• 한국조리학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.273-285
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to find appropriate processing condition of astringent persimmon and persimmon leaf granular tea. Under the condition of 4 hour extraction and $50^{\circ}brix$, extraction yield and concentrating of astringent persimmon were the greatest. Under the condition of 2 hour extraction and $7^{\circ}brix$, extraction yield and concentrating of persimmon leaf were the greatest. The optimum condition of granular tea with astringent persimmon and persimmon leaf added was the best in astringent persimmon concentrate of 16% and persimmon leaf concentrate of 4%. It had the best taste after the condition in a brix value of 16.15% and a pH of 5.57. The L-value of chromaticity was -79.13, a-value 2.27, and b-value 2.41. In the sensory properties correlation analysis of astringent persimmon and persimmon leaf granular tea, sweet taste, color acceptability, odor acceptability and taste accept-ability were positively significant correlation with most sensory properties. However, astringent taste was no significant correlation with sensory acceptability. Bitter taste and after taste were negatively significant correlation with most sensory properties.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.236-241
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• 2013

A high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) method was established for quantitative evaluation of nine constituents of Fraxinus rhynchophylla such as four coumarins, esculin (1), fraxin (2), esculetin (3), fraxetin (4), three lignans, syringaresinol 4,4'-O-${\beta}$-diglucoside (5), pinoresinol 4-O-${\beta}$-glucoside (6), pinoresinol (9), one secoiridoid, oleuropein (7), and one coumarinolignan, cleomiscosin C (8). The preferred chromatographic condition was obtained on Phenomenex Gemini-NX (3 ${\mu}m$, C18 110A, $150{\times}4.60$ mm) and the mobile phase was composed of water and acetonitrile using a gradient elution. The wavelength was set at 220 nm. Extraction condition of these constituents in F. rhynchophylla was also optimized through extraction time, extraction solvent and extraction method using established method. From this study, extraction at $70^{\circ}C$ with the mixture of ethanol and water for more than 12 h was suggested to be good extraction condition for these constituents. Quantitation of nine constituents in different F. rhynchophylla samples was also successfully accomplished with the newly established method.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.175-182
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• 2011

Objectives : This study was performed to compare the differences between decoctions extracted by different extraction method and extraction time. Methods : Decoctions were prepared with pressed or non-pressed extraction conditions for 60, 120 and 180min. The yields of extracts, sugar contents, hydrogen ion concentrations(pH), the contents of reference compounds in Yukmijihwang-tang(Liuweidihuang-tang) were investigated. Results : The yields and the dissolved solid content containing sugar content of decoctions were more in pressed extraction method than unpressed extraction method, and they tended to be increased as extraction time increased. The pH values of decoctions methods did not show significant differences between pressed and unpressed extraction methods or extraction times. Most of reference compounds showed higher contents in pressed extraction method than unpressed extraction method and their contents were augmented according to increase of extraction time. The content of paeonol was decreased when extracted in more than 120min with pressed extraction method and tended to be decreased as extraction time increased in unpressed extraction method. Conclusions : The pressed extraction with long extraction time could be useful for decoction of Yukmijihwang-tang(Liuweidihuang-tang). However, another ingredients possible to decrease in such condition need to be considered to determine suitable extraction condition.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.419-427
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• 2014

인진쑥(Artemisia capillaris Thunbl)의 항산화적 특성을 조사하기 위하여 반응표면분석법에 의하여 열수추출특성을 모니터링하여 최적 추출조건을 설정하였다. 총 페놀성화합물 함량에 대한 최적조건은 $94.50^{\circ}C$, 2.06 hr 및 시료에 대한 용매비 25.03 ml/g, 전자공여능에 대한 최적조건은 $91.82^{\circ}C$, 2.90 hr 및 20.88 ml/g으로 나타났고, 아질산염 소거능(pH 1.2)에 대한 최적조건은 $97.36^{\circ}C$, 2.75 hr 및 15.19 ml/g등으로 각각 나타났다. 각 변수에 대한 회귀식을 도출하여 인진쑥의 총 페놀성화합물 함량, 전자공여능 및 아질산염 소거능(pH 1.2)에 대한 최적 추출조건을 superimposing 한 결과, 추출온도 $90{\sim}95^{\circ}C$, 추출시간 2.5~3.5 hr 및 시료에 대한 용매비 17~24 ml/g의 범위로 각각 예측되었다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.466-470
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• 2001

Response surface methodology was used for monitoring extraction conditions, based on quality properties of old pumpkin extracts. Hunter's color L value of extracts was maximized at 101℃, 2.6 hr and decreased gradually after maximum point. The polynomial equation for Hunter's color L value showed 10% of significance level and 0.8799 of R². Hunter's color a value was minimized at 117℃, 3.9 hr and R² of polynomial equation was 0.9852 within 1% significance level. Hunter's color b value and ΔE value increased as the extracting temperature and time increased. Extraction yield of old pumpkin was maximized at 110℃, 4 hr and increased in proportional to the extracting temperature and time, but decreased after 113℃ and 2 hr. Viscosity of pumpkin extracts were maximized at 120℃, nearly 3 hr. R² of polynomial equations for yield, viscosity and sugar content were 0.9532, 0.9812 and 0.8869, respectively. Optimum ranges of extraction conditions for quality properties of old pumpkin were 102∼109℃, 2.5∼3.5 hr, respectively. Predicted values at the optimum extraction condition agreed with experimental values.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.585-590
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• 1998

To renew interest in Chrysanthemum boreale as a traditional food material, response surface methodology was used for optimizing extraction conditions and monitoring physicochemical properties of ethanol extracts from Chrysanthemum petal. The phenolic compounds of ethanol extracts were minimized in 87ml/g(solvent per sample), 21%(ethanol concentration), and 15 hours(extraction time). The physicochemical properties of ethanol extracts were maximized in the conditions of 115ml/g, 98% and 16 hours on yellow color intensity, 143ml/g, 75% and 19 hours on carotenoid content, and 148ml/g, 53% and 18 hours on soluble solid content. Optimum ranges of extraction condition for physicochemical properties of Chrysanthemum boreale were 130~150ml/g, 70~85% and 20~28 hours, respectively. Predicted values at the optimum extraction condition were in good agreement with experimental values.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.252-258
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• 2006

오미자를 이용하여 음료 제조를 하기 위한 오미자 추출의 최적조건을 알아보기 위하여 반응 표면 분석을 이용하였다. 각각의 반응표면분석 결과 고형분은 25배 이상의 용매비, $75^{\circ}C$이상 온도, $7{\sim}8$시간, 총산은 25배 이상의 용매비, $75^{\circ}C$의 온도, $6{\sim}7$시간, 페놀성 화합물은 25배의 용매비, $80^{\circ}C$의 온도, $6{\sim}7$시간, 환원당은 25배 이상의 용매비, $80^{\circ}C$ 이상의 온도, $6{\sim}8$시간, 비타민 C는 25배 이상의 용매비, $80^{\circ}C$의 추출 온도와 $5{\sim}6$시간의 추출조건에서 최적의 추출조건을 나타내었고, 탁도의 경우는 7시간에서 $60^{\circ}C$이상, 용매비는 25배 이상일 때 탁도가 가장 높게 나타났다. 이에 따라 시간을 6시간으로 고정하여 각각의 추출조건에 따른 특성을 알아본 결과 Fig. 3과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 비타민 C, 환원당, 페놀성 화합물, 그리고 가용성 고형분의 함량은 높고, 음료 제조 시에 강한 신맛을 주어 제조된 음료의 기호도에 좋지 못한 영향을 줄 수 있는 총산의 양은 적은 지점을 임의적으로 정하여 최적 추출 조건으로 선정하였으며, 이 범위의 온도는 $65^{\circ}C$, 용매비는 25배로 예측한 결과 가용성 고형분은 2.2%, 비타민 C는 530 mg/g, 환원당은 479 mg/g, 페놀성 화합물은 260 mg/g, 총산의 함량은 190 mg/g, 탁도는 1.18 (O.D)로 나타났다. 결정한 최적 추출조건에서 오미자를 추출한 결과 고형분 1.9%, 비타민 C 451mg/g, 환원당 397 mg/g, 페놀성 화합물 260 mg/g, 총산의 함량 170mg/g, 탁도 1.20 (O.D)와 같은 결과를 얻었으며 반응표면분석에서 예측한 것과 다소간의 양호한 결과로 나타났다.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.270-274
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• 2016

Green tea, the leaves of Camellia sinsneis (Theaceae), is generally acknowledged as the most consumed beverage with multiple pharmacological functions including antioxidant activity. This study was performed to analyze the effect of extraction conditions of green tea on its antioxidant effects using DPPH assay. Three extraction factors such as extraction solvent (EtOH, 0 - 100%), extraction time (3 - 15 min) and extraction temperature ($10-70^{\circ}C$) were analyzed and optimized extraction condition for antioxidant activity of green tea extract (GTE) was determined using response surface methodology with three-level-three-factor Box-Behnken design (BBD). Regression analysis showed a good fit of data and the optimal conditions of extraction were found to be 57.7% EtOH, 15 min and $70^{\circ}C$. Under this condition, antioxidant activity of experimental data was 88.4% which was almost fit to the ideal value of 88.6%. As epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is known for the major ingredient for antioxidant activity of green tea, we investigated the effect of EGCG on antioxidant activity of GTE. EGCG showed antioxidant activity with the $IC_{50}$ value of $4.2{\mu}g/ml$ and a positive correlation was observed between EGCG content and the antioxidant activity of GTE with $R^2=0.7134$. Interestingly, however, GTE with 50 - 70% antioxidant activity contain less than $1.0{\mu}g/ml$ of EGCG, which is much lower than $IC_{50}$ value of EGCG. Therefore, we suppose that EGCG together with other constituents contribute to antioxidant activity of GTE. Taken together, these results suggest that green tea is more beneficial than EGCG alone for antioxidant ability and optimal extraction condition of green tea will be useful for the development of food and pharmaceutical applications

• 생약학회지
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.65-69
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• 2018

Torilin is a major sesquiterpene of Torilis japonica (Umbelliferae) fruits and known to be a melanogenesis inhibitor. Extraction conditions are important factor for the efficient preparation to save cost and time in economic aspects. For this reason, this study was conducted to optimize the extraction condition for maximal yield of torilin. For optimization, extraction factors such as extraction solvent, extraction temperature and sample/solvent ratio were tested and optimized for maximum yield of torilin using response surface methodology with Box-Behnken design (BBD). The optimal condition was obtained as a EtOAc concentration in MeOH of 31.8%, an extraction temperature at $30.3^{\circ}C$ and a sample/solvent ratio, 1000 mg/2 ml. The torilin yield under optimal conditions was found to be 9.9 mg/g dried samples, which were well-matched with the predicted value of 10.4 mg/g dried samples. These results will provide useful information about optimized extraction conditions for the development of torilin as cosmetic therapeutics to reduce skin hyperpigmentation.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.121-129
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• 2007

This study was conducted to elucidate extraction efficiency by microwave technique in comparison with sonication technique for extraction of insecticide residue in pear. In the analysis of the extraction efficiency of microwave for a pear spiked with imidacloprid, the extraction efficiency by microwave power of 300 W with extraction temperature of $80^{\circ}C$, heating time of 1 to 3 minute was shown to be similar with the extraction time 20 minutes by sonication. The optimal condition. in consideration of economical condition and treatment time, for microwave extraction of imidacloprid in the pear were 300 watts of power supply, $100^{\circ}C$ of extraction temperature, 1 minute of heating time and 10 mL of acetone volume. A new microwave vessel was developed to rapidly process the sample of the insecticide imidacloprid residues in the pear. This vessel was designed to include a reaction chamber and a filtration equipment, and a gathering chamber. The system could curtail a pretreatment time to 21 minutes than sonication and 7.9 minutes than the previous microwave vessel.