• Title/Summary/Keyword: extension properties

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Long-term Assessment of Soil Chemical Properties in Different Soil Texture Orchard Fields in Gyeongnam Province

  • Kim, Min Keun;Sonn, Yeon-Kyu;Kang, Seong-Soo;Heo, Jae-Young;Kim, Dae-Ho;Choi, Yong-Jo;Lee, Sang-Dae;Shin, Hyun-Yul;Ok, Yong Sik;Lee, Young Han
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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    • v.48 no.4
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    • pp.240-245
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    • 2015
  • The monitoring of soil fertility changes in orchard is very important for agricultural sustainability. Field monitoring was performed to evaluate the soil chemical properties of 140 orchard (23 sites for sandy loam, 88 sites for loam, 28 sites for silt loam, and 1 site for loamy fine sand) in Gyeongnam province every 4 years from 2002 to 2014. Soil chemical properties such as pH, electrical conductivity, amount of organic matter (OM), available phosphate ($P_2O_5$), lime requirement (LR), exchangeable potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and sodium were analyzed. The amount of OM, exchangeable K, Ca, and Mg were significantly increased as cultivation year increases. The frequency distribution within optimum range of subsoil chemical properties in 2014 was 34.3% for pH, 35.0% for OM, 17.1% for available $P_2O_5$, 22.9% for exchangeable K, 15.7% for exchangeable Ca, and 22.1% for exchangeable Mg. In addition, the available $P_2O_5$ and exchangeable calcium were excess level with portions of 69.3% and 48.6%, respectively. The soil chemical properties in the topsoil and subsoil showed that soil pH was significantly higher in sandy loam soil than those from the loam and silt loam soils. The OM, exchangeable K, Mg, and LR of loam soil were higher than those from the sandy loam soil. These results indicated that a balanced management of soil chemical properties as affected by soil texture can improve the amount of fertilizer applied for sustainable agriculture in orchard field.

Comparison of Antioxidant and yield Properties of of Adzuki Bean (Vigna angularis L.) Cultivars Under Different Air Temperatures and Sunshine Hours

  • Jisun Jang;Seon-Min Oh;Kwonseo Park;Youngsik Kang;Jeom-Sig Lee;Suk-Bo Song;Tugsang Yun;Jae Yoon Kim
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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    • 2022.10a
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    • pp.309-309
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    • 2022
  • This study investigated the antioxidant and yield properties of eight adzuki bean (Vigna angularis) cultivars under different mean temperature and sunshine hours in 2020 and 2021. The mean temperature in 2020 compared to 2021, which was normal, were lower during the pod extension and grain filling period. In addition, due to frequent rainfall during the vegetative perio d in 2020, there were fewer hours of sunshine compared to 2021. The Adzuki Bean yield in 2020 was about 13% lower than that in 2021 due to the decreased number of pods per plant and 100 seeds weight. The stability of yields was higher in 'Hongda' and 'Hongjin' than in 'Arari', which is the most cultivated in Korea. Also, the yields of these varieties were all higher than those of 'Arari' varieties for two years. Compared to 2021, in 2020, when weather conditions were not favorable, both antioxidant components and activity were higher. The cultivar 'Hongda' was a higher antioxidant component and activity than others for two years. The results suggested that the antioxidant component and activity were good in 2020 with about 13% decrease in yield compared to a normal year in 2021 due to mean temperature and sunshine hours.

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Topographical Chemical Properties of Paddy Soils in Gyeongnam Province (경남지역 논토양 지형과 화학성의 관계)

  • Lee, Young-Han;Sonn, Yeon-Kyu;Lee, Seong-Tae;Heo, Jae-Young;Kim, Min-Keun;Kim, Eon-Seok;Song, Won-Doo;Zhang, Yong-Sun;Jeon, Weon-Tai;Ok, Yong-Sik
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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    • v.45 no.2
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    • pp.143-148
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    • 2012
  • Sustainable agriculture requires reliable information on the spatial distribution of the soil chemical properties for effective management of paddy fields. In order to provide adequate soil nutritional information for environmental-friendly agriculture, we investigated the soil chemical properties for 260 paddy soils sampled in Gyeongnam Province from 1999 to 2011 by four years of interval. Soil chemical properties of pH, organic matter, available phosphate and silicate, exchangeable potassium, calcium, and magnesium contents were analyzed. The pH value, organic matter, available phosphate and silicate, and exchangeable calcium and magnesium in paddy soils were significantly elevated in 2011 compared to 1999. The excessive levels of organic matter and available phosphate in paddy soils were detected in 2011. The soil available phosphate was highest in mountain foot-slope (p<0.05) and the soil organic matter was highest in diluvial terrace (p<0.05). It revealed that the soil available phosphate was the responsible factor for the differentiation of soil chemical properties by the topography in paddy soils.

Comparison of the Surface Chemical Properties of Plastic Film House, Upland, and Orchard Soils in Gyeongbuk Province

  • Park, Sang-Jo;Park, Jun-Hong;Kim, Chan-Yong;Seo, Young-Jin;Kwon, Oh-Heun;Won, Jong-Gun;Lee, Suk-Hee
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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    • v.49 no.2
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    • pp.115-124
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    • 2016
  • The objectives of this study were to evaluate the soil fertility about plastic film house, upland, and orchard in Gyeongbuk Province, Korea. The surface chemical properties of soil samples were investigated every 4 year from 2000 year at upland, 2001 year at orchard, and 2002 year at plastic film house. During 12 year's monitoring, mean soil pH was increased by 0.7 and 0.8 pH unit from pH 5.7 in upland and orchard, respectively, 0.5 pH unit from pH 6.5 in plastic film house. About 50% of all the field samples occupied within the recommended pH range (pH 6-7). Although soil organic matter (SOM) was gradually increased by about $10g\;kg^{-1}$ for 12 years, 40% of orchard, 49% of plastic film house, and 77% of upland soil samples were still below the 3% SOM. The mean concentration of available phosphate for 12 years in upland, orchard, and plastic film house were 530, 600, and $760mg\;kg^{-1}$, respectively. The relative frequencies exceeding the recommended available phosphate range ($300-550mg\;kg^{-1}$) were 43%, 53%, and 66% at upland, orchard, and plastic film house soils, respectively. $NH_4OAc$ exchangeable $K^+$ of upland, orchard, and plastic film house in the last soil test were 0.8, 0.9, and $1.6cmol_c\;kg^{-1}$, respectively. The relative frequencies above the recommended K level were 56% and 70% of orchard and plastic film house soil samples, respectively. The levels of crop nutrients except exchangeable Ca and Mg in upland soil were tended to increase gradually in the three fields. Exchangeable Mg, EC, available phosphate, organic matter and soil pH could be used as principle components to differentiate the chemical properties of three land fields. This analysis revealed that the soil fertility was affected by cropping method and field management, although additional research is needed to assess the importance of management on soil chemical properties and many fields indicate an opportunity for improvement in fertilizer management.

Analysis of Soil Microbial Communities Formed by Different Upland Fields in Gyeongnam Province

  • Kim, Min Keun;Ok, Yong Sik;Heo, Jae-Young;Choi, Si-Lim;Lee, Sang-Dae;Shin, Hyun-Yul;Kim, Je-Hong;Kim, Hye Ran;Lee, Young Han
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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    • v.47 no.2
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    • pp.100-106
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    • 2014
  • The present study investigated variations in soil microbial communities by fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) and the chemical properties at 24 sites of upland soils in Gyeongnam Province. The electrical conductivity of the soil under potato cultivation was significantly higher than those of the red pepper and soybean soils (p < 0.05). The gram-negative bacteria community in potato soil was significantly lower than those in the garlic and soybean soils (p < 0.05). The communities of actinomycetes and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the red pepper soil were significantly higher than those in the potato soil (p < 0.05). In addition, the cy17:0 to 16:$1{\omega}7c$ ratio was significantly lower in red pepper, soybean, and garlic soils compared with potato soil, indicating that microbial stress decreased. Consequently, differences in soil microbial community were highly associated with cultivated crop species, and this might be resulted from the difference in soil chemical properties.

Quality Properties of Kimch by the Addition of King Oyster Mushroom(Pleurotus eryngii) during Fermentation (큰느타리버섯 첨가량에 따른 김치의 품질 특성)

  • Kim Jeong-Han;Jang Myoung-Jun;Choi Jong-In;Ha Tae-Moon;Chung Jae-Woon;Chi Jeong-Hyun;Ju Young-Cheoul
    • Food Science and Preservation
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    • v.12 no.3
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    • pp.287-291
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    • 2005
  • Quality properties of Kimchi added with king oyster mushroom(Pleurotus eryngil) was evaluated during the fermentation at $5^{\circ}C$. Until 7 days, pH of Kimdhi was rapidly decreased. The titratable acidity of Kimchi was in inverse state to the pH. Kimchi added with the mushroom showed a lower pH with a higher titratable acidity than those of control. Total microbial load and lactic acid bacterial count were maximized at 18 days, thereafter slowly decreased. king oyster mushroom Kimchi added with showed an antioxidant activity. The effect was dependent fo the amount of much room, and radical scavenging activity and content of total phenolic compounds was the highest in eddition of $30\%$ king oyster mushroom.

Effects of Bio-degradable Mulches on the Yield of Maize and the Density of Soil Microbe

  • Lim, Soo-Jeong;Lee, Min-Bum;Kim, Se-Won;Kim, Jang-Su;Heo, Su-Jeong;Choi, Seung-Chul;Yoon, Byeong-Sung;Kim, In-Jong
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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    • v.49 no.4
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    • pp.375-380
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    • 2016
  • The use of polyethylene film has a problem such as increasing rural environmental contamination, collection costs and farmers' workload. The objective of this study was to evaluate bio-degradable films in terms of yield of maize and soil environment. Treatments were bio-degradable film A (BDF A), bio-degradable film B (BDF B), high density polyethylene (HDPE), and non-mulched (NM) soil. Daily mean values of soil temperature (10 cm depth) under BDF A, BDF B, and HDPE were higher than in NM soil by 2.2, 2.8, $3.1^{\circ}C$ respectively. In the mulching cultivation of maize, bio-degradable film began to degrade from 50~60days after the planting. The degradation was much progressed in the harvest time and almost decomposed in the following spring. The weight of ear of maize was not shown significantly by mulching treatments. There were little changes of soil chemical properties for the bio-degradable film mulching. After using bio-degradable films, the contents of biomass-C and dehydrogenase activity increased from 92 to $137{\sim}147mg\;kg^{-1}$, and from 87 to $123{\sim}168mg\;kg^{-1}$ respectively.

Changes in Physical Properties Especially, Three Phases, Bulk Density, Porosity and Correlations under No-tillage Clay Loam Soil with Ridge Cultivation of Rain Proof Plastic House

  • Yang, Seung-Koo;Seo, Youn-Won;Kim, Sun-Kook;Kim, Byeong-Ho;Kim, Hee-Kwon;Kim, Hyun-Woo;Choi, Kyung-Ju;Han, Yeon Soo;Jung, Woo-Jin
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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    • v.47 no.4
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    • pp.225-234
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    • 2014
  • This study was carried out to investigate the sustainable agriculture of no-tillage technique including recycling of the ridge and the furrow of a field for following crops in Korea. No-tillage systems affect soil physical properties such as three phase (solid, liquid, and air phase) and distribution of soil granular. Solid ratio of subsoil in 3-year of no-tillage (NT) treatment was remarkably lower than that in conventional (CT, 2-year of no-tillage + 1-year of tillage) treatment, while air ratio of subsoil in NT remarkably increased. Bulk density of subsoil in NT remarkably decreased. Porosity of subsoil in NT remarkably increased. Deviation of air phase, bulk density, and porosity of top soil and subsoil in NT remarkably decreased in NT compared with CT. Solid phase ratio and liquid phase ratio in NT and CT had positive (+) correlation. Solid phase ratio and air phase ratio in NT and CT had negative (-) correlation, also liquid phase ratio and air ratio had negative (-) correlation. Bulk density and liquid ratio in soil had positive (+) correlation at top soil and subsoil in NT. Bulk density and air ratio in soil had negative (-) correlation in NT and CT. Porosity and liquid phase ratio had negative (-) correlation, r =1), the significant value was lower in NT than in CT. Porosity and air phase ratio had positive (+) correlation (r =1).