• 유통과학연구
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.41-46
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• 2014

Purpose - This study focused on providing strategic findings that make significant sense for companies that are looking for a future outsourcing strategy. The study analyzes the results of outsourcing in the information logistics systems field and verifies the results through experimental study of the performance delivered by logistics outsourcing types. Research design, data, and methodology - The study sample was assembled based on a random sampling method used to extract the initial 451 companies from a list of Korean distributors, wholesalers, and retailers. Following that sample process, 423 companies were confirmed by verifying their e-mail address and contacts (telephone and fax numbers), and were selected as initial research subjects. We reduced that number to 331 companies for the survey sample through telephone interviews in advance with the 423 companies that were targeted, in order to verify whether they are in the field of outsourcing of information logistics systems. The period of the survey extended from November 10, 2013 to January 10, 2014. The number of collected surveys totaled 181. We reviewed the contents of the survey responses, and reduced the number of research subjects to 175. In this study, we used a standard analysis to investigate whether there is a difference in distribution results based on different types of outsourcing information in the logistics system field and, through T-verification, we investigated whether the difference between distribution results in each group resulting from that standard analysis is statistically significant. Results - These results show that there is a difference in distribution outcome, based upon type of distribution outsourcing. In addition, we determined that they are meaningful results by confirming that, for usability and to improve the capabilities of a third-party logistics service supplier, both the choice of reasonable outsourcing types and the enhancement of various types of alliances are very important success factors. Taken together these study results, with a goal of enhancing the distribution capabilities of a Korean distributor, can be implemented to enhance management results achievable by supplying an information logistics system in the form of strategic outsourcing rather than in the form of simple outsourcing. In addition, the outcomes of logistics distributors in Korea that are using outsourcing in the logistics information systems field show high performance results in commercial endeavors in the following order: competitive, pre-competitive, non-competitive, and pro-competitive. Conclusions - This study focused on providing strategic findings. However, in the case of outsourcing in the field of information logistics systems of Korean distributors, there has been a focus on simple outsourcing rather than on strategic outsourcing; furthermore, there has been a concentration on non-competitive forms instead of pro-competitive forms, which could achieve better distribution results. This discussion is presented in more detail in the analysis results of this study.

• 전자공학회논문지CI
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.35-45
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• 2009

홈네트워크(Home Network)와 같이 개방된 환경에서 여러 개의 아토셀(Ato-cell)로 구성된 ZigBee 클러스터는 측정 및 수집 정보의 전달에 대한 안전한 보안이 요구된다. 또한 ZigBee 디바이스간 인증을 위해 발생되는 마스터 키 관리 및 Access Control List(ACL), 디바이스 자원 등 여러 가지 보안의 문제점이 논의되고 있다. 선행연구로 부모-자식간의 해쉬체인 기법(Hash Chain Method)이나 토큰 키(token-key), 공개키(public-key) 인증기법 등이 연구되고 일부는 표준에 반영되었다. 이와 관련하여 본 논문에서는 홈네트워크 ZigBee 구현 시스템에서 디바이스의 복제와 사이빌 공격(Sybil Attack)에 대한 탐지 기법으로 이웃 디바이스 검색을 보안에 적용, 확대하였다. 이웃 검색(neighbor detection)의 응용기법은 주변 디바이스에 대한 정보를 활용하여 새로운 디바이스와 이웃 디바이스의 ACL 정보를 포함 및 비교하여 인중을 한다. 이를 통해 악의적인 디바이스(malicious device)의 사이빌 공격, 디바이스 복제에 대한 침입 탐지 및 해킹 방지를 구현하였다. 또한 홈네트워크 기기를 ITU-T SG17와 ZigBee Pro를 고려하여 사용자 접근 권한, 시간, 날짜, 요일의 4개를 적용하여 레벨과 룰로 구분하여 구현하였다. 결과적으로 볼 때 제안방식이 악성 디바이스의 탐지 성공 및 시간 측면에서 우수한 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제37권11호
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• pp.1497-1506
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• 2008

홍삼 추출물을 첨가한 두부를 제조함에 있어 홍삼 추출물 첨가량이 두부의 품질과 저장성 그리고 항산화 활성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 건조 대두를 기준으로 홍삼 추출물을 $0.5{\sim}2%$ 첨가하여 제조한 두부와 첨가하지 않은 두부의 물성, 색도, 관능의 차이를 비교하였다. 두부의 texture는 견고성과 탄력성에서만 홍삼 추출물의 첨가량에 따라 다소 증가하는 경향으로 홍삼 추출물을 2% 첨가한 두부에서 유의적 차이가 나타났고, 두부의 색도는 L, a, b값 모두 유의적으로 증가하였다. 관능검사 결과 color에 대한 기호도가 떨어지는 경향을 보여 주었으나 홍삼 특유의 맛이 유의적으로 감지되면서 전체적인 기호도는 통계상 유의적 차이가 보이지 않아 홍삼 추출물의 첨가가 소비자의 기호에 특별한 거부감을 일으키지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 두부를 $15^{\circ}C$에서 보관하면서 pH, 탁도 그리고 총 균수의 변화를 측정한 결과 저장 초기에는 변화가 없다가 pH와 총 균수는 저장 4일부터, 탁도는 저장 6일부터 변화하는 것으로 나타나, 이는 홍삼 추출물이 첨가된 두부가 홍삼 추출물이 첨가되지 않은 두부보다 미생물 생육이 억제되어 두부의 저장성이 향상되었음을 의미한다. ORAC assay를 이용한 두부의 항산화 활성은 첨가된 홍삼 추출물의 농도에 비례하여 antioxidant 활성이 유의적으로 증가하는 경향을 나타내었으며, ORACOH. assay에서 는 홍삼 추출물을 첨가한 두부 추출물이 홍삼 추출물의 농도에 비례하여 pro-oxidant 활성을 보여 주었다.

• 한국결정학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국결정학회 2003년도 춘계학술연구발표회
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• pp.18-18
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• 2003

Thioredoxin (Trx) is a small redox protein that is ubiquitously distributed from achaes to human. In diverse organisms, the protein is involved in various physiological roles by acting as electron donor and regulators of transcription and apoptosis as well as antioxidants. Sequences of Trx within various species are 27～69% identical to that of E. coli and all Trx proteins have the same overall fold, which consists of central five β strands surrounded by four α helices. The N-terminal cysteine in WCGPC motif of Trx is redox sensitive and the motif is highly conserved. Compared with general cysteine, the N-terminal cysteine has low pKa value. The result leads to increased reduction activity of protein. Recently, novel thio.edoxin-related protein (TRP14) was found from rat brain. TRP14 acts as disulfide reductase like Trx1, and its redox potential and pKa are similar to those of Trx1. However, TRP14 takes up electrons from cytosolic thioredoxin reductase (TrxR1), not from the mitochondrial thioredoxin reductase (TrxR2). Biological roles of TES14 were reported to be involved in regulating TNF-α induced signaling pathways in different manner with Trx1. In depletion experiments, depletion of TRP14 increased TNF-α induced phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα more than the depletion Trx1 did. It also facilitated activation of JNK and p38 MAP kinase induced by TNF-α. Unlike Trx1, TRP14 shows neither interaction nor interference with ASK1. Here, we determined three-dimensional crystal structure of TRP14 by MAD method at 1.8Å. The structure reveals that the conserved cis-Pro (Pro90) and active site-W-C-X-X-C motif, which may be involved in substrate recognition similar to Trx1 , are located at the beginning position of strand β4 and helix α2, respectively. The TRP14 structure also shows that surface of TRP14 in the vicinity of the active site, which is surrounded by an extended flexible loop and an additional short a helix, is different from that of Trx1. In addition, the structure exhibits that TRP14 interact with a distinct target proteins compared with Trx1 and the binding may depend mainly on hydrophobic and charge interactions. Consequently, the structure supports biological data that the TRP14 is involved in regulating TNF-α induced signaling pathways in different manner with Trx1.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.133-139
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• 2020

Background: The gastrocnemius (GCM) is one of the lower extremity muscles that tend to tighten easily. GCM tightness results in limited ankle dorsi-flexion (DF), especially when the knee joint is fully extended. Joint flexibility is determined by the morphological and physiological characteristics of joints, muscles, tendons, and ligaments. Impaired joint flexibility can be attributed to increased susceptibility to muscle injury. High-frequency diathermy is clinically used to reduce pain and muscle tightness and to improve limited range of motion. Objects: This study aimed to investigate the immediate effects of high-frequency therapy in subjects with GCM tightness. Methods: The study was designed as a one-group before-after trial. The subjects included 28 volunteers with GCM tightness (an active ankle DF angle of less than 12°) without any known neurological and musculoskeletal pathologies in the ankle and calf areas. WINBACK Transfer Electrode Capacitive and Resistive Therapy equipment was used to apply high-frequency therapy to the subjects' GCMs for 10-15 minutes. The pennation angle and the fascicle length of the GCM were measured using ultrasonography. The flexibility of the ankle joint, peak torque to the passive ankle DF (Biodex), and soft tissue stiffness (MyotonPRO) were also measured. Results: The pennation angle was significantly decreased following the treatment; however, no significant difference in the fascicle length was found (p < 0.05). The flexibility was significantly increased and both the passive peak torque to passive ankle DF and the soft tissue stiffness significantly decreased (p < 0.05). Conclusion: High-frequency therapy is immediately effective for improving the muscle's architectural properties and functional factors in subjects with GCM tightness. Further longitudinal clinical studies are required to investigate the long-term effects of high-frequency therapy on subjects with GCM tightness from various causes.

• 농촌계획
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.37-47
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to analyze the loss of open space of schools in Ulaanbaatar city and found out main causes of the conversion trend of open space to suggest alternatives. 76 designated sites were selected from 118 public schools within 6 districts of Ulaanbaatar city. These 76 schools were eligible for analysis of the open space change between 2005 and 2015 with Google Earth Pro. The results showed that $175,048m^2$ open space was developed and two dominant types of open space conversion were found; 1) constructions of school facilities such as soccer field, extended school buildings, parking lot, sidewalk, and square, and 2) constructions of apartment buildings and service facilities such as community center, pedestrian, sports facilities, and parking lot. Apartment complex development has commonly happened in all districts and caused bigger open space loss than other types of development. Chingeltei district is located in the center of Ulaanbaatar city, and schools in this district lost the biggest open space, $50,036m^2$/35.24% over 10 years. The rate of open space loss seemed to be related to the distance from the urban center and open space loss was an ongoing event in Ulaanbaatar city. This trend would not be improved without a strong regulation, so, in this study, making strict regulations that prevent conversions of open space were suggested to conserve open space in Ulaanbaatar city.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.287-293
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• 2008

This study was conducted to determine the characteristics of fertilization process and embryo development of Astragalus membranaceus Bunge (Astragali Radix) to provide basic data needed in its breeding. A. membranaceus showed poor seed setting when self-pollination was induced. When artificial pollination was induced, it showed less than 5% bearing in late August, but more than 13% bearing from the beginning of September 4th. The flower size was about $17.0\;mm{\times}4.0\;mm$ and pistils and stamens had the same length of 15.0mm at flowering stage. When self-pollination or cross-pollination was induced, pollen tubes extended to an ovule. While pollen tube was extending to the ovule, reproductive cell split and formed two male generative nuclei and a vegetative nucleus. In the case of self-pollination, fertilized embryo was not observed, but was formed in the case of cross-pollination. A. membranaceus is noted to have zygote self-incompatibility. In the case of cross-pollination, fertilization was observed in 6 to 8 h after pollination, where apical cell derivatives split after fertilization. A spherical pro-embryo was then formed three days after fertilization. The seed attained full shape with a seed coat showing its distinctive contour 15 days after fertilization. Thus, A. membranaceus in Leguminosae family is found to have zygote selfincompatibility although its flower shape is shown to match the self-compatibility plant.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2012년도 정기총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.8-8
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• 2012

Ginseng have been traditionally used for strengthening immunity, providing nutrition and recovering health from fatigue. Recently, pharmaceutical activities of ginseng roots have been proven by many researches, and ginseng has become a world-famous medicinal plant. Ginseng saponin, ginsenoside, is one of the most important secondary metabolite in ginseng which has various pharmacological activities. Many studies have aimed to convert major ginsenosides to the more active minor ginsenoside Rg3 for consumer demand ginseng product. Microbial strain GS514 strain was isolated from soil around ginseng roots for enzymatic preparation of ginsenoside Rg3, which strain shows strong ability of converting ginsenoside Rb1and Rd into Rg3 in the solution with NaCl. The gene encoding a ${\beta}$-glucosidase from this GS514 was cloned and expressed in the BL21 (DE3) strain of Escherichia coli. The recombinant enzyme was purified and characterized. The molecular mass of purified was 87.5 kDa, as determined by SDS-PAGE. The gene sequence revealed significant homology to the family 3 glycoside hydrolases. The purified single enzyme also catalyzed the conversion of ginsenoside Rb1 into Rg3. This target enzyme will be able to produce as much saponin for consumer demand ginseng product. Anti-apoptotic proteins bind with pro-apoptotic proteins to induce apoptosis mechanism. Over expression of these anti-apoptotic proteins lead to several cancers by preventing apoptosis. Docking simulations were performed for anti-apoptotic proteins with several ginsenosides from Panax ginseng. Our finding shows ginsenosides particularly Rg3, Rh2 and Rf have more binding affinity with apoptotic proteins. Further, these docking system of each ginsenosides can be extended to experimental screen system for further brief confirmations of several diseases.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.299-306
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• 2004

구비문학으로부터 온라인 게임에 이르기까지 이야기체는 여러 형태의 시간적 의미예술로 확장되어 왔다. 영화나 게임에서 이야기란 바로 누군가가 의식적으로 무언가를 성취하려 하는 성취욕과 장애물 사이의 대립과 경쟁을 그리는 것이다. 대립의 원칙에서 중요한 것은 주인공과 주인공의 이야기를 지적으로 흥미진진하고 감정적으로 흡인력 있도록 만드는 것으로 이것은 오로지 적대 세력의 역할이다. 인물과 맞서는 대립세력이 강력하고 복합적일수록 영화나 게임에서 인물과 이야기는 더 완벽하게 구현될 수밖에 없다. 주인공은 그가 닿지 못할 곳에 있는 욕망의 대상을 추구한다. Antagonist는 주인공과 그의 욕망 사이에 놓여 있던 거리를 더욱 멀어지게 하면서 그의 욕망을 차단한다. 따라서 주인공적 응시와 관련하여 적대 세력은 극복하여야 할 대상이지만 antagonist는 영화를 비롯한 다양한 게임 스토리의 수없이 많은 종류의 시간과 공간 속에서 다양한 내적 깊이의 욕망과 투쟁을 경험하도록 하며 우리 자신의 경험적 영역 밖으로 우리의 삶을 확장시켜 주는 경쟁적 파트너의 역할을 수행한다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.183-187
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• 2006

감초와 녹차추출액에 신선절단한 감자를 침지하고 각각 LDPE 필름으로 포장하여 $4^{\circ}C$에서 저장하면서 저장 중 품질 특성을 조사하였다. 저장함에 따라 L value는 전반적으로 감소하는 경향을 나타냈으며 ascorbic acid를 함께 처리한 경우 하락 폭을 줄여 줄수 있었다. 저장 중 포장내의 이산화탄소 함량은 증가하였고 산소의 함량은 감소하였다. 저장 7일경까지는 녹차와 ascorbic과의 병용처리구를 제외하고는 큰 변화 가 없었으나 저장 14일경에는 모든 구에서 급격한 증가 현상을 보였다. Chlorogenic acid의 경우에도 총페놀과 유사한 경향을 나타내었으며 저장 기간 경과에 따라 직선적으로 증가하는 양상을 띠었다. PRO activity를 측정한 결과 저장 기간 경과에 따라 증가하고 있었으며 갈변이 효과적으로 저해되었던 저장 7일경의 감초 및 녹차에서 가장 낮은 활성을 나타내고 있으나 이후 14일경 갈변의 심화와 함께 효소의 활성도 함께 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 천연물인 감초추출물과 ascorbic acid를 병용하여 사용할 경우 냉장저장 시 일정기간 동안 천연물을 이용한 갈변저해 및 품질유지가 가능할 것으로 판단된다.