• ALGAE
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.269-278
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• 2018

Ocean warming can have significant negative impacts on population genetic diversity, local endemism and geographical distribution of a wide range of marine organisms. Thus, the identification of conservation units with high risk of extinction becomes an imperative task to assess, monitor, and manage marine biodiversity for policy-makers. Here, we surveyed population structure and genetic variation of the red seaweed Gracilaria vermiculophylla along the coast of China using genome-based amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) scanning. Regardless of analysis methods used, AFLP consistently revealed a south to north genetic isolation. Populations at the southern coast of China showed unique genetic variation and much greater allelic richness, heterozygosity, and average genetic diversity than the northern. In particular, we identified a geographical barrier that may hinder genetic exchange between the two lineages. Consequently, the characterized genetic lineage at the southern coast of China likely resulted from the interplay of post-glacial persistence of ancestral diversity, geographical isolation and local adaptation. In particular, the southern populations are indispensable components to explore evolutionary genetics and historical biogeography of G. vermiculophylla in the northwestern Pacific, and the unique diversity also has important conservation value in terms of projected climate warming.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.102 no.1
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• pp.156-160
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• 2013

Global warming affects terrestrial ecosystem productivity including photosynthesis and plant growth. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of experimental warming on chlorophyll contents and net photosynthetic rate of Quercus variabilis Blume seedlings. One-year-old Q. variabilis seedlings were planted in control and warmed plots in April 2010. The air temperature of warmed plots was increased by $3^{\circ}C$ compared to control plots using the infrared lamp from November 2010. Total chlorophyll contents were higher in warmed plots than those in control plots in May, July, August, September and October, 2012, however, the differences were statistically significant only in October. Net photosynthetic rates were also higher in warmed plots than those in control plots in May (57.0%), September (21.4%), and October (89.6%), however, the differences were significant only in May and October. Higher chlorophyll contents and net photosynthetic rate of warmed plots in spring and fall might be related to the extended growing season length.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.350-356
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• 2020

Purpose: This study is a non-equilibrium control-like experimental study that attempts to develop a nursing intervention plan and to present basic data by grasping the effect of the heating therapy nursing intervention program on patients entering the recovery room after surgery. Method: The subjects of the study were 31 in an experimental group and 31 in a control group who applied one heating therapy program located in D city. The warming therapy was conducted in a recovery room in the range of 38 to 43℃ through a heater. The general characteristics of the subjects were determined by real number and percentage, and a homogeneity test between the experimental group and the control group was determined by 𝑥²-test and independent t-test. The difference in body temperature, pain, and tremor over time between the two groups was determined by repeated measure ANOVA. Results: First, the results of repeated measurements immediately after surgery showed significant differences in body temperature, pain, and tremor between the two groups. Second, temperature comfort showed a significant difference. Conclusion: The results confirmed that there was a positive effect on the patient in the intervention of warming therapy after surgery.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.9-17
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• 2016

Climate change affects plant responses on physiological characteristics and growth, and Pinus densiflora, one of the major tree species in Korea, are expected to be particularly vulnerable to rising temperature and increased precipitation. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of an open-field warming and precipitation manipulation on physiological characteristics and growth of P. densiflora seedlings. Seedlings of 2-year-old P. densiflora were planted in April, 2013, in open-field nursery located at Korea University. The air temperature of warmed plots had been set to be $3^{\circ}C$ higher than the control plots using infrared lamps. Precipitation was manipulated to be 30% lower or higher than the control, using transparent panels and drip irrigation. Net photosynthetic rate, total chlorophyll content, seedling height, root collar diameter and biomass were measured from April, 2014 to April, 2015. The increase in new shoot biomass from warming was statistically significant, with the biomass in warmed plots about 2-fold higher than in the control plots in 2014 and 2015. This result might be related to advanced bud burst and increased occurrence of abnormal new shoots in warmed plots. Meanwhile, the results of net photosynthetic rate, total chlorophyll content, seedling height, root collar diameter and total biomass from warming and precipitation manipulation were not statistically significant, but tendencies of lower net photosynthetic rate and higher seedling height and biomass in warmed plots compared to the control were shown. Such might be speculated as results of the extended growth period. When root to shoot (R/S) ratio was calculated from the biomass data obtained in April 2014 and April 2015, increased R/S ratio was observed regardless of the treatments applied. Drought tolerance of P. densiflora and particularly low annual precipitation observed in 2014 were suggested as the possible reasons.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.149-160
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• 2012

This study examined the effects of reflective writing activities utilizing environmental related mass media. Two classes participated as an experimental group (n=31) and a control group (n=30). Both groups of students learned five different topics on environment, such as diversity of ecosystem, global warming, desertification, reduction of the amount of carbon, and eco-friendly behavior. The experimental group students was taught utilizing mass media about each topic and had opportunities of reflective writing about each topic, while the control group of students was taught through lectures. The results indicated that students in the experimental group represented significantly better scores on environmental worldview, environmental sensitivity, and eco-friendly behavior compared to the control group students (p<.01).

• Journal of ILASS-Korea
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.203-209
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• 2017

The International maritime organization(IMO), in an effort to slow down the global warming, proposes reduction in ship's speed as a way to lower the rate emissions from ships. In addition, since ship's fuel cost have been increased, the shipping volumes, fuel-saving technology are being required urgently. Therefore, in this present study, a method of reducing the fuel cost that can improve the performance of the diesel engine was tried by introducing a predetermined amount (0.1~0.3% of the mass amount of fuel used) of hydrogen fuel additive. The experimental conditions of the test engine were 1500rpm and torque BMEP-10b ar. The engine performances (power output, fuel consumption rate, p-max, exhaust temperature) were compared before and after addition of hydrogen fuel additives. This experimental study confirmed reducing at least 2% fuel consumption and 2.19% NOx emission.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.37-44
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• 2012

Natural disasters such as hurricanes, floods frequently occurs in the world. The cause of the natural disasters that occurs due to global warming because of increasing of global greenhouse gas emissions. To prevent the global warming, lots of researchers are studying renewable energy area. In order to protect grobal warming, government is trying to reduce green gas emissions under "Low Carbon Green Growth Policy" and investing climiate-friendly industries such as renewable energy harvesting. Research team is developing a renewable energy system that harvests mechanical energy imparted to road from driving vehicles and generates it into renewable electricity. This paper presents the research results of size effect of the piezoelectric ceramic and connection of piezoelectric ceramics. Power characteristics of piezoelectric ceramic as function of experimental variables were measured and analyzed.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.51-59
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• 1987

The present experiments have been bone to verify the effects of the warming rate and the degenerated blastomere(s) on further development of the frozen and thawed 4- and 8-cell mouse embryos. The embryos obtained from the mouse superovulated and mated were frozen in the solution of 15M DMSO in PBS containing 10% FCS at a slowly cooling rate($0.3^{\circ}C/min$). Two methods of warming slowly($8^{\circ}C/min$) and quickly ($450^{\circ}C/min$) were applied for thawing embryos. The thawed embryos were grouped according to the number of healthy blastomere(s) in the embryos. Some of the embryos were eliminated their degenerated blastomere(s) by means of a micromanipulation technique. The embryos were examined their developmental phases after 48 or 72 hrs incubation. The rates of blastocyst development from the frozen and thawed 4- and 8-cell embryos were 72.7% and 73.5%, respectively in case of thawing slowly, and were 78.9% and 80.0%, respectively in case of thawing quickly. The rate in case of thawing quickly was significantly higher than that in case of thawing slowly. The rates of blastocyst development from the frozen and thawed 4- and 8-cell embryos eliminated their degenerated blastomere(s) increased 5.9% and 24.4%, respectively compared with those of control groups not eliminated. The more number of degenerated blastomere(s) were eliminated from the embryos, the higher rate of blastocyst development was shown. It may be concluded from the results that the quickly thawing method is better for increasing survival rate than the slowly thawing one, and that the degenerated blastomere(s) in the frozen and thawed embryos affects as an interfering factor for further development of the embryos.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1996.05a
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• pp.131-136
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• 1996

The numerical method for the flow field of a gas atomization process is presented. For the analysis of the compressible supersonic jet flow of a gas. an axisymmetric Navier-Stokes equations are solved using a LU-factored upwind method. The MUSCL type TVD scheme is used for the discretization of inviscid flux, whereas Steger-Warming splitting and LU factorization is applied to the implicit operator. For the validation of the present method, we computed the flow field around the simple gas atomizer proposed by Issac. The numerical results has shown excellent agreement with the experimental data.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2023.11a
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• pp.79-80
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• 2023

After the Second Industrial Revolution, as global warming caused by environmental issues has intensified, the CO₂ emissions from the cement industry have become an urgent challenge. Therefore, this study aimed to reduce and utilize CO₂ emissions by using CO₂-reducing Calcium Silicate Cement.