• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.477-480
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• 2010

Advances in research and medical and supportive care have contributed to a growing population of adults formerly treated for childhood cancer. History of cancer and its therapy can have significant life-long health implications. Late effects of cancer therapy can be insidious on onset, occur outside the pediatric age, and contribute to premature morbidity and mortality. In this review, I have focused on the key long-term effects of pediatric cancer therapy, particularly on the metabolic syndrome, including cardiopulmonary complications, infertility, and secondary neoplasm.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.345-351
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• 2000

Objective: Hatching of the blastocyst from the zona pellucida (ZP) is a key event in mammalian implantation. In vivo, two factors have been identified as possible mediators of hatching: lysis of the ZP by substances elaborated either from the embryo or female reproductive tract and pressure exerted on the zona by expansion of the blastocyst. Two methods of zona manipulation were already in use to enhance the ability of embryos to hatch: mechanical PZD and chemical ZD by acidic Tyrode's solution. But several controversies of each method have been reported. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of pronase for mouse embryo hatching. Methods: Mouse embryos were obtained following ovulation induction of $F_1$ animals. Fresh and cryo-thawed morula embryos were exposed to 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 5.0 ${\mu}g/ml$ pronase in Ham's F10 for 72 hrs. Main outcome measures were the rates of partial hatching and completely hatched blastocysts, and cell number of it. Results: In fresh and cryo-thawed group, the rates of completely hatched blastocyst were significantly higher in 5 ${\mu}g/ml$ pronase treatment group than control group. There was no difference in completely hatched blastocyst total cell number between pronase treatment group and control group. This suggest that pronase treatment did not harmful in mouse embryo development. In pronase treatment group, zona pellucida were thinner than control group. Conclusion: The addition of pronase to culture media may accelerate the hatching of embryo. So, enzymatic treatment of the zona may provide a valuable and effective assisted hatching technique for human in-vitro fertilization-embryo transfer.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.36-63
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• 1976

1974년(年) 천연(天然)소나무집단(集團)에 대한 유전적변이(遺傳的變異)를 분석(分析)하고져 먼저 경북(慶北) 청송군(靑松郡) 소재(所在) 주왕산(周王山)소나무림(林), 충남(忠南) 서산군(瑞山郡) 소재(所在) 안면도(安眠島) 소나무림(林), 그리고 강원도(江原道) 평창군(平昌郡) 소재(所在) 소나무림(林)을 대상(對象)으로하여 각(各) 집단(集團)에서 되도록 소면적(小面積)의 범위내(範圍內)에 서있는 소나무 개체(個體)를 각(各) 20주(株)씩 총 60주(株)를 택(擇)하여 그 모수(母樹)에 대한 형태학적(形態學的) 특성(特性)등을 조사측정(調査測定)하고 집단간(集團間)에 보이는 차이(差異) 그리고 한 집단내(集團內)에 있는 각개체수목(各個體樹木)의 형질(形質)을 조사보고(調査報告)한바 있다(제일보고문(第一報論文). 1974년(年) 가을에 가계별(家系別)로 종자(種字)을 채취(採取)하여서 가계별(家系別) 및 산지별(産地別)의 차이(差異)를 분석(分析)하고 동시(同時)에 그 종자(種字)를 파종하여서 1-0묘(苗) 및 1-1묘(苗)를 대상(對象)으로 생장인자(生長因子)에 대한 측정(測定)을 하고 그 유전력(遺傳力)을 계산(計算)해 보았다. 그밖에 엽록소함량(葉綠素含量) 또는 monoterpene등의 함량(含量)의 차이(差異)를 분석(分析)해 보았다. 종자(種字)의 형태학적(形態學的) 특성(特性)에 있어서는 집단간(集團間) 또 가계간(家系間)에 유의차(有意差)를 보이지 않는 것도 있었으나 대체(大體)로 유의차(有意差)가 인정(認定)되었다. 그리고 각형질간(各形質間)의 상관(相關)을 보았는데 구과폭(毬果幅)과 종자익(種字翼)의 폭(幅), 구과장(毬果長)과 종자익(種字翼)의 길이간(間), 그리고 구과(毬果) 생중량(生重量)과 종자중량간(種字重量間)에는 정(正)의 상관(相關)이 보였다. 묘고(苗高)와 근원경(根元徑)의 성장(成長)에 있어서는 가계간(家系間) 그리고 집단간(集團間)에 차이(差異)가 인정되었다. 묘고(苗高)의 유전력(遺傳力)은 집단(集團)의 평균치(平均値)를 가지고 분석(分析)하였다. 즉 집단(集團)에 관계(關係)되는 분산(分散)을 유전분산(遺傳分散)으로 보고서 유전력(遺傳力)을 계산(計算)해 보았는데 1-0묘(苗)의 묘고(苗高)에서는 0.29, 1-1묘(苗)에서는 0.14가 그리고 근원경(根元徑)에 있어서는 1-0묘(苗)는 0.15, 1-1묘(苗)에서는 0.06이였다. 기공열수(氣孔列數)에 있어서는 집단간차이(集團間差異)가 있었으나 거치밀도(鋸齒密度)에는 차이(差異)가 없었다. 침엽(針葉)의 특성(特性)에 관(關)해서는 모수(母樹)와 차대간(次代間)에 상관(相關)이 없었다. 엽록소함량(葉綠素含量)은 집단간차이(集團間差異)는 보였으나 가계간차이(家系間差異)는 없었다. monoterpene의 성분(成分)에 있어서는 myrcene과 ${\beta}$-phellandrene의 함량(含量)으로 집단차(集團差)를 볼 수 있었다.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.311-319
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• 2009

목 적: 인간 배아줄기세포 (human embryonic stem cells; hESCs)는 미분화 상태로 무한 증식할 수 있는 자가 증식(self-renewal) 능력과 인체의 모든 세포로 분화할 수 있는 전분화능 (pluripotency)의 특징을 가진 세포로, 손상된 세포를 건강한 세포로 대체하고자 하는 세포치료 (cell therapy) 연구에 활용하기 위한 세포 공급원 (cell source)으로 제시되고 있다. 그러나 인간 배아줄기세포는 확립된 초기에 세포를 안정적으로 배양하고 유지하는 과정이 쉽지 않으며, 특히 동결보존되어 있던 세포를 해동한 후 배양할 때 자연 발생적 분화가 높기 때문에 세포주의 유지에 많은 어려움이 따른다. 본 연구에서는 동결보존되어 있던 초기 계대의 인간 배아줄기세포를 해동하여 다시 배양할 때 자연 발생적 분화 부분을 기계적 분리 방법으로 제거하여 미분화 상태의 세포를 보다 빠르게 확보하기 위한 효율적인 방법에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법: 인간 배아줄기세포를 계대 배양한지 4일이 되는 날, 50% 이상의 자연 발생적 분화가 나타난 세포군에서 분화된 부분만을 절개용 유리 피펫 (drawn-out dissecting pasture pipette)을 사용하여 기계적인 방법으로 제거하였다. 이후 지속적으로 배양액을 교환해 주며 세포군의 제거된 부분을 7일째 되는 날까지 관찰하였다. 결 과: 기계적 분리 방법을 사용하여 인간 배아줄기세포의 자연 발생적인 분화 부분을 제거한 빈 공간에 미분화상태의 인간 배아줄기세포가 분열하여 채워지는 것을 관찰하였다. 또한, 이 실험 방법을 연속 두 번 적용하여 배양했을 때 미분화 세포로 회복되는 세포군의 비율이 조금 더 높아지는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 결 론: 동결되어 있던 초기 계대 인간 배아줄기세포의 해동 후, 자연 발생적 분화에 의해 미분화 상태를 유지하는 세포의 수가 적어 계대를 유지 하기가 어려울 때 이와 같은 기계적 분리 방법을 사용하여 자연 발생적 분화 부분을 제거한 후 배양을 지속하는 것이 단기간 내에 미분화 상태를 유지하는 인간 배아줄기세포의 양적 확보를 위한 효율적인 방법이라고 사료된다.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈D:수학교육연구
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.99-118
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• 2013

The present study focuses on the contribution of a teaching unit to the development of spatial ability of third graders in general and from a gender point of view in particular. The research population consisted of seventy-four pupils: thirty-seven pupils in the experimental group who attended the teaching unit and thirty-seven pupils in the control group. The spatial ability of all the pupils was examined by means of common tests which checked cognitive capabilities of spatial ability. The research findings illustrate an improvement in the spatial ability of the experimental group pupils following the participation in the teaching unit. Moreover, regarding the gender aspect, the findings show that there was no significant differentiation between the spatial ability of third grade boys and the spatial ability of girls of the same age group.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.469-474
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• 2000

The traffic accidents in large cities such as Pusan metropolitan city have been increased every year due to increasing of vehicles numbers as well as the gravitation of the population. In addition to the carelessness of drivers, many meteorological factors have a great influence on the traffic accidents. Especially, the number of traffic accidents is governed by precipitation, visibility, cloud amounts temperature, etc. In this study, we have analyzed various data of meteorological factors from 1992 to 1997 and determined the standardized values for contributing to each traffic accident. Using the relationship between meteorological factors(visibility, precipitation, relative humidity and cloud amounts) and the total automobile mishaps, and experimental prediction formula for their traffic accident rates was seasonally obtained at Pusan city in 1997. Therefore, these prediction formulas at each meteorological factor may by used to predict the seasonal traffic accident numbers and contributed to estimate the variation of its value according to the weather condition it Pusan city.

• 동서간호학연구지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.40-46
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• 2012

Purpose: This research aimed to acquire the trends of Korean nursing research on Sasang constitutional theory. Methods: Total of 25 research articles selected from 17 nursing journals published in Korea since 1990. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics. Results: Experimental studies preferred to non-experimental research design. The subjects were mostly adult or geriatric population. Most frequently used intervention was diet based on Sasang constitutional theory, and health-related factors were most frequently used as variables. Conclusion: The Sasang constitutional theory considers personal differences important, so it may be suitable for individually tailored nursing care. Therefore, continuous nursing studies using interventions based on Sasang constitutional theory are needed to establish it as one of evidence-based nursing interventions.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제4권5호
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• pp.527-555
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• 2013

This paper proposes probabilistic models for estimating the seismic demands on reinforced concrete (RC) bridges with base isolation. The models consider the shear and deformation demands on the bridge columns and the deformation demand on the isolation devices. An experimental design is used to generate a population of bridges based on the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications (AASHTO 2007) and the Caltrans' Seismic Design Criteria (Caltrans 1999). Ground motion records are used for time history analysis of each bridge to develop probabilistic models that are practical and are able to account for the uncertainties and biases in the current, common deterministic model. As application of the developed probabilistic models, a simple method is provided to determine the fragility of bridges. This work facilitates the reliability-based design for this type of bridges and contributes to the transition from limit state design to performance-based design.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제16권3호통권106호
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• pp.193-195
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• 1978

The author observed the effect of x-ray irradiation on the tooth germ development of the rat fetuses. The lower right abdomen of the pregnant rats were exposed to x-ray irradiation (400 rads) on 9½th day of qestation. At 18½th day of qestation, the fetuses were removed from their mothers and histological sections of molar region were prepared. The results were as folows: 1. In the experimental fetuses, no significant changes appeared in the histological aspects of the enamel pulp, except the poor development of the innerenamel epithelium in the cusp region. 2. Pulp cells of cusp region in the irradiated fetuses were not differentiated to odontoblasts, The arrangement and population of pulp cells showed marked regional differences in the dental papilla. 3. Developmental features of dental follicle of irradiated fetuses were similar with controls.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• 제19권3E호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2000

The main question addressed in this research was whether an adaptation of a standard exercise Physiology Procedure would be sensitive enough to record excess oxygen uptake associated with speech activity. Oxygen consumption was recorded for a single subject during 7-minute rest periods and an automatic speech task, also 7-minutes long and performed at three different vocal efforts. The data show measurable and systematic speech-induced modifications of breathing and oxygen uptake patterns. The subject was found to use less power for normal than for soft and loud speech. This result is similar to findings reported by experimental biologists on the energetics of locomotion. However, more comprehensive feasibility studies need to be undertaken on a larger population before solid and detailed conclusions about speech energy costs are possible. However, it appears clear that, for experimental tasks like the present one, i.e., variations in vocal effort, standard exercise physiology methods may indeed offer a viable approach to recording excess oxygen uptake associated with speech movements.