• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.18 no.6 s.61
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• pp.22-28
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• 2004

A mathematical model has been developed to evaluate the capability of sea water exchanges under tidal and diffusive environments and has been verified through comparison with numerical experiments. From the mathematical analysis, this study presents the rates of sea water exchanges due to the tidal inflow and diffusion process. The port characteristic length $L_p$ is the most significant evaluation index.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.515-533
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• 2012

Industrial cluster is adopted as a key policy for the development of regional and national economies in many developed or under-developing countries. The industrial cluster is basically concerned with knowledge sharing and exchanges among diverse functions such as firms, research institutions, and universities in a regional or innovation-network context. Therefore, activities to promote knowledge sharing and exchanges in an industrial cluster become very important activities to reach to the original purpose of an industrial cluster. In this study, factors affecting performance of those activities to promote knowledge sharing and exchanges in an industrial cluster are defined and the effects are examined through empirical study. For this research, surveys on enterprisers and employees in industrial cluster were conducted and statistical analysis methods such as correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis, and canonical correlation analysis were adopted for analyses.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.240-257
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• 2012

Regional innovation cluster is closely related to promoting innovations through activities for knowledge sharing and exchanges among organizations in an adjacent regional context. However, performance of activities for knowledge sharing and exchanges are basically influenced by cultural characteristics of the industries or regions where the organization belongs to. Therefore, knowledge management strategies in a unit of a regional cluster need to consider the cultural characteristics of an industry or region and in turn different activities need to be adopted according to cultural characteristics. This study explores the relationship between cultural differences and the performance of the activities to promote knowledge exchanges in a regional innovation cluster. For this study, factors reflecting cultural characteristics of diverse industries and regions were extracted and the relationships with the performance of the activities promoting inter-organizational knowledge exchanges were analyzed through statistical method.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.37-51
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• 2004

Many B2B electronic markets (EMs) are struggling to survive because they failed to attract enough participants. Thus reaching critical mass of participants is one of the key success factors for various types of EMs. The main purpose of this study is to investigate factors that lead MRO (maintenance, repair, and operating) suppliers to participate in private exchanges (PE), the buy-side EM. This paper introduces the characteristics of the PE according to the classification schemes introduced in previous studies about EM types. Literature is reviewed on suppliers' adoption of inter-organizational information systems focusing on EDI adoptions issues. Data analysis based on incomplete contract theory and the social exchange theory is then presented. The results of this study show that the number of suppliers and subsidy are factors that influence suppliers' participation in PEs. Nonsignificant results relating to trust imply that suppliers who are invited to participate in a PE do not expect their off-line relationships with the buyer to be transferred to the PE.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.135-161
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• 2020

With the growth of blockchain and cryptocurrency-related markets, cryptocurrency exchanges are growing as a new industry. However, as the legal and regulatory definitions of cryptocurrencies are still in progress, unlike existing industrial groups, they are not under the supervision of regulatory agencies. As a result, users (i.e., cryptocurrency investors) have suffered two types of damage that could occur from hacking and other accidents on the exchanges. One type of the damage is the loss of assets caused by the extortion of personal information or account and the other is the damage from users who might be involved in external frauds. Both are analyzed in comparison with existing operators whose functions are like the exchanges. The results of this study show that membership (KYC: Know Your Client), log-in, and additional authentication in transactions are on the similar level to those of the operators while the fraud detection system (FDS) and anti-money laundering (AML) of fiat currencies and cryptocurrencies need rapid improvement.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.27 no.7
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• pp.740-751
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• 1994

Sister chromatid exchanges(SCE) in peripheral lymphocytes is recently used as a biomarker for increased cytogenetic damage in smokers. The purpose of the investigation was to determine if there were any relationships between dietary factors and their DNA damage as measured by SCE test in a group of 62 male cigarette smokers and 36 non-smokers. As expected, smokers as compared with non-smokers had high SCE levels (10.59$\pm$0.21 versus 9.23$\pm$0.17 SCE/lymphocytes ; p<0.05). No significant relationships were observed between SCEs and age in smokers and non-smokers. In smokers, SCEs were negatively correlated with egg frequency score(r=-0.336) and total food frequency scores(r=-0.283). In non-smokers, SCEs were positively correlated with white vegetable frequency score(r=0.333) and instant food frequency score(r=0.382). There was a positive association between SCEs and the history of coffee intake of smokers(r=0.318). SCE frequency was not influenced by any other dietary factors considered ; dietary diversity and quality scores, alcohol consumption, use of processed foods and intake of burned food. No significant relationships were found between SCEs and serum cholesterol or other hematological parameters of the subjects. These results indicate that increased egg frequency score, total food frequency score which reflects dietary quality, and decreased coffee intake may reduce cancer risk by preventing smoking-induced DNA damage as reflected by sister chromatid exchanges in human lymphocytes.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.296-300
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• 2003

A large equilibrium and kinetic data set for multi-component cation exchanges was obtained and tested with mass action law and surface complexation model. The systematic batch equilibrium and column experiments of cation adsorption were conducted for binary, ternary, quaternary, and quinary cation exchanges involving $ H^{+}, Li^ {+}, Na^{+}, NH$_4$^{+}, Mg^{2+} $ on a strongly acidic cation exchange resin IRN 77. The mass action law and surface complexation model were tested against both data set to investigate the consistency of ion selectivity and their predictability for competitive cation exchanges. Surface complexation model provided more accurate predictions for both equilibrium and kinetic experimental data than mass action model.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.81-87
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• 2002

The interaction of low density extremely low frequency magnetic field (ELF MF) in the frequency of hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) mutation induced by bleomycin and on the frequency of sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) induced by 1,2,4-benzenetriol(BT) was demonstrated. CHO cells pretreated with bleomycin or 1,2,4-benzenetriol were exposed for 24hrs to a sinusoidal 0.8mT magnetic field at 60Hz. Frequency of HPRT mutation and SCEs were determined. ELF MF exposure led to a two-fold increase of the frequency of HPRT mutation induced by bleomycin. No increase of mutation frequency was observed by ELF MF alone ELF MF also increased the frequency of SCEs induced by BT while no Increase of SCE frequencies were observed by ELF MF alone. These results suggest that low density ELF MF field would art as an enhancer rather than as an initiator of mutagenic effects in CHO cell.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.55-62
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• 2015

For the last 10 years, there were also a lot of exchanges and cooperations between North and South Korea's local governments. Dealing with these exchanges more systematically, local governments had issued many regulations. But in the law level, the current laws regulating exchanges and cooperations between North and South Korea lacked care in the role of local governments in the course of Korea reunification. Therefore, it is necessary to redesign the legal system to support and promote the role of local governments in unification affairs. The purpose of this study is to seek answers to a question how the Inter-Korea forest cooperation project effect on regional economy compared with other forest sectors. Results of this study proved that Inter-Korea forest cooperation project effects on regional economy positively as 'plus investment', not negatively. Forest cooperation project will be resolve Inter-Korea conflicts more peacefully. So government should be supported continuously in the long run in order to raise the performance.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.1788-1793
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• 2008

Classical molecular dynamics simulations (MDS) were conducted to simulate nano-sized cluster collisions with a weakly attractive static surface. Energy exchanges associated with the cluster collision and the adhesion probability are discussed. Routes of the energy exchanges and the kinetic energy loss are vastly altered in their mode according to the cluster incident velocity. In the elastic collision regime ($V_0$<0.1), most incident kinetic energy is recovered into the rebounding kinetic energy, but a little loss in the incident kinetic energy causes the cluster adhesion. Dissipated kinetic energy is converted into the rotational energy. In the weakly plastic collision regime (0.1<$V_0$<0.3), the transition from elastic to plastic collision occurs, and a large part of the released potential energy is converted into rebounding translational energy. For strongly plastic collisions ($V_0$>0.3), permanent cluster deformation occurs with extensive collapse of the lattice structure inducing a solid-to-solid phase transition; moreover, most of the cluster kinetic energy is converted into cluster potential and thermal energy.