• 중국학논총
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• no.63
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• pp.343-362
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• 2019

During the traditional periods when there were exchanges among Korea, China and Japan based on ocean currents or seasonal winds, the southwestern coastal areas including Yeosu held an important position since the route would not have been complete without them. Armed with its advantages including the marine environment, the Yeosu area in the southwestern coast on the Korean Peninsula engage in active maritime exchanges and activities as a base along the sea route since the Neolithic or Bronze Age. It was the same later when Baekje and Gaya had exchanges with China and Japan, when Unified Silla had exchanges with China, and when Goryeo had exchanges with China and Japan. In Joseon, the Yeosu area gained fame as a marine defense base. In short, the Yeosu area in the southwestern coast on the Korean Peninsula during the traditional periods not only engage in active maritime exchanges and activities, but also serve as an important base that could not be left out in the maritime history of East Asia.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.77-81
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• 1996

The present experiment was carried out to examine the mechanism of cytotoxicity of Chromium in CHO cells. Chromium induced chromosomal aberrations in a dose-dependent manner. The most frequent type of aberration was chromatid deletions and chromosome type exchanges were also observed. Ultrafiltrates of culture media from CHO cells treated with Chromium induced sister chromatid exchanges(SCE) in CHO cells and Chromium induced lipid peroxidation. It was suggested that indirect effect through formation of clastogenic factor(CF) as well as direct effect on DNA might contribute to the cytotoxicity of Chromium.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.67-76
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• 1995

The frequencies of chromosome aberrations and sister chromatid-exchanges in peripheral blood lymphocyte of 44 nurses handling anticancer drugs were compared with those in 44 age-match controls. The frequencies of dicentric chrdmosome were $2.4\times 10^{-3}$ in the exposed and $0.5\times 10^{-3}$ in the control. The frequencies of sister cromatid exchanges in the exposed were slightly higher (5.68 SCEs/cell) than those in the control (5.04 SCEs/cell). The frequencies of chromosome aberrations and sister cromatid exchanges were not associated with duration of drug handling and types of anticancer drugs, but associated with use of safety cover.

• 중국학논총
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• no.61
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• pp.223-239
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• 2019

Northeast Asian relations have been dominated by competitions rather than cooperation. Nevertheless, since the end of the Cold War, interchanges among South Korea, China, and Japan's local governments have been increasing rapidly. Why local governments of the three Northeast Asian states have maintained constant exchanges despite the sluggish cooperation of their central governments? What effects and limitations of exchanges among local governments in Northeast Asia on regional peace? The results of research show that effects of Northeast Asian local governments on regional peace is complicated. The study indicated that the local governments' exchanges had certain limitations in constructing the regional peace as an independent factor. However, it is also certain that the local governments' exchanges have contributed to the Northeast Asian peace, to some extent, by playing a complementary role in maintaining cooperation in local level.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.63-69
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• 2021

Background: This study aimed to identify the role of dental hygienists in exchanges between North and South Korea to lower gaps in the level of dental healthcare between the two countries by conducting a Delphi survey with specialists and identifying alternative policies regarding the utilization of dental hygienists in such exchanges. Methods: Two Delphi surveys were conducted with the participation of nine specialists, and descriptive statistical analyses including mean and standard deviation were performed on the collected data. Results: Among methods of exchange and cooperation regarding oral healthcare under the current North Korean medical system, the issue considered most urgent was the "establishment of oral healthcare infrastructure." The most important short-term strategy was identified as the "selection and formation of partnerships in the field of inter-Korean oral health exchange and cooperation." The mid-term strategy was identified as the "establishment of cooperation in the dental industry, centered on educational cooperation projects." The long-term strategy included "joint R&D projects, oral health surveys, and business development." In order to determine how best to use dental hygienists during inter-Korean exchanges and cooperation, the respondents placed urgency on the "establishment of joint cooperation projects for oral health promotion and early examination and the treatment of dental diseases and planning of community research projects" and "the role of oral health education and media development for residents." Conclusion: Cooperation is necessary regarding the preparation of oral healthcare exchanges that aim to encourage unity between North and South Korea and reduce the gaps between the North and South regarding oral health conditions. Therefore, continuous and reasonable discussions and research are needed regarding the utilization of dental hygienists in such exchanges.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.305-308
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• 1998

This document introduces MPC(Multiple Point Code) capabilities which has been implemented in the TDX-series exchanges as well as LGIC"s exchanges and describes the interaction with domestic CCS7 specifications. Additionally, this document introduces MPC capabilities used in American signalling networks and reviews the general usability of MPC. MPC.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.213-217
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• 2008

Since at least the late 12th century, medical herbs grown naturally or cultivated in Korea have been referred to as 'HyangYak'(鄕藥, $Xi\bar{a}ngY\grave{a}o$). Herbs from other countries are referred to as 'DangYak'(唐藥, $D\bar{a}ngY\grave{a}o$). Some senior historians claim medicines made solely from HyangYak are purely Korean, since they originated and were developed fully within Korea. However, these localized medicines became abundant as the result of exchanges between Korea and other countries. Originally published in 1433, 'HyangYakJipSungBang' is the authoritative result of earlier writings of medical books using HyangYak. Comprised of a total of 85 volumes, it was large in scale and divided into three main sections: 1) a detailed description of the 703 kinds of HyangYak, 2) explanations of the 10,706 different herbal formulae and 959 types of symptoms or diseases, and 3) descriptions of the 1,416 various acupuncture and moxibustion formulae. It's noted that 'HyangYakJipSungBang' was not written all at once. In the process of its writing, the number of formulae increased through medical exchanges between Korea and China during the 15th century.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.23 no.2 s.30
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• pp.178-184
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• 1990

In order to examine the mutagenicity of cadmium dichloride the author studied the induction of sister chromatid exchanges in chinese hamster ovary $K_1$ cells which treated with cadmium dichloride at various concentrations. The results obtained were as follows : 1. In cells treated with $10^{-4}M$ cadmium dichloride, a small number of cells were viable but no mitosis was bound. 2. The frequencies of sister chromatid exchanges in cells treated with $10^{-5}M\;and\;10^{-6}M$ cadmium dichloride as $10.7{\pm}1.9\;and\;8.3{\pm}2.1$, respectively, were significantly increased for control ($6.0{\pm}2.3$). (P<0.05). 3. There were dose-dependent relationship between the concentration of cadmium dichloride and frequency of sister chromatid exchanges in cells treated with cadmium dichloride at concentration ranging from $10^{-5}\;to\;10^{-7}M$.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.1-7
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• 2004

It is necessary for starting voltage to him on high pressure discharge lamp. This starting voltage supply to high pressure sodium vapor lamp as electric discharge lamp, Electric field is producted in Electric discharge tube, So accelerative electron collide against vapour atom and second electron is generated, And rapidly the current flow to Electric discharge tube. This paper showed that the life cycle and exchanges time for all electric discharge lamp was different according to each manufactures, This paper is proposed the evaluating algorithm of exchanges time for high pressure sodium vapor lamp, used LabVIEW software package.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.73-80
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• 2010

This study aims at providing necessary resources in developing the sustainable project of the exchanges between cities and rural areas in Korea. And so I investigated and analyzed the model of the Setagaya Ward and the Gawaba Village in Japan, which has successively continued the exchanges between city and rural areas for thirty years, with the documentation, field work, interviews and field investigation. The two local autonomous entities have promoted the project of the exchanges between cities and rural areas by keeping in touch with a making the second home and linking agriculture with sightseeing. They passed an agreement of mutual help and established regulations to push forward the agreement in order to carry out the agreement. And they have operated a section which will do nothing but focus on this, established a management company which takes charge of the stronghold facilities of the exchange between city and rural areas, operated a caucus to examine the project steadily and to develop new programs, and made a publicity work continually for thirty years. In conclusion, I think we should promote the joint capital stronghold facilities of the exchange between city and rural areas which is based upon the agreements. And we should promote the infrastructure like a management company which takes charge of the facilities and build the proper foundation which can develop the various programs for the exchange between city and rural areas and operate them.