• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.566-574
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• 2021

This research was carried out to investigate the correlation between soil chemical properties and bioactive compounds of Acer tegmentosum Maxim. The methods of determining bioactive compounds were determined by high performance liquid chromatography, that contained (-)-gallocatechin (0.04±0.01 ~ 0.43±0.28%), salidroside (0.90±0.06 ~ 3.86±0.59%), tyrosol (0.03±0.00 ~ 0.43±0.00%), (-)-catechin (0.05±0.01 ~ 0.37±0.14%), 6'-O-galloylsalidroside (0.02± 0.01 ~ 0.31±0.06%), (-)-epicatechin-gallate (0.01±0.00 ~ 0.04±0.01%). The soil chemical properties analysis such as soil pH, electric conductivity (EC), organic matter (OM), total nitrogen (TN), available phosphate (Avail. P₂O₅), exchangeable cation and cation exchange capacity (CEC) were performed following the standard manual. The correlation analysis between soil chemical properties and bioactive compounds of A. tegmentosum, soil pH, available phosphate and exchangeable cation (Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺) were negatively correlated with content of salidroside. On the other hand, soil exchangeable cation (Na⁺) showed positive correlation with content of salidroside. The results of this study was able to investigate the correlation between soil chemical properties and bioactive compounds of A. tegmentosum.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제96권1호
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• pp.14-20
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• 2007

구상나무의 스트레스 적응능력을 보여주는 항산화효소활성, 건전개체와 쇠약한 개체의 토양의 물리화학적 특성을 알아보기 위하여 윗세오름, 영실 그리고 성판악(진달래밭)지역의 건전개체와 쇠퇴개체를 조사 분석하였다. 항산화효소활성으로는 Ascorbate peroxidase(APX)와 Glutathione Reductase(GR)를, 토양특성으로는 토성, pH, 유기물함량, 전 질소함량, 유효인산, 양이온치환용량, 양이온의 함량을 분석하였고, 구상나무 잎을 채취하여 식물체의 양분함량을 분석하였다. APX, GR 효소 활성에 있어서 건전개체와 쇠약한 개체 사이에는 큰 차이가 없었으나, 계절적으로 6월과 8월에 비해 9월의 항산화효소 활성도가 낮게 나타났다. 토양분석 결과 유기물함량, 전질소, 유효인산, 양이온치환용량, 양이온 함량이 건전개체가 있는 곳에 비해 쇠약한 개체가 있는 곳의 토양이 낮게 나타났다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.107-115
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• 2002

This study was carried out to compare artificial soil formulated by blending calcined clay and coconut peat with perlite, then to evaluate this soil as a perlite substitute for use as an artificial planting medium. To achieve this, a determination of the physico-chemical properties and it's effect on plant growth were conducted by comparing those with large perlite grains and small grains. The results are summarized as follows: 1) The bulk density was 0.41g/㎤. This density was lower than that of field soil, but higher than that of large perlite grain(0.23g/㎤) and small grain(0.25g/㎤). The porosity, field capacity, and saturated hydraulic conductivity were 71.3%, 49.2%, and 3.8$\times$10-2cm/s, respectively. The air-permeability, water holding capacity, and drainage were better than or equal to that both large and small perlite grain. 2) It was near-neutral in reaction(pH=6.6). It had a high organic carbon content(65.8g/kg) and a low available phosphoric acid content(84.7mg/kg). It was similar to crop soil in cation exchange capacity(11.4cmol/kg). It had a low exchangeable calcium content(0.71cmol/kg), a low exchangeable magnesium content(0.68cmol/kg), a high exchangeable potassium content(2.54cmol/kg), and a high exchangeable sodium content(1.12cmol/kg). Except for the exchangeable potassium and sodium content, the chemical properties were better than or equal to both large and small grain perlite. The excessive exchangeable potassium or sodium content will inhibit plant growth. 3) In Experiment 1, the plant growth tended to be higher compared to that of large and small perlite gains. But in Experiment 2, it tended to be lower. This might be linked to the excessive exchangeable potassium or sodium content. 4) It could be considered as a renewable perlite substitute for greening of artificial soil. But, it would be necessary to leach the excessive exchangeable potassium or sodium to avoid the risk of inhibiting plant growth.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.660-666
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• 2018

In order to understand the characteristics of soil according to the cultivation environment of Chinese bellflower (Platycodon grandiflorum A.), soil chemical properties of 12 collected soil samples from 6 cultivated fields in Okcheon, Chungbuk province in August. 2017 were analyzed. The soil pH was distributed within the range of 4.61 to 5.25 at all cultivation years and E.C (Electric Conductivity) and T-N (Total Nitrogen) of the cultivation year were not significant. Available $P_2O_5$ was higher than the average for medicinal crops and P. grandiflorum in Korea and C.E.C (Cation Exchange Capacity) was inconsistent for each cultivation year. In particularly, it was validated that the content of exchangeable cations K, Ca, Ma, and Na in this experiment was similar to that of C.E.C according to the cultivation years, because C.E.C had a high correlation with the exchangeable cations. For the available $P_2O_5$, as affected by trans-planting, 5Y-NT-H (cultivated 5 years and non-transplanted) had 58 mg/kg, while 5Y-T-H (cultivated 5 years and transplanted) had 246 mg/kg. The soil pH was found to be lower (acidic) in diseased soils than healthy soils. E.C was confirmed to be was higher in diseased soils than healthy soils except for the one cultivated for 2 years. The contents of T-N and available $P_2O_5$ were higher in diseased soil except for the one cultivated for 5 years and 11 years. The exchangeable cation K and Na tended to be higher in diseased soils rather than that in healthy soils, and the exchangeable cation Ca and Mg contents were higher in healthy soils than in diseased soils. The C.E.C of the soil was lower than that of healthy soils in all of the years except for the one which was cultivated for 5 years (transplanted).

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.135-142
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• 2012

염류집적 토양의 교환성 양이온을 분석할 때 수용성 양이온이 많이 존재하는 경우 교환성 양이온이 높게 측정될 수 있으므로 수용성 양이온을 제외한 교환성 양이온을 측정하여야 한다. 수용성 양이온을 제거하기 위하여 전처리 과정 중 알콜 등으로 세척을 하거나 전체 양이온을 구한 후 포화 용액 중 녹아있는 수용성 양이온을 빼는 방법이 있다. 본 실험 결과 시설재배지 토양의 경우 전처리에서 세척하는 방법을 사용해도 타당할 것으로 판단되나, Na 함량이 높은 간척지 토양은 포화용액에 녹아있는 수용성 양이온을 빼야 정확한 교환성 나트륨을 구할 수 있다고 판단되었다. 또한 $EC_e$가 4 이하인 토양에서는 수용성 양이온을 제외할 필요가 없었다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.15-25
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• 2012

Arundinaria munsuensis population were classified into Lespedeza maximowiczii dominant population and Spiraea prunifolia for. simpliciflora dominant population in the habitat of Jiri Mt. In the study sites, soil organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorous, exchangeable K, exchangeable Ca, exchangeable Mg contained, cation exchange capacity, and soil pH were ranged from 14.52~16.13%, 0.57~0.59%, 5.57~10.24 (mg/kg), 0.44~0.49 ($cmol^+/kg$), 0.62~0.92 ($cmol^+/kg$), 0.31~0.32 ($cmol^+/kg$), 28.26~32.44 ($cmol^+/kg$) and 4.33~4.48 respectively. DCCA ordination analysis showed that Lespedeza maximowiczii dominant population dwells where pH, exchangeable Ca and exchangeable Mg content are high and Spiraea prunifolia for. simpliciflora dominant population is placed where CEC, total nitrogen and organic matter content are high.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.159-168
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• 1987

Some physico-chemical properties such as surface area, moisture content, cation exchange capacity, swelling rate, pH, viscosity and liquid limit have been determined for evaluation of Cabentonite deposit occurring in four localities; Yonil, Gampo, Haseo and Pohang, in Gyeongsang-do. Montmorillonite contents can be derived from surface area measurement. Enhancement of liquid limit values and swelling volume were observed in the samples which had higher exchangeable Na ion and finer particle-size distribution. Identical results were observed even in the Na-exchanged samples. This suggests that aggregation effects have a great influence on physico-chemical properties. Aggregation of montmorillonite were controlled not only burial depth but also composition of exchangeable cation. Consequently, sample occurred in Yonil area where has the greatest burial depth in the area show somewhat lower physico-chemical properties than those of samples occurred in the other localities. However, the basic test applied in this study provides very useful preliminary information relating to its commercial potential.

• 한국토양환경학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.119-126
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• 1999

This study was carried out to estimate the effect of forest fire on physical and chemical properties of soil The forest fire was in April 1995 at Kongju of Chungnam. Soil samples were collected at 0~5cm, 5~10cm, and 10~20cm soil depths in September 1998 from the burned and unburned sites. Soil organic matter concentrations at 0~5cm and 5~10cm soil depths were significantly greater in unburned site than in burned site. Soil concentrations were greater in unburned site than in burned site at all soil depths. Cation exchange capacity was significantly higher in unburned site than in burned site at 0~5cm soil depth. There were no differences in available soil P, exchangeable soil K, Ca, and Mg, and pH of soil between burned and unburned sites. Soil water content at 0~5cm soil depth was significantly greater in unburned site than in burned site. Bulk density at 0~5cm soil depth was significantly higher in burned site than in unburned site. Forest fire had an adverse effect on physical and chemical properties of soil in this study, Burning of vegetation and forest 리oor organic matter in burned site may reduce organic matter supply to soil and increase soil erosion. Consequently, forest fire may have adverse influence on long-term site productivity.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.378-382
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• 2004

Soil pH is an important indicator for soil reactions and crop growth. pH buffer capacity and lime requirements are necessary to comprehend and manage soils well. The characteristics related with soil pH were analyzed and 5 field trials were conducted to elucidate pH buffer capacity of soil and lime requirements and liming factor for Korean acid soils. Soil minerals were analyzed for the soil of 2 years after treating $CaCO_3$ using X-ray diffraction. The amount of neutralized $H^+$ was regarded as the exchangeable aluminium overcoming ${\Delta}pH$, because pH buffer capacity of soil depended on exchangeable aluminium. Lime requirement was somewhat similar to the KCl exchangeable aluminium and it was also affected by the exchangeable cation by added lime. X-ray diffraction analyses revealed that an aluminium dissociation from Korean acid soils was equilibrated with kaolin minerals and changed into anorthite ($CaAl_2Si_2O_8$) by neutralizing with $CaCO_3$. Neutralizing process was composed of changing process of $Al^{3+}$ into $H^+$ and $Al(OH)_4{^-}$ ionic species and of neutralizing $H^+$ by, the amount of which was lime requirement. The fact that anorthite dissociates an aluminium ion higher than kaolinite does enabled to consider a liming factor (LF) the content of exchangeable cation and ${\Delta}pH$, $LF=1.5+0.2{\times}{\sum} Cations{\times}{\Delta}pH$.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.295-304
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• 2009

To understand the properties of soil in Dokdo, we collected soil samples from 12 locations on Seodo and 23 locations on Dongdo, in Dokdo of Gyeongsangbuk-do Province in 2007-2008 and analyzed the soil's physical and chemical characteristics. Sand comprises the largest component (49.37%) of Dokdo soil, followed by silt (40.70%) and clay (9.93%). The soil structure consists mostly of sand loam, followed by loam and silt loam. The pH level of soils from Dokdo varied dramatically among sampling sites and seasons, ranging from 3.36 to 8.02. The total ion content of Dokdo soil also varies greatly among survey places and periods, but in general the total ion content was high in summer when vegetation develops, and low in spring. The exchangeable cation contents of the soil showed low levels in samples where the soil pH was low, including habitats dominated by Agropyron tsukushiense var. transiens and Echinochloa crus-galli, whereas the exchangeable cation contents were high where the organic contents were high, as in habitats dominated by Liriope platyphylla and Artemisia japonica subsp. littoricola. Soil N contents varied greatly among survey sites and higher N contents were found in soil inhabited by Chenopodiaceous plants than in habitats inhabited by other plants. The substantial differences in phosphorus contents among sites were related to excrement of black-tailed gulls. To understand the basic physical and chemical features of the soil on Dokdo, it will be necessary to conduct seasonal and long-term research on soil pH, ion contents, organic contents, N and P, as well as obtaining precise data from samples collected at different depths.