• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.27 no.4 s.48
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• pp.747-761
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• 1994

Workers' periodic health examination is the main tools used to manage the health problems of most workers in Korea. The most common health problem found in workers' periodic health examination is liver disorder. Liver disorder is also one of the most common health problems in general population and one of the leading causes of mortality in adult population. Regulation proposed by government (No. 207, Ministry of Labor, 1992) defines the criteria for selection of workers with the liver dysfunction for further evaluative examination and the examination items used for diagnosis of the workers with liver dysfunction. This study was designed to evaluate the proficiency of each examination items presently defined in Regulation and propose the optimal examination items for detection of the liver disorders found by workers' periodic health examination. Study subjects are 186 workers with abnormal liver function tests in screening examination of workers' periodic health examination. Questionnaire survey including past history of liver disorder, drinking history, height and weight was done. Physical examination by physician, routine test items defined by Regulation (SGOT, SGPT, $\gamma$-GTP, protein, albumin, total and direct bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, $\alpha$-feto protein, HBsAg and anti-HBs), anti-HCV antibody test and liver ultrasonography were done. Results are as follows; 1. Result of evaluative examination utilizing only the items defined in Regulation was; There were 75 workers with suspected live. disorder(40.3%), 63 with no liver dysfunction (33.9%), 13 with suspected hepatitis B(7.0%), 10 workers with hepatitis B(5.4%), 10 workers with hepatitis B carrier state(5.4%), 10 with alcoholic liver disorders(5.4%), 5 with fatty liver(2.7%). When alternative diagnostic criteria applying additional examination items (drinking history, body mass index, anti-HCV antibody and ultrasonography) diagnosability of liver disorder was increased. When all four items were included, final results were; 23 workers (17.8%) with hepatitis B (10 carriers, 13 suspects and 10 hepatitis B), 10 (5.4%) with hepatitis C(4 carriers, 5 suspects and 1 hepatitis C), 13(7.0%) with alcoholic liver disorder, 45(24.2%) with fatty liver (40 suspects, 5 fatty liver), 410%) with suspected liver disorders and 44 (23.7%) with normal liver. 2. Of examination items defined by Regulation, only SGOT, SGPT, $\gamma$-GTP and HBsAg were significantly different in abnormal rate and mean value, and all other laboratory findings did not showed significant difference between two groups. Drinking history, body mass index and anti-HCV antibody test which are the items that authors included in this study, also showed significant difference between two groups. Utilization of body mass index (BMI) for abnormal liver function group in diagnosis of fatty liver had high specificity (97.6%) but sensitivity (22.3%) was low. Therefore we suggest that SGOT, SGPT, $\gamma$-GTP, HBsAg, alcohol drinking history, BMI and anti-HCV Ab were useful for diagnosis of liver disorders among worker's periodic health examination.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.719-731
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• 2002

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify knowledge, attitude, and practice of middle-aged women breast self-examination, and to develop a breast self-examination promotion program for them. Method: The subjects of the study were 365 middle-aged women in Seoul, Busan, Daegu, Daejeon, Gyeongbok, Gyeongnam, Jeonbuk, Gangwon, and Kyonggi. The instruments used in this study included knowledge (l6items), attitude (22items) by Choi (1996) and practice (1item). The data were collected from September 15 to October 31, 2001 by using self-administered questionnaire. The data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, $x^2$ test, t-test, ANOVA and Scheffe test with SPSS program. Results: 1) 78.4% of the subjects were educated for breast self-examination. The most common source of knowledge for the breast self-examination was mess media. 2) The average score of knowledge on breast self-examination was 8.52 points. The average score of attitude toward breast self-examination was 3.08 points. 58.3% of the subjects practiced breast self-examination. But only 9.4% of the subjects practiced breast self-examination with a monthly basis. 3) Knowledge on breast self-examination was correlated with demographic variables including residence (F=2.923, p=0.004), education (F=5.145 p=0.000), number of children (F=5.125 p=0.002), family income (F=6.128 p=0.002), and menopause (t=-2.330, p= 0.020). Attitude toward breast self-examination was correlated with demographic variables including residence (F=3.611, p=0.000), age (F=2.731 p= 0.029), education (F=4.480 p=0.004), and family income (F=5.963 p=0.003). Practice of breast self-examination was correlated with demographic variables including residence ($x^2$=51.342, p=0.000), education ($x^2$=19.896, p=0.000), and menopause ($x^2$=9.841, p=0.000). 4) In terms of correlations among the scores of breast self-examination related knowledge, attitude, and practice, there was a correlation between knowledge and attitude. But there was no correlations between knowledge and practice, and between attitude and practice of breast self-examination. Conclusion: This study suggests that programs about the practice of breast self examination need to be developed in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.213-219
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• 2017

The purpose of study is provide the basic data for set up proper illuminance of examination room that put purpose of an empirical study basic data about examination environment setting of the ultrasonic examination on design the examination environment of a new ultrasonic examination. As a method, to investigate the ultrasonic environment related to illumination to take a survey on the ultrasonic examination about test object to 48 parts of six units of general hospital in Busan. As a result, All Door + Curtain showed high scores in analyzing the gender, age, examination part in the case of ultrasonic examination room shielding and LED and light source control is required in the case of kind of light source. In the ultrasonic examination environment survey, the illuminance brightness is average 10 Lux which is included illuminance brightness range recommended the WHO and CEC and illuminance brightness of ultrasonic examination waiting room(ultrasonic examination waiting room, corridor) indicate average 300~800 Lux and it satisfied hospital illumination environment more than 300 Lux recommended by KSA 3011. In conclusion, Basic data suggested that improved future ultrasonic examination environment or designed new examination room on the basis of analysis result of general background and ultrasonic examination related to environment factor.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.1-12
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• 2016

Objectives: The abdominal examination is a diagnosis method for determining a morbid condition of the chest and abdomen by touching and pressing. This study reviewed research trends concerning the abdominal examination and suggested of future research directions for quantification of abdominal examination. Methods: A systematic literature search was carried out for relevant articles published between 2000 and 2016 in five databases such as Korean studies Information Service System(KISS), Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System(OASIS), DataBase Periodical Information Academic (DBpia), National Digital Science Library and PubMed based on the Keywords 'abdominal examination'. Results: 128 articles were collected for analysis. Overview on the abdominal examination based on selected 17 articles. Then selected articles have been reclassified by diseases of clinical research and parameters for diagnosis of abdominal examination. Conclusions: Taken together, instrument for quantitative evaluation of abdomen characteristic fit to the traditional Korean Medicine have not yet developed. It is suggested that in order to dominate the market about abdominal examination in advance, more concern should be paid to establishing appropriate development of quantitative criteria and instrument. This review will help researcher to systematically understand and to develop Korean medical device as globally competitive device.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.261-271
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate factors that have influence on a health examination among the middle aged living in Busan. Method: The survey was conducted with 235 participants who were the parents of students of five nursing schools in Busan, living in Busan, and subjects to a health examination under the National Health Insurance Corporation. The data was collected from September to November 2004 using a structured self-administered questionnaire that contained general characteristics, characteristics related to a health examination, and health belief variables. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 10.0. Results: Among the subjects, 122(51.9%) had performed a health examination in the past, and 113(48.1%) had not. Variables that have a significant influence on getting a health examination were: previous disease experience, perceived barrier and perceived seriousness. Those who did not have previous disease experience(2.6 times) and whose perceived seriousness was high(1.1 times) were more likely to have a health examination, and those with perceived barrier high(0.9 times) were less likely. Conclusion: Therefore, to increase the rate of health examinations, it is necessary to advertise the importance of health examinations particularly for the people who had disease experience and the seriousness of target diseases; and furthermore, to remove barriers of a health examination.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.30-38
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• 2000

This study was carried out to investigate what factors affect satisfaction of periodic health examination undertaken by employees. The purpose of the study was to improve quality of periodic health examination and to increase the rate of workers participation in the screening test. The content of questionnaire was designed with focus on the satisfaction and attitude on the periodic health examination. Data were analyzed with 212 males, 181 females among 393 samples who took periodic examination at a general hospital in Seoul. Korea. The results were as follows: 1. Respondents were mainly in the thirties(42.7%), married(58.5%), more than 3 years working experiences(66.7%) and employed in Sales & Customers service industry(60.1%). 2. There were significant differences in the scores of satisfaction by general characteristics among the respondents. The highly educated and the single showed higher satisfaction on the periodic health examination than other respondents. 3. The scores of satisfaction in periodic health examination showed highly influenced by level of age, work duration, level of knowledge to the health screening and income. Based on the results, this study concluded that the periodic health examination might be necessary to modify its items according to the clients characteristics and their individual demands for maintenance of healthy life.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.25-35
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• 2012

This research has a purpose to help academic high school students to choose their own career by developing an examination that distinguishes between liberal arts and natural sciences. Besides an aptitude test, I identified the necessity of a tool for distinguishing liberal arts and natural sciences, using an examination tool that uses puzzles to distinguish liberal arts and natural sciences and conducted the first examination. On the basis of the result of the first examination I made the second examination test, and the algorithm. After conducting the second examination to a variety of target subjects, like academic high school students, university students, and graduate students through the second examination paper and algorithm for distinguishing liberal arts and natural sciences, competent results have been deducted.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.66-80
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• 2001

In this study, the current status and the desirable ways for improvement of the examination system for the employment of the environmental education teachers in the secondary school were investigated. For the study, first, problems and reasons, and the counterplan of policy on the teacher connected directly with the examination employing secondary school teachers through exploration of the related literatures were analyzed; second, it was identified that the essential quality which environmental education teachers should have ready; third, the curriculum of environmental education teacher training universities and the seventh environmental curriculum were examined to provide a basis of discussion on the principle of setting questions for the employment of environmental education teachers; fourth, the number of recruitment, the number of examinee, the principle of setting questions, the composition of questions, and the distribution of scores of the examination which were carried out in the school year 2000 and 2001 were compared and analyzed; finally, the basis of the above analyses, recommendations to consider the examination system for the employment of environmental education teachers in the secondary school were presented as follows: first, the team managing the examination for the employment should reflect the aims and special contents of environmental education to discuss and decide the principle of setting questions on the environmental course; second, the proportion of subject matter education in the examination for environmental education teachers should be increased; third, the validity of questions for the examination should be clarified and the difficulty level of the questions should be low.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.155-164
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify factors affecting early detection behaviors of breast cancer such as breast self examination(BSE), breast physical examination, mammography. Method: The subjects were 141 women on an island and materials were collected through an organized questionnaire from March, to August 2002. The data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, $x^2$ and logistic analysis by SAS program. Results: 52.7% of the subjects performed breast self examination, 67.2% did breast physical examination and 67.7% did mammography. That is, about 60% of the subjects performed early detection behavior to find the breast cancer. Practice of breast self examination was significantly correlated with experience of physician examination and mammography. The most significant factor on BSE was a normal salted diet, and the most significant factor on physical examination and mammography was the high education level of subjects. Conclusions: According to the results of this study, it suggests that intensive education and information strategies for breast cancer early detection need to be developed. In particular, early detection programs for lower educated women should be activated.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.107-115
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• 1999

The author studied the prevalence and sites of orofacial pain during the latest 6 months, and psychologic symptoms under the emotional stress through SCL-90-R in thirty-five dental students(nineteen men and sixteen women) of school of Dentistry, Chonbuk National University. 26 students(74.3%), 12 men and 14 women, experienced the orofacial pain; headache, toothache, facial & buccal pain, TMJ pain and intraoral pain were occurred in 51.4%, 37.1%, 25.7%, 17.1% and 17.1% respectively. In psychological scores in before-, during- and after examination, there was no significant difference between men and women. On the other hand, when these scores were compared each other in one group with orofacial pain experience and the other group without pain experience, the former showed significantly higher values in somatization, depression, hostility, and paranoid ideation dimension before examination, interpersonal sensitivity and anxiety dimension during examination, and somatization dimension after examination than those of the later group(P<0.05). The changes of psychologic symptoms in before-, during-, and after examination were observed in one group with pain experience and the other group without pain experience, respectively; in the former group the significantly higher values of anxiety dimension in during examination than after examination, and the significantly higher values of interpersonal sensitivity dimension in before examination than after examination(P<0.05) were evaluated.