• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.22 no.6 s.72
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• pp.233-242
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• 2004

The main objective of this study is to provide baseline data and materials to be used for developing an manners education program. Such an educational program will help enhance the manners of university students. A stratified random sampling method was applied to collect data. Originally, 800 questionnaires were distributed to university students during the period between May 10 and May 31, 2m, and of the completed questionnaires, 7n3 were used for data analysis. 'The following findings were obtained:1. University students 'level of everyday manners was shown to be moderate, and the mean score was 6.76 (67.61/100 Points). 2. The level of demands for everyday manners education was shown to be high and the mean score was 8.05 (67.61/100 Points). 3. The variable that had the greatest impact on the level of everyday manners was the subjective knowledge about everyday manners, whereas gender affected the demand for education the most strongly.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.391-402
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• 2003

Total image consists of body analysis, fashion coordination, and manners. This stydt will be utilized to develop a clinic program using the concept of total image, with a focus on manners, which is important in the modem age. The manners was examined m the following categories; the importance of manners, level of manners, he order of manners sents felt important, and contents of manners the subjects deemed necessary. The research was conducted using 400 male and female college students living In the Daejeon area. The data were processed statistically using the SPSS package, and administered the frequency and percentages, andthe $x^2-test$. Results are as follows. Both male and female students acknowledged manners as a significant factor in forming the total image, and they possessed a medium level of manners. College students felt the importance of manners in the following order: everyday life manners, facing manners, telephone manners, and fashion coordination manners. There was a difference between male and female students in the contents of manners. Whereas manners the subjects deemed necessary for male students were facing manners(name use, introduction, handshaking, card exchange), everyday life manners(drinking, moking), those for female students were telephone manners, facing manners(greeting, expression), everyday life manners(individual life, eating, visiting), fashion coordination manners(special occasions, interviews. invitations, MT).

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.189-198
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• 1995

This study discusses the traditional main life culture of Korea and the relations with the traditional manners of Korean culture. According to studies of literature and an analysis, it shows the traditional courtesy can be linked to the housing structure of the Cho-sun dynasty which can be termed as a representation of traditional Korean society. Housing culture of Cho-sun dynasty led to a most characteristic living culture. To be specific sit-down culture use norms, hierarchy and fittings can be sited. The sit-down culture in turn led to the main courtesies of greeting, table manners, etiquette for entrance and exit, the carefulness shown to elders, the self-restraint of speech and action and the manners between men and women, But in today's world there are realistic difficulties that make the application of these norms in everyday life difficult. But at the same time we must realize that there are traditional norms which overcome time and which affect today's norms.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.105-115
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• 2006

Purpose：This thesis was performed to evaluate the effect of the experience safety education on the safety behavior and standard of habit to the middle school students of one islands. Methods：The participants of this study included 43, located in the adjoining region in S county. While one of the class, composed of 19 students was designated as an experimental group, and the other class, composed of 24 students, was compared as a control group. Used program in this study was safety education program, 'Safe School, Safe Life' which was developed by Korea Occupational Safety & Health Agency. This program has emphasis on the virtual case rather than lecture style education. Results：The findings in this research were as follows. Indoor safety behavior was significant difference between the two groups. On the other hand, the effect on outdoor safety behavior was not difference. In playground case, active strength was needed without continuous attention. The effect of the experience safety behavior education was not shown in the area of traffic rules, pedestrian safety, and vehicle safety. But home safety behavior was effective. Education program on the manners of standard life habit gives positive results. But in the area of rules, this program was not effective, since students had tendency to emphasize the rigid scale rather than manners. Conclusion：These findings in the study give us the necessity of experience safety education program to prepare various situations of everyday life and to reinforce safety behavior and improve standard life habit.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.21-31
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• 1995

This documentary study investigated the background, content and methods of the filial education of children in the Choson Dynasty; that is, the ways in which filial conduct was taught so that the child learned manners and learned to assist parents in everyday life. The subjects of this study were the upper class(sonbi) and ranged from 7 or 8 to 13 or 14 years in Korean age. The Confucian view of nature, ethics and the family system emphasized filial duty during the Choson Dynasty. The contents of filial education were the fundamentals of filial conduct, such as daily greetings, participation(in family events), and an affectionate and respectful attitude towards parent. The method for filial education was that parents and instructors were to be good model in everyday life so that children got accustomed to good conduct. It is difficult to apply the filial conduct of the Choson Dynasty to today's life, but its basic spirit, that is, loving and respecting human beings, is still invaluable for modern times. This spirit may be applied to childhood education today by amending some out-of-date contents, and the filial ethos universalized in daily life could become a prescription for today's chaotic society.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.1-18
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• 2003

In recent years, Korean society has witnessed an increased interest in the observance of everyday life proprieties, building healthy families, and psychological well-being of family members. The main purpose of this research was to examine the relationships among the practice of everyday life proprieties, dynamics of family systems, and psychological well-being of Korean married couples. A self-report Questionnaire was used to collect data from married couples with a child over four-years-old who are currently residing in Seoul. 513 couples(1026 individuals) were used for the final data analysis. Statistical analyses were conducted using frequencies, percentages, means, standard deviations, Cronbach'α, Pearson correlation, paired t-test, factor analysis, and multiple regression. The findings of this study are as follows: First, the level of the practice of everyday life propriety was relatively high in both husbands and wives, and no significant gender difference was found in the level. Yet, there were some statistically significant differences in certain sub-dimensions. Wives showed a higher degree of performance in public decorum and social etiquette, whereas husbands exhibited a higher degree of performance in family decorum and communication manners. The family systems were highly dynamic, according to both husbands and wives, and there was no difference between husbands and wives. As for the sub-dimensions, the extent of communication was found to be higher among husbands than among wives. Psychological well-being was again relatively high for both husbands and wives, with husbands significantly higher than wives. Second, the findings indicate that the causal model did fit the data well, and that a myriad of background variables had direct and indirect impacts on psychological well-being, and these relationships were mediated by several variables in the sub-dimension of proprieties observance, family adaptability, and the degree of communication. The implication is that the practice of life propriety, an intervening variable, is crucial in improving psychological well-being of married couples. The findings of this research demonstrate that there are significant causal relationships among the practice of everyday life propriety, family systems dynamics, and psychological well-being. In addition, the observance of proprieties is shown to be a concept that can be used as an important predictor in the area of family resource management. Further research is needed to expand its focus on the practice of proprieties in the family resource management. More concrete and specialized family life education programs should be developed to help build healthy families. Lastly, the results indicate that proprieties education needs to be incorporated in family policies in order to promote the quality of family life.

• Archives of design research
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• v.19 no.4 s.66
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• pp.41-50
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• 2006

It is generally regarded a design system in post-industrial society, which products designed by in-house designers or design consultancy are manufactured in factory and distributed in market for the consumer. Although it is treated an old design system in traditional society, the traces of vernacular design has been remaining in the state of adopted to the periodical needs in these days, also proving the attribute of design culture to constitute human's material environment as well as existing design systems. There were discovered various design artifacts in daily surroundings vary from the established design in several manners, user modifications or manufactures in everyday lives formalized them. It was approached a case study that analyze the changes of artifact configuration and designer/user context and creation process of the non-professional design artifacts, Creativity Template Theory and ACM(Artifact Context Model) have been utilized for the analysis model. From the analysis result, It assume that the everyday artifacts may be ordinary but extra-ordinary including particular ideas and identity represented by everyday designers or users. Beside these characteristics induce the potentiality that reflect on creative motives for the designers or a complementary artifact generator filling up with drawbacks in established design system. The everyday design domain, various explorations and alternatives are made, is seems to be another design practice domain dissimilar to the one in the industry-based design. Moreover it provides an more easily accessability for the approaching user-friendly design, user customization because they conduct the reliable modeling of consumer and end-user. Finally, based on the exploratory study regarding interpretation of context and configuration in the everyday artifacts, new approach for the design process and design education through more detailed cognitive modeling of everyday designers will be a further study.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.13-30
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate the status of teacher's perception about the nutrition education of elementary schooL The results of this study were as follows. Most of the teachers responded that nutrition education necessitate in curriculum of elementary school, the main reason for necessity of nutrition education was for proper growth, they thought starting period of nutrition education was to begin when children are in a kindergarten and a infant home. The perception for a suitable person to teach the nutrition education showed dietician, parents, class teacher and a related teacher in oder and the time of that is a related class, as a spare time at everyday, a special activity time, and service a meal in order. Importances of the contents of a nutrition education were proper eating habits, growth and nutrition, a food hygiene and a disease in order. Problems of elementary students' nutrition were a unbalanced eating, a ingestion a processing and instant food too much, lack of table manner, fatness and a weak child in order. The most of expected effects through the nutrition education were a good table habits and manners, the way of a efficient nutrition education were a need of link with parents, a need of link the dietician. a teacher's class and training in order. The average score of nutrition knowledge was 6.3$\sim$6.9 out of 10 and teachers of Gwangju scored more higher on nutrition knowledge than teachers of Jeonnam, as they arranged a dietician was so.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.335-348
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• 2007

This study aimed to investigate how the current elementary school teachers think about nutrition education, how they are teaching, and what kind of problems have occurred. And this study was made to provide basic materials to be used for the effective nutrition education in the elementary school. The survey was done on 60 elementary school teachers and 570 elementary school students of the 5th and 6th grade in Gyeonggi Province by questionnaire and analyzed for the perception of nutrition education, current status of nutrition education, nutrition knowledge and cooking knowledge. The average scores of nutrition knowledge were 2.72 for male and 3.75 for female students out of full score of 5. The fifth grade students learned more nutrition education than the sixth grade ones in accordance with the different curricula. Nutrition education was taught as apart of other subjects(87%) and mainly done by lectures. For most of the students, information source of the nutrition education was the meal service(47.4%) and the most common one was the Internet that 38.1 % of the teachers used. Most of the students responded that nutrition education was necessary in the curriculum of elementary school for proper growth(36.2%), intelligence(25.9%), health(21.5%), and dieting(16.4%). The perception for the suitable teacher was in the order of nutrition specialist and dietician. And the right time of the related class was in the order of spare time everyday, a special activity time, and the meal service time. The important contents of nutrition education were in the order of proper eating habits, growth & nutrition, food hygiene and diseases. Nutrition problems of the elementary students were in the order of unbalanced diet, too much ingestion of processed and instant foods, lack of table manners, and child fatness and weakness. 80.0% of the teachers supported the early nutrition education and demanded it should begin when children are in kindergarten. The analysis showed that nutrition education should be taught by parents(29.4%), teachers(29.2%), and nutritionists(25.9%) and that family and school should cooperate closely. Main responses of the teachers to the children's problems were that they had too much instant food, did not eat in a variety, and had no manners in eating. Ironically, they thought malnutrition, fainting and growth stunt were not important nutrition related problems.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.558-567
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• 2010

Changes in social, economical, and cultural environments affect the meal practices of children. The transmission of traditional Korean food culture is very important because it presents not only a well-balanced diet but also contributes to shaping identity. The purpose of this study was to investigate elementary school students' present meal practices and views, as well as demands on traditional food culture education to reflect future educational plans. Half of the students ate breakfast everyday and 72% ate a traditional Korean style breakfast. About 38% of the students participated 2-4 times per week in meal preparation and 34% participated in clean-up after the meal once a day. Although 6th graders had greater skills in basic cooking, they tended to be more passive upon applying their skills in daily meal practice. For traditional food culture education, 89% of the experienced and 86.2% of the inexperienced groups agreed on the necessity of traditional food culture education. Students attained traditional food culture knowledge through Silgwa, practical coursework within the curriculum, and by teachers leading classes. They were also educated by parents, mass media, and books outside of school. The preferred methods of class teaching were lecture and experiential learning. The preferred subjects to learn were 'cooking classes based on taste development', 'learning food ingredients through vegetable growing', 'traditional Korean food manners', and 'traditional Korean food culture and seasonal foods' as well as nutritional education. Fifth graders had more positive attitudes towards meal practices and traditional food culture education. Traditional Korean food culture and nutrition education should be integrated and developed into regular subject curricula to improve children's meal practice and inheritance of traditional food culture.