• KIEAE Journal
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.37-46
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• 2009

This study conducted an evaluation of the streetscape improvement project of the Gwangbok Street through analysis of visual and perceptual characteristics by comparing selected pictures of streetscape before and after the project. This work has conducted an analysis of the environmental factors which influence subjects' satisfaction degrees including physical street equipments and street view factors which are main contents of this project. Using a satisfaction analysis and factor analysis, each factor's significance was verified quantitatively. As a result of the analysis, physical components of the streetscape were classified into 4 types according to project's effectiveness and improvement priorities. These 4 types include (1) Components for maintenance because of higher satisfaction and higher importance, (2) Components for improvement because of lower satisfaction and higher importance, (3) Components for good business fruits because of higher satisfaction and lower importance, and (4) Components for unnecessity because of lower satisfaction and lower importance.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.33-41
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• 2004

This study examined the effect of the main color of apartment building as background color on the preference for residential streetscape in the relation with surrounding environment of streetscape with its focus on the color of apartment building outer wall. To research a visual evaluation structure, this study aimed to understand its characteristics through quantitative assay and to provide more scientific and specific data about improvement direction. The results suggested that the current brightness and chroma of main color of apartment building was high and low respectively which was advisable. On the other hand, in the color, when the components of the whole streetscape included buildings or soundproofing walls, a streetscape image needed to be improved though the color scheme of 4-distance color difference.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.30 no.1D
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• pp.79-87
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• 2010

The urban street has been escaped from functional and uniformed arrangement for merely movement to the space which can take the role of cozy and familiar culture. Therefore I tried to prepare a plan for the wide roads having streetscape which reveal area's identity as well as coziness and convenience by grasping the problem and its solution through analysing and deducing various elements with the subject of streetscape among urban landscape components, especially composing wide road's streetscape. First of all, this study made a simulation by deducing components of wide road's streetscape and controlling them with theoretical review of streetscape and consideration of wide road's local characteristic. With the evaluation on the base of them, that following four components could be the representative things of entrance part was confirmed by this study. They were familiar streetscape,symbolic scene as as an entrance gate, continuous and dynamic streetscape, and interesting and pleasant streetscape. And for the middle part, those four components could represent the wide road's streetscapeI were confirmed. They were familiar streetscape, safe and tender streetscape, pleasant and dynamic streetscape, and symbolic streetscape. It seems that the components of the streetscape obtained from the analysis of this study are utilized as reference data in the case of a future streetscape design conclusively.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.1-13
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• 1999

Previous research for visual assessment of streetscape employed static simulation methods to represent future landscape. However, streetscape is experienced sequentially, and thus dynamic simulations can be more effective. This study tried to adopt computer animation in the evaluation of streetscape, and examined its effects and possibilities. Three development scenarios for the redevelopment districts of Sokong-Ro and Banpo-Ro in Seoul were designed, and simulations were produced by three methods-photo-retouching, computer still image, and animation. A preference questionnaire was asked to 69 university students, and the effects of simulation methods on visual preference were examined. In addition, the frames of the animation were reclassed to identify the visibility of physical elements. The relationships between the visibility and visual preference were analyzed. The results showed that visual preference can be explained by three factors-Amenity, Tidiness, and Variousness-that account for 62.4% of the total variance, and the Amenity showed the highest proportion: 36.0%. Among the three simulation methods, animation showed the largest difference in preference for the most important factor(Amenity), and yielded the highest correlation between visibility of physical elements and Amenity. This result demonstrated that dynamic simulations can provide more accurate observation of visual changes, especially because the simulated landscape is experienced sequentially. The results also revealed that the sequential change in the visibility of physical elements can be examined easily and precisely by animation. This benefit of animation enables analysts to identify the points where the landscape varies the most, and thus visual preference should be evaluated.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.15-25
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• 2000

The purpose of this paper is to examine the visual evaluation structure about the formal changes of streetscape by the different moving speed in two alternative control plans for the building height and the setback regulation. The virtual reality system is applied to the experimental tool. Eighty-two experimental models are made in consideration of the height and the setback of the building regulation cased by Midou-suji street in Osaka City, Japan. and ten typical models are selected by pre-experiment. Since the changes of the landscape structure consists of the height and the setback of the building, four the evaluation items are set: grade of continuity, order, openness, preference. As there are eighty-two landscape models which are too many to be applied in this experiment, ten role models are drawn out and used in this experiment. The mean difference test, discriminant analysis, and multiple linear regression methods had been used for the statistical analysis methods. The results of this study are as follows; 1) It is found out the fact of the difference evaluation structure amount experiments models. 2) From the sketch analysis and interview, it is found out difference cognition structure by the moving speed and alternatives. 3) From the discriminant and regression analysis, it is found out that the evaluation value about continuity becomes low by the moving speed change from walking speed to driving speed. We suggest that continuous experiment should be made with a variety of groups and models, and general and universal results should also be come out of the experiments above.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.58-69
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• 2003

The Hemi-sphere projection method produces an image that includes all surrounding visual landscape from a view point. This characteristic can solve the problem of perspective method that has only a limited view angle, and thus can be a potentially effective method for the analysis of visual landscape. This study tried to adopt the hemi-sphere projection method in the evaluation of streetscape, and examined its effectiveness and possibilities. Computer animations using the perspective method and the hemi-sphere method were produced for Bang-Hak Ro, Seoul, and the kames of the animations were reclassed to identify the visibility ratio of physical elements(buildings, sky and mountains). A preference questionnaire was given to 51 university students, and the relationships between the visibility ratio and visual preference were analyzed. The results showed that visual preference of streetscape can be explained by three factors: Openness, Uniformity, and Variousness, accounting for 63.2% of the total variance, and among which Openness showed the highest proportion at 32.1％. The visibility ratio calculated by the hemi-sphere method yielded strong correlation coefficients with Openness, and it was much higher than with the perspective method. The hemi-sphere method also produced significant correlation coefficients about Uniformity and Variousness, but the perspective method could not. The results demonstrated that the hemi-sphere method can provide more accurate observation of visual changes, and that it can be an effective method for the analysis of streetscape.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.149-156
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• 2013

In this study, the Model of Emotion Evaluation, an emotional analysis actively applied in environmental assessment, was divided into two parts, the abbreviated model and the inferential model, through pilot study and experiment. In addition, an analysis was conducted through the experiment on the attributes of the evaluation vocabularies of two additional types of representative models, the EPA Model and PAD Model, and the results show a huge difference in the development approach and lexical constitution of the two models. It was also identified through factor analysis that the vocabularies were abbreviated according to the respective models. Similarity relationships were analyzed using multidimensional scaling and the results show that mutual relationship was established to some degree. Based on this, we can conclude that, rather than a biased use of the Model of Emotion Evaluation in emotion evaluation, a more objective image analysis is possible by analyzing the characteristics of the model before applying it. In this study, the evaluation target was confined only to the environmental assessment of streetscape and continuous research on the Model of Emotion Evaluation that allows for the comparison of evaluation models in various areas is needed.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.110-118
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• 2012

This study aimed to research theoretical reviews of streetscape and to analysis the correlation between visual properties and preference of streetscape in Bukchon around Gahoe-dong which is a dense Hanok area. Therefore we analyzed a relation between visual quantities and preference intended Samcheong-dong 35 street, Gahoe-dong 31 street and Gahoe-dong 11 street the representative streetscape in Bukchon. Also we extracted common factors of images of the streetscape in Bukchon and figured out a relation between the visual image evaluation and the preference by regression analysis. The result of the analysis is as follows. First, it was the streetscape of Gahoe-dong 31 street which get more scores than any other streetscape in preference. And we figured out that the higher the ceiling and the visual quantities of planting the more preference. Second, streetscape in Bukchon was explained by 'aesthetics', 'amenity' and 'orderliness' in psychological view. And there was noticeable difference in aesthetics aspect between Gahoe-dong 31 street the highest preferred place and the Samcheong-dong 35 street the lowest preferred place. Third, as a result of regression analysis on preference and factor scores about psychological variables, we figured out that the factor which explains aesthetics effects most on the preference.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.99-108
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• 2010

In this paper I tried to find out changed and improved streetscape through the simulation using components of streetscape abstracted by factor analysis after analyzing present situation and problems of the streetscape for housing developments prepared on publis water surface. An analysis object is located in Haeundae Marine City in Busan. As a result of analysing the streetscape of marine city at present, I could see that main problems were discontinuous street space that did not reflect the characteristic of seashore, uncomfortable and insecure passage owing to coexistence street at seashore, insufficient street facilities for pedestrians, and disordered outdoor signboards. Therefore, I put the causal problems of marine city's streetscape in the insufficient street components, disharmony, and discontinuity so analysed the simulation elements applying selected street components and evaluated them to deduce demand factors having common meaning. As the result, the common demand factors were 'street furniture', 'harmonious streetscape with surrounding', 'landscape with natural openness', and 'landscape with dynamic symbol' in the order. So it needs to stress on a plan for proper arrangement of 'street facilities' and symbolic streetscape having continuity and harmony with surrounding so that the plan can proceed more properly for marine city's identity.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.37-44
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• 2009

This study conducted an evaluation of the streetscape improvement project of the Gwangbok Street through analysis of correlations between psychological consciousness and physical elements in the street by comparing selected pictures of streetscape before and after the project. This work has conducted an analysis of Psychological characteristics by semantic differential method and an analysis of physical elements which influence psychological characteristics by regression analysis. According to the results of psychological analysis, the senses of interest, orderliness, esthetic and preference were highly improved in A district and the senses of openess, stability, orderliness were highly improved in B district. The results of analyzing physical elements influencing the improvement of these psychological consciousness in A district elucidated ; 1) the works of improving signboard and elevation of the building affected the whole these psychological consciousness, 2) the work of planting trees, making plant rests in the street improved the senses of orderliness, esthetic, 3) the work of changing finishing materials in the street enhanced the senses of esthetic, preference, 4) the work of adjusting the width between the road and the pavement, the work of improving traffic enhanced the senses of interest, preference. In the meantime in B district, the works of improving signboard and elevation of the building and those of planting trees, making plant rests in the street improved the senses of openess and orderliness. Also the work of improving traffic enhanced the senses of openess, stability and the work of expanding the pavement, that of changing finishing materials in the street improved the senses of openess, stability, orderliness.