• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.179-186
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 복부대동맥류가 발생한 환자들에서의 연령과 복부대동맥류 형상에 따른 벽 응력과 파열 위험성을 평가하였다. 복부대동맥류의 형상은 의료영상 데이터로부터 추출되어 모사되었으며, 재료 물성치 단계에서는 동맥 조직의 이방성 초탄성 성질을 모사하기 위해 Gasser-Ogden-Holzapfel 모델을 적용하였다. 또한, 모델에서 필요한 각 재료 정수들은 환자들의 연령과 정상 조직 및 동맥류 조직의 특성들을 고려하기 위하여 각기 다른 값들로 산정되었다. 게다가 복부대동맥류에서의 대동맥 직경과 목의 각도에 관한 상관관계를 분석하고, 이에 대한 시리즈 시뮬레이션 역시 수행되었다. 그 결과, 복부대동맥류 환자의 연령과 대동맥 직경, 그리고 대동맥 목의 각도에 따른 복부대동맥류의 파열 위험성이 평가되었다.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.50-55
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• 2002

Objectives: Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy with favorable histologic and prognostic characteristics. Total or near total thyroidectomy has been used as a standard surgical procedure. The aims of this study are to determine the extent of resection of thyroid gland and to find the influencing factors of lymph node metastasis. Materials and Methods: The authors reviewed the records of 194 patients of thyroid cancer surgically treated at Department of General Surgery, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital from January, 1996 to December, 2000. Pathologic classifications, surgical procedures, and lymph node metastasis were analyzed. Results: There were 163 women and 31 men. The age ranged from 12 to 79 years old (mean age 43.2 years). The histological classifications of 194 cases revealed papillary cancer in 171 cases (88.1%), follicular cancer in 17 cases (8.8%), undifferentiated cancer in 3 cases (1.6%), medullary cancer in 2 cases (1.0%) and mixed cancer in 1 case (0.5%). Among the 194 patients, lobectomy was perfomed in 31 patients, subtotal thyroidectomy in 30 patients, near total thyroidectomy in 82 patients and total thyroidectomy in 51 patients. In the subgroup of papillary carcinoma 141 cases with lymph node dissection, lymph node metastasis had no statistical significance according to sex, age and primary tumor size. Conclusions: The mainly performed surgical procedures were total thyroidectomy and near total thyroidectomy. In thyroid cancer surgery, the extent of resection was influenced by age, differentiation and primary tumor size. The lymph node dissection should be decided by lymph node metastasis identified by preoperative radiologic evaluation or intraoperative lymph node findings.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.227-231
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• 2011

This study was undertaken to assess the lateral ventricle, which was some portion of brain and related to congenital anomalies, from 1, 2, 4, and 8 months of age in healthy micropigs. They were induced general anesthesia and performed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with a 0.3 Tesla magnet. Each age group was evaluated by three subjects such as lateral ventricular volume, ventricular volume ratio and asymmetry. T1 weighted transverse images were acquired for calculation of lateral ventricular and corresponding brain parenchyma areas. The ratio of bilateral ventricle areas used to analyze the asymmetry. The mean ventricular volumes of each month were $676.74{\pm}25.58mm^3$ (1 month-old), $630.64{\pm}143.84mm^3$ (2 month-old), $992.12{\pm}106.03mm^3$ (4 month-old) and $1172.62{\pm}237.57mm^3$ (8 month-old), respectively. The ventricular volume ratio was the smallest at 2 month-old and re-increased from that age. The ratio was significantly different between 2 month-old and other age groups (p < 0.05). The value of bilateral area ratio showed within 1.5 in all experimental animals. Consequently the lateral ventricle showed a positive correlation with aging and symmetric shapes in both sides. The developmental pattern of the lateral ventricle provides basic data in micropigs as an experimental animal model for physiological and neurosurgical approach.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.24-30
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• 2012

Objective : This study was conducted to assess the clinical significance of traumatic brain stem injury (TBSI) reflected on Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) and Glasgow Outcome Score (GOS) by various clinical variables. Methods : A total of 136 TBSI patients were selected out of 2695 head-injured patients. All initial computerized tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging studies were retrospectively analyzed according to demographic- and injury variables which result in GCS and GOS. Results : In univariate analysis, mode of injury showed a significant effect on combined injury (p<0.001), as were the cases with skull fracture on radiologic finding (p<0.000). The GCS showed a various correlation with radiologic finding (p<0.000), mode of injury (p<0.002), but less favorably with impact site (p<0.052), age (p<0.054) and skull fracture (p<0.057), in order of statistical significances. However, only GOS showed a definite correlation to radiologic finding (p<0.000). In multivariate analysis, the individual variables to enhance an unfavorable effect on GCS were radiologic finding [odds ratio (OR) 7.327, 95% confidence interval (CI)], mode of injury (OR; 4.499, 95% CI) and age (OR; 3.141, 95% CI). Those which influence an unfavorable effect on GOS were radiologic finding (OR; 25.420, 95% CI) and age (OR; 2.674, 95% CI). Conclusion : In evaluation of TBSI on outcome, the variables such as radiological finding, mode of injury, and age were revealed as three important ones to have an unfavorable effect on early stage outcome expressed as GCS. However, mode of injury was shown not to have an unfavorable effect on late stage outcome as GOS. Among all unfavorable variables, radiological finding was confirmed as the only powerful prognostic variable both on GCS and GOS.

• 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.93-100
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• 2019

본 연구에서는 전기로 산화슬래그 잔골재를 30%, 50% 치환하여 초기재령 콘크리트의 역학적 특성을 평가하였다. 굳지 않은 콘크리트에서 슬럼프, 공기량, 단위용적질량을 검토하였으며, 경화 콘크리트에서 압축강도와 촉진 염화물 침투 실험을 진행하였다. 전기로 산화슬래그 잔골재 혼입량이 증가함에 따라, 슬럼프 및 공기량이 감소하였으며, 이는 전기로 산화슬래그의 다량의 미립분 및 거친 표면으로 인한 것으로 사료된다. 또한, 압축강도 발현율을 검토한 결과, 재령 7일까지 최대 111% 증가하였지만, 재령 28일에서 약 90%까지 감소하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 전기로 산화슬래그 혼입 콘크리트의 초기재령에서의 촉진 염화물 침투 실험결과 OPC 콘크리트와 큰 차이가 나타나지 않음에 따라 콘크리트 대체 골재로 사용함에 있어 충분한 성능을 갖고 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.2533-2540
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• 2013

Background: Although screening is necessary where gastric cancer is particularly common in Asia, the performance outcomes of mass screening programs have remained unclear. This study was conducted to evaluate cost-effectiveness outcomes of the national cancer screening program (NCSP) for gastric cancer in South Korea. Materials and Methods: People aged 40 years or over during 2002-2003 (baseline) were the target population. Screening recipients and patients diagnosed with gastric cancers were identified using the NCSP and Korea Central Cancer Registry databases. Clinical outcomes were measured in terms of mortality and life-years saved (LYS) of gastric cancer patients during 7 years based on merged data from the Korean National Health Insurance Corporation and National Statistical Office. We considered direct, indirect, and productivity-loss costs associated with screening attendance. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) estimates were produced according to screening method, sex, and age group compared to non-screening. Results: The age-adjusted ICER for survival was 260,201,000-371,011,000 Korean Won (KW; 1USD=1,088 KW) for the upper-gastrointestinal (UGI) tract over non-screening. Endoscopy ICERs were lower (119,099,000-178,700,000 KW/survival) than UGI. To increase 1 life-year, additional costs of approximately 14,466,000-15,014,000 KW and 8,817,000-9,755,000 KW were required for UGI and endoscopy, respectively. Endoscopy was the most cost-effective strategy for males and females. With regard to sensitivity analyses varying based on the upper age limit, endoscopy NCSP was dominant for both males and females. For males, an upper limit of age 75 or 80 years could be considered. ICER estimates for LYS indicate that the gastric cancer screening program in Korea is cost-effective. Conclusion: Endoscopy should be recommended as a first-line method in Korea because it is beneficial among the Korean population.

• 아동학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.1-28
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• 1988

The purpose of this study was to develop a behavior rating scale for the evaluation of children's development for utilization by preschool teachers. The procedures for the study included content validation, pilot test, and main study. A total of 97 items were retained after the content validation and pilot test. The items of the scale were grouped into five areas (physical, language, cognitive, emotional, and social development) and 11 sub-areas. The resulting "Behavior Rating Scale for Preschool Children" was administered to 479 boys and girls, 3-6 through 6-5 years of age, selected from 10 different kindergartens and early education centers in Seoul, Pusan, and Chonju. The analysis of data was done with SPSS computer programs, including item analysis, Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ for reliability, factor analysis to test construct validity, two-way ANOVA to test age and sex differences, and percentile norms. The 97 items of the scale were found to be satisfactory in terms of item discrimination with indices ranging from .31 to .73. Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ was .98 for the total scale and ranged from .87 to .93 in specific domains, which was considered satisfactory. The factors extracted from each area were consistent with the educational objectives of the Yonsei Open Education Program except for emotional development. The intercorrelations among the domains were relatively high, ranging from .56 to .81. Age differences were significant in cognitive, physical, and language development, but not significant in social and emotional development. Sex differences were significant in all areas with girls higher on the average than the boys. Percentile ranks were drived from the total score for each age group and quartiles were calculated for sub-scores in each domain.

• Educational Technology International
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.59-85
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• 2016

The purpose of the study is to report differences in the effects of learner characteristics on the self-regulated learning (SRL) abilities between Chinese and Korean distance learners by using a structured SRL scale. A standardized 54-item self-regulated learning scale (SRAS) was used. The reliability was tested both in China and Korea which showed the scale had good reliability. The comparative study were conducted by administering the SRAS on 1999 Chinese distance learners from the Open Distance Education Center of Beijing Normal University and 1941 Korean distance learners from H Cyber University. Data on four dimensions of SRL - planning, control, regulating, and evaluation - were analyzed using 't-test' and 'ANOVA' with regards to the learner characteristics such as gender, age, prior education level, semesters, location and major. Results indicated that the average participant had an above medium level of SRL ability in all of the four dimensions. There were significant differences in the self-regulated learning ability between Chinese and Korean distance learners. Chinese distance learners scored higher in SRAS than Korean distance learners. The effects of learner characteristics on the SRL ability showed different patterns in the two countries. As for gender, male learners scored better in SRL than female learners in China, whereas it was just the opposite in Korea. No age differences were found in China, but Korean data exhibited a consistent age effect in all dimensions. In Korea, the age group older than 46 scored the highest, followed by the group between 35 to 45 years old, the group between 26 to 35 years old and the group younger than 25. As for location, Korean distance students from metropolitan were better than those from other regions, whereas it was on the contrary in China, albeit the location effect was not statistically significant. Prior education level had a clear and consistent effect on the SRL ability in both countries: the distance learners from junior colleges had better planning, regulating and evaluating abilities than those who came from senior high schools. These results have been discussed in various contexts of distance/online education as well as in relation to different culture between China and Korea. The results will also have implications for designing distance and online learning generally.

• 분석과학
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.269-276
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• 2016

고산리 유적은 우리나라 최초 토기로 알려진 고산리식 토기가 출토된 초기 신석기시대 유적이다. 이 연구에서는 고산리 유적의 형성 및 점유에 대한 절대연대 편년을 위하여 유적 내 표준 퇴적층에서 채취된 시료를 대상으로 OSL 연대측정을 수행하였다. 각 퇴적층의 고고선량은 $220^{\circ}C$ 열전처리 온도의 단일시료재현법을 적용하여 산출되었으며, 최종적으로 유적의 퇴적환경을 고려하여 maximum age model을 적용하여 결정하였다. 산출된 고고선량을 연간선량율로 나누어 고산리 유적 퇴적층의 OSL 연대를 결정하였다. 각 퇴적층의 OSL 연대와 14C 연대를 종합한 결과, 고산리 유적은 신석기인들에 의해 기원전 9천년 이후에 형성된 이후 고산리식 토기를 포함하는 신석기시대 초기 유적에서부터 다양한 시기의 다양한 유구가 존재해 오다가 기원전 4천년 중반에 폐기되어 현재에 이르렀다고 추론된다.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈E:수학교육논문집
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.367-387
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• 2017

본 연구는 디지털 시대의 대학수학교육이라는 주제로, 21세기 디지털 교육환경에서 한국에 적합한 대학수학교육 강좌를 어떻게 구성하고 운영할 수 있는지에 대한 것이다. 21세기 디지털 시대의 교육 환경은 수학 교수 학습 방법의 변화 뿐 아니라 수학교육에 대한 인식과 철학의 변화에도 지대한 영향을 주고 있다. 본 연구진은 디지털 환경에 적합한 대학수학교육이란 디지털과 첨단 모바일/인터넷 환경을 강의에 적절히 반영하고 이 과정에서 학생이 스스로 학습과정에 참여하도록 안내하는 교육이라고 판단하였다. 따라서 본 연구진은 디지털 시대의 대학수학교육을 위하여 첫째, 다양한 웹 링크와 시뮬레이션 및 계산이 가능한 코드를 갖춘 실습실을 개발하여 강의에 활용함으로써 학생들이 언제 어디서든 실시간으로 실습이 가능하고 둘째, 계산된 결과를 LMS를 통해 동료 및 교수자와 함께 질의 응답 토론하여 개념에 대해 깊게 이해하고 설명할 수 있으며 마지막으로 LMS에서 이루어지는 모든 과정을 평가에 지속적으로 반영하여 학생들이 자신의 학습과정과 문제해결과정을 서술하고 발표하면서 비판적 사고 능력을 자연스럽게 갖추어야 한다는 교수 학습 방향을 제안하였다. 더불어 디지털 교육환경에 가장 적합한 수학강좌 중 하나인 '선형대수학' 강좌에 무료 디지털 전자 교과서와 콘텐츠를 갖추고 연구진이 제안한 방향에 따른 교수 학습 모형과 대학 선형대수학강좌 운영에 대한 구체적인 방법을 제시하였다.