• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.72-79
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• 2024

Background Congenital muscular torticollis (CMT) is a common musculoskeletal disorder in children. Secondary scoliosis can occur in patients with CMT; however, the extent of inclination and improvement of scoliosis after surgical correction of CMT have not been adequately studied. In this study, we aimed to evaluate and measure the improvement in vertebral tilting after surgical correction according to age at the time of surgery. Methods Between June 2007 and January 2020, 831 patients with CMT underwent sternocleidomastoid release. Among them, 426 patients were enrolled, and their medical records were retrospectively reviewed. Ultimately, 210 patients available for radiological evaluation and analysis were enrolled in this study. The patients were divided into four groups according to age at the time of surgery to determine the relationship between age and changes in scoliosis. Results Our findings showed an improvement in scoliosis in all age groups after surgery. The results for follow-up after 1 year confirmed long-term improvement in vertebral tilting. The degree of improvement in scoliosis was significantly higher in the younger age group than in patients aged 18 years or older. Conclusion The effect of surgical release on scoliosis was significant in all age groups. The findings of this study suggest that CMT should be corrected before the age of 3 years to ensure an optimal surgical mitigation of scoliosis. Furthermore, in cases of neglected CMT, surgical release should be actively attempted because there is significant improvement.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.126-137
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• 2002

Objective : There is accumulating data that cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, cerebro-vascular accident, coronary heart disease, relate to atherosclerotic changes. Increased serum levels of lipids could play a role in these circumstances. the SDPTG(the second derivative of photoplethysmogram waveform) is noninvasive methods for evaluating the pulse wave and is correlated with age and other risk factors for atherosclerosis. Methods : To study the effects of serum lipid levels on the SDPTG in the middle-age adults, data on serum lipid levels and the SDPTG were collected in 80 healthy middle age with varying serum lipid concentrations. Biological vascular age was assessed using the SDPTG. the SDPTG consists of an a, b, c, and d wave in systole and an e wave in diastole; an SDPTG aging index(Al) was calculated as (b-c-d-e)/a. Results : Serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, total lipid, phospholipid, HDL cholesterol levels were respectively and significantly correlated with SDPTG Al. Serum lipid levels and blood pressure are age-dependent and the SDPTG is blood pressure-dependent. Restricting analysis to age and blood pressure yield strong positive correlations between serum triglyceride, total lipid levels and SDPTG Al, but no correlations between serum total cholesterol, phospholipid levels and SDPTG Al. Conclusion : The results of this study suggest that preventive acupuncture programs or herbal medications for reducing serum lipid, especially triglyceride, levels in middle-age should include a evaluation of biological vascular aging with the second derivative of photoplethysmogram waveform.

• 대한음성학회지:말소리
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• 제51호
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• pp.57-69
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• 2004

Comprehension monitoring is a process of message evaluation and a very important skill of communication. Comprehension monitoring is a necessary language skill in classroom, as it is important for children to assess their own understanding of task instructions and teaching content. The present study investigated comprehension monitoring skill of children with Specific Language Impairment(SLI) compared to age-matched children and language-matched children. 18 vignettes and 6 displays were constructed. Children were asked to choose one object or 'DK' card from a display after the children listened to the vignettes. The results showed that children with SLI didn't have problem in comprehending unambiguous utterance and using prior statement. However, they had problem in monitoring comprehending ambiguous utterance compared age-matched children. Their performance were similar to language matched younger children. With respect to their performance, several possible explanations were discussed.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.568-579
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• 2001

This study was conducted to identify the characteristics of Korean diet in the view of food and food group intakes. The study subjects consisted of preschool children(PC), elementary school children(EC), high school students(HS), college students(CS), and adults over 30 years old living Seoul and the surrounding areas. The subjects over 30 years old were classified to 30-49 years, 50-69 years, and over 70 years. A dietary survey was conducted using 24-hour recall method and data were collected from 2392 subjects. Rice was a major contributor to many nutrients intake because of the amount of consumption. Vegetable oil made great contribution to fat intakes and eggs, squid, and anchovy supplied much cholesterol compared to other foods in all the age groups. Milk was major contributor of fat and cholesterol as well as calcium in younger age group, and seasoning gave much contribution to iron intakes. Mean dietary variety score(DVS) was 32 for EC group and 17 for subjects over 70 years, and tended to decrease along the increasing age. EC group consumed most variable number of foods of all groups but they consumed many junk foods, therefore the MAR value was low despite their high DVS value. Mean dietary diversity score(DDS) of each age group from PC group to subjects over 70 years was 4.34, 4.28, 3.79, 3.89, 3.76, 3.56, and 3.25, respectively. Food group, which was consumed below the minimum amount, was mainly fruits in all the age groups, and many subjects in HS group and over 30 years consumed dairy products below the minimum amount. From these results, age specific nutritional problems were found. PC group and subjects over 50 years seemed to need more diverse food intake than now, EC group did nutrient dense food, and HS group and subjects over 30 years did dairy products. Also, subjects took various nutrients from rice and seasoning contributed to some nutrients intakes. (Korean J Nutrition 34(5) : 568∼579, 2001)

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.495-505
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• 2002

A study was performed to develop as a screening tool the Simple Evaluation Questionnaire for Screening the Over-weight-type Dietary Pattern in 30 to 49 Year Old Adults. We used the data from the 30 to 49 year old subjects who participated in the three surveys - the health behavior survey, the dietary habit survey and the food intake survey - as the National Health and Nutrition Survey 1998. The 3,598 adults were classified into to two body fatness groups of normal (including underweight) and overweight (including obese) on the basis of their relative body weight (RBW) When comparing variables between the two groups, significant differences were found in gender, education, job, employment status, perceived health status, sadness / depression state, stress level, age, number of diseases, age when overweightedness started, maximum body weight, sleep length, drinking pattern (yes/no) , amount of alcoholic drinks, frequency of intoxication or drunkeness, amount of alcoholic drinks when drunk, intensity of exercise, frequency of exercise, exercise duration, skipped meals, small meals and drug supplements. In terms of food intake, there were significant differences in the daily food intake in terms of breakfast, dinner, daily kimchi and dairy products. In terms of mealtimes, we found differences in the amount of cooked rice at breakfast, kimchi at lunch, soup / kuk at dinner, fresh vegetables for snacks, fried foods for snacks between breakfast and lunch, and fruits /juices for snacks between lunch and dinner. After developing questions with indicators and analyzing the indicators by logistic regression analysis three times, we chose 10 questions for a simple evaluation of dietary patterns for the overweight-type category in order to give one point each. Among them we selected two questions to add one additional point and one question to add two additional points. The average scores of the overweight and normal groups, as shown by the developed questionnaire, were $5.97 \pm 2.36 \pm 7.36 \pm 2.21$, respectively. A score of seven points was selected as the cut-off point. We examined the sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value of the questionnaire to the results of 67%, 59% and 62%, respectively.

• 아동학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.115-128
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• 2004

In this study, we examined the relationship among Multiple Intelligence constructs and the relationship among the sub-areas and analysed the development of the Multiple Intelligence according to age and gender to evaluate Korean children's Multiple Intelligence structures that teachers evaluated based on MIDAS-MYC. The subjects of the study consisted of 158 4-5 year old children (71 4-year-old group(boy 38, girl 33); 87 5-year-old group(boy 40, girl 47)) in Seoul and Gyeonggi. We found several results which are as follows. 1) Reliability on each area of intelligence in MIDAS-MYC was good. 2) The result of confirmatory factor analysis using the model of structural equation modeling was consistent with the results of other studies that children's Multiple Intelligence consists of eight intelligent areas that are independent to each other but are relative to each other. In particular, interpersonal-intrapersonal intelligence, languistic-intrapersonal intelligence, languistic-Interpersonal intelligence, and languistic-logic/math intelligence were high correlation. However, physical/motion-naturalist intelligence and musical-logic/math intelligence were low correlation. 3) Children's multiple intelligence differed according to age and sex, the 5-year-old was higher than 4-year-old and girls were higher than boys in a general way. 4) There was high correlation between the result of evaluation based on MIDAS-MYC and the result of teacher's subjective evaluation about children's Multiple Intelligence.

• 전자공학회논문지
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.69-75
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• 2014

기존의 피플 카운팅 시스템(People Counting System)은 주로 오버헤드(Overhead) 시점에 설치된 단일 카메라를 활용하기 때문에, 겹침 및 가림 현상과 일정 크기 이상의 소지품, 급격한 조명 변화와 같은 외부 환경적 요인들로 인해 객체 인식에 장애가 발생하고, 다양한 환경에서 카운팅을 수행하기에 어려움이 존재한다. 이에 본 논문에서는 기존 단일 시점 피플 카운팅 시스템의 인식 장애 개선 및 외부 환경적 요인들에 보다 강인하게 카운팅할 수 있도록, 오버헤드 및 전면 시점에 두 개의 깊이 카메라를 활용하는 얼굴 나이 그룹별 피플 카운팅 시스템을 제안한다. 제안 시스템은 오버헤드 영상 처리, 전면 영상 처리, 동일 객체 판별, 얼굴 나이 그룹 분류, 입퇴장 카운팅의 총 5가지 처리를 통해 얼굴 나이 그룹별 피플 카운팅을 수행한다. 제안 시스템을 C++, OpenCV 및 Kinect SDK를 기반으로 구현하여, 나이 그룹별로 10명씩 총 40명을 대상으로 피플 카운팅 성능과 나이 그룹 분류 성능을 각각 평가하였다. 성능 평가 결과는 피플 카운팅에서 약 98%의 정확도를 나타냈고, 나이 그룹 분류는 약 74.23%의 정확도를 보였다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.296-308
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• 2022

코로나-19 사태에서 60세 이상 노인들은 우울, 불안,공포 등 다양한 심리건강 문제가 생겼고, 커뮤니티는 노인 활동의 유일한 공간이 되었다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 이론적 고찰, FGI 인터뷰와 계층 분석법 AHP를 활용하여 치유적 고령친화 커뮤니티 환경디자인 평가체계를 제시하였다. 평가체계는 3차원 공간, 10개 상위 계층과 68개 하위 계층이다. 또한 전문가 설문조사와 SPSS 프로그램 분석를 통해 평가체계의 각 지표의 가중치를 배분하였다. 첫째, 물질 공간 환경디자인은 노인들의 일상생활에 대한 공용공간 활동시 쾌적성과 건강성을 충족시켜야 한다. 둘째, 사회적 공간환경 디자인은 노인들의 교류와 사회적 연계를 촉진한다는 취지로 디자인을 한다. 셋째, 운영 공간 환경디자인은 커뮤니티 운영회사의 운영체제를 중요하게 고려하고 있다. 이를 통해 노인의 주거환경 발전을 위한 체계적인 기술적 근거와 행동지침을 제공하여 고령자 심리의 건강 향상을 기대해 본다.

• 대한안과학회지
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• 제59권11호
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• pp.1039-1048
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• 2018

목적: 연령관련황반변성 환자에 대해 항혈관내피성장인자의 가능한 치료 방법에 따라 건강보험 재정에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 대상과 방법: 여러 치료 방법에 따른 건강보험 재정의 변화를 향후 5년(2018-2022년) 동안 추정하였다. 새로운 급여기준 이외 바이오시밀러 등장, 허가초과 비급여약제 사용 등을 고려한 시나리오에 대해서도 재정 영향을 분석하였다. 국민건강보험공단 청구자료 및 의료기관 자료를 기준으로 각 시나리오별로 향후 5년 동안 예상 진료환자 수, 치료 횟수를 추정하였으며, 재정부담을 추계하였다. 결과: 연령관련황반변성에서 현행의 사용형태로 기존 급여기준(평생 14회)이 유지되는 경우(시나리오 1) 2018년 기준 향후 5년간 보험소요재정은 약 4,403억 원으로 추정되었다. 2017년 12월에 변경된 급여기준하에서 5년간 보험소요재정은 약 5,601억 원으로 추정되었다. 2020년 이후 바이오시밀러 급여(시나리오 3), 현재 허가초과 비급여약제인 베바시주맙(시나리오 4)을 급여전환하는 경우에 각각 5,210억 원, 4,197억 원으로 예상되었다. 결론: 본 평생 14회라는 급여기준 삭제로 인해 건강보험 재정이 크게 증가할 것이 예상되었으나 실제 0.1 이하 그리고 반흔화/위축성 병변일 경우 급여 중단 등의 새로운 기준으로 중간폭으로 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 고령화로 인한 연령관련황반변성 유병환자의 증가를 고려할 때 바이오시밀러 및 베바시주맙 도입 등의 정책적 대안도 고려할 수 있다.

• 복식
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• 제55권7호
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• pp.89-100
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to find out differences of visual evaluation according to perceiver's personality(introvert-extrovert) and clothing styles. Subjects were 120 women in age from 18 to 31 years in Seoul. The stimuli of 7 clothing styles were used for visual evaluation. Three dimensions of visual evaluation were derived by falters analysis: elegance, activity individuality, and fashionability. The pants suit was estimated low in activity individuality and fashionability, but the hip-hop style high in activity individuality. The skirt suit was rated high in elegance, but the 8th length pants low in elegance. Personality had significant influences on the evaluation of activity individuality. Extrovert women perceived all stimuli to be more active and individual than introvert. Fashionability factor had an interaction effect by personality and clothing expenses. The introvert women in low clothing expenses group evaluated the stimuli to be more fashionable than the introvert in high clothing expenses group. There were significant differences in preference of all clothing styles according to personality. Extrovert women liked 8th length pants more than introvert. The introvert women in low clothing expenses group liked the skirt suit less than the extrovert.