• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.83-89
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• 1990

The underground parts of foso rugoso(Rosaceae) , which have been used as an antidiabetic in the folk medicines of Korea, lowered the blood pressure inthe normal rat . And from the chloroform soluble fraction, euscaphic acid wasisolated with $\beta$ -sitosterol and campesterol .

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.35 no.2 s.137
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• pp.116-121
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• 2004

Seven compounds, euscaphic acid (1), nepehinol (2), ursolic acid (3), phytol (4), ${\beta}-amyrin$ (5), scopoletin (6), and rutin (7) were isolated from the aerial parts of Synurus excelsus which has been used as Korean traditional medicine to treat rheumatic arthritis and dysmenorrhea. Their structures were established by chemical and spectroscopic methods. All compounds were isolated for the first time from this plant.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.71-75
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• 2014

Nine triterpenes were isolated from the petroleum ether and MeOH extract of Perilla frutescens var. acuta leaves. Their structures were determined to be arjunic acid (1), maslinic acid (2), oleanolic acid (3), euscaphic acid (4), tormentic acid (5), 3-O-trans-p-coumaroyltormentic acid (6), 28-formyloxy-$3{\beta}$-hydroxy-urs-12-ene (7), ursolic acid (8), and corosolic acid (9) by spectroscopic methods. The compounds 1, 2, 4, 6, and 7 were isolated for the first time from this plant and the Genus Labiatae. The isolated compounds (1-9) were tested for cytotoxicity against four human tumor cell lines (A549, SK-OV-3, SK-MEL-2, and HCT-15) in vitro using a Sulforhodamin B bioassay.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.370.1-370.1
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• 2002

Prunella vulgaris var. lilacina (Labiatae) has been used as a Korean traditional medicine for the treatment of. fever. inflammation. urinary disadvantage and cancer. We previously isolated three $\alpha$-amyrin triterpenoids from n-butanol-I extract. They are 3$\alpha$-hydroxyurs-12-ene-28-oic acid (ursolic acid). 2$\alpha$, 3$\alpha$-dihydroxyurs-12-ene-28-oic acid and 2$\alpha$. 3$\alpha$. 19$\alpha$ trihydroxyurs-12-ene-28-oic acid (euscaphic acid) exhibiting cytotoxicity and topoisomerase I inhibition. (omitted)

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.14-19
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• 2015

Several $19{\alpha}$-hydroxyursane-type triterpenoids and hydrolysable tannins have beneficial effects on human health. Rubus crataegifolius (Rosaceae) has the cleft simple leaf whereas R. parvifolius has pinnate compound leaves. This research was aimed to find the variation in the contents of the triterpenoids and tannins between the infected versus uninfected leaves of R. coreanus and R. parvifolius and between young versus mature leaves. Triterpenoids and tannins were quantitatively analyzed by HPLC. Six triterpenoids including tormentic acid, euscaphic acid, 23-hydroxytormentic acid, coreanoside $F_1$, kaji-ichigoside $F_1$ and niga-ichigoside $F_1$ were used for standard compounds. Gallotannins and ellagitannins were quantitatively evaluated using the indicatives of methyl gallate and ellagic acid. The infected leaves of R. crataegifolius contained higher levels of triterpenoids and tannin than the uninfected leaves; however, lower quantity of total tannin was observed in the mature leaves than in the young leaves. Although the pinnate compound leaves of R. parvifolius exhibited similar tendency of those compositional variation with R. crataegifolius each other, its contents of triterpenoids do not considerably vary. Variation of the contents of triterpenoids and tannins were particularly distinct in R. crataegifolius by growth and infection.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.319-325
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• 2009

Twelve compounds were isolated from the 70% ethanol extract of Lonicera Caulis (Caprifoliaceae) and their structures were identified as six triterpenoids [(24S)-cycloart-25-en-$3{\beta}$,24-diol (1), pomolic acid (7), ursolic acid (8), euscaphic acid (9), hederagenin (10), and 23-hydroxytormentic acid (12)] and six sterols [obtusifoliol (2), gramisterol (3), citrostadienol (4), ${\beta}$-sitosterol (5), ergosterol peroxide (6) and ${\beta}$-sitosterol glucoside (11)]. The chemical structures of these compounds were identified on the basis of spectroscopic methods and comparison with literature values. All the compounds were isolated from this plant parts for the first time.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.107-121
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• 2012

Twenty-five compounds were isolated from the methanolic extract of Geum japonicum (Rosaceae), and their structures were identified as eleven triterpenoids [ursolic acid 3-acetate (2), cecropiacic acid 3-methyl ester (3), pomolic acid 3-acetate (5), ursonic acid (6), ursolic acid (7), pomolic acid (8), corosolic acid (9), euscaphic acid (11), arjunic acid (16), tormentic acid (18), 23-hydroxytormentic acid (21)], two saponins [rosamultin (22) and kaji-ichigoside $F_1$ (23)], two megastigmanes [blumenol A (14) and (+)-dehydrovomifoliol (15)], three flavonoids [apigenin (13), isoquercitrin (17) and tiliroside (24)], two ellagic acid derivatives [3,3'-di-O-methylellagic acid (12) and ducheside B (25)] and five others [eugenol (1), emodin (4), vanillic acid (10), gallic aldehyde (19), salidroside (20)]. The chemical structures of these compounds were identified on the basis of spectroscopic methods and comparison with literature values. This is the first report of the eleven compounds, 2~6, 10, 15, 16, 20, 23, and 25 from the genus Geum, as well as the first report of apigenin (13) and 3,3'-di-O-methylellagic acid (12) from G. japonicum. The antioxidant properties of 22 isolates (1~11, 14, 16~25) were evaluated by the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) radical scavenging using 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCF-DA) assay. Among them, isoquercitrin (17) showed significant scavenging activity, and gallic aldehyde (19) and ducheside B (25) showed weak scavenging activity.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.67 no.2
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• pp.137-144
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• 2023

In this study were evaluated the whitening and anti-oxidative activities from the extracts of Sorbus alnifolia branches, and identified the chemical structures of the active ingredients. In the whitening tests using α-MSH stimulated B16F10 melanoma cells, the 70% ethanol extract and n-butanol (n-BuOH) fractions concentration-dependently inhibited cellular melanogenesis and intracellular tyrosinase activities without causing cell toxicity. The total polyphenol content of n-BuOH and ethyl acetate (EtOAc) fractions were measured to be respectively 241.1 ± 1.1 and 222.9 ± 2.4 (mg/g GAE), and the total flavonoid content of EtOAc fraction was 75.3 ± 2.0 (mg/g QE). Upon anti-oxidant studies with DPPH and ABTS⁺ radicals, potent radical scavenging activities were observed in the EtOAc and n-BuOH fractions. Moreover, in the study of cell protection efficacy using HaCaT keratinocytes damaged by H₂O₂, the EtOAc and n-BuOH fractions showed a very positive results on prevention of oxidative stress. Phytochemical studies for this extract resulted in the isolation of four compounds; 2-oxopomolic acid (1), euscaphic acid (2), epi-catechin (3), prunasin (4). These results suggested that the extract of S. alnifolia branches containing compounds 1-4 as natural ingredients could be used as whitening and anti-oxidant ingredients in cosmetic formulations.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.152-159
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• 2007

To demonstrate anti-hyperlipidemic activity of the 19${\alpha}$-hydroxyursane-type triterpenoid (19${\alpha}$-HUT)-rich fraction, this fraction was prepared from the extract of Rubus crataegifolius leaves. This fraction was found to have anti-hyperlipidemic effect in a high fat diet-induced rat model from the observation of reduction of abdominal fat pad weights, atherogenic index and hypercholesterolemia at 30 and 60 mg/kg (p.o.) The 19${\alpha}$-HUT fraction was subjected to SiO$_2$, ODS, and/or Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography to yield a new triterpenoid (1) called pomolic acid ester along with nine known triterpenoids which are all 19${\alpha}$-HUTs: euscaphic acid (2), tormentic acid (3), 23-hydroxytormentic acid (4), kaji-ichigoside F$_1$ (5), rosamultin (6), niga-ichigosides F$_1$ (7) and F$_2$ (8), suavissimoside F$_1$ (9) and coreanoside F$_1$ (10). The structure of compound 1 was established as 28-O-formyl-3,19-dihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid on the basis of 2D-NMR spectroscopic data and mass spectrum. Compound 1 was isolated for the first time from natural sources.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.290-295
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• 2014

The triterpenoids contained in four Rubus species (Rosaceae) were quantitatively analyzed using HPLC to select plants with large quantities of niga-ichigoside $F_1$. Unripe fruits, ripe fruits, and leaves were extracted to estimate the quantity of niga-ichigoside $F_1$, together with Rubus-specific $19{\alpha}$-hydroxyursane-type triterpenoids, euscaphic acid, tormentic acid, and kaji-ichigoside $F_1$, and a dimeric triterpenoid coreanoside $F_1$. Niga-ichigoside $F_1$ was most abundant in the leaves of R. crataegifolius (23.4 mg/g dry weight). The amount of triterpenoid in the black, ripe fruits of R. coreanus was lower than the unripe fruits of the same plant. On the other hand, the ripe fruits of three plants, R. crataegifolius, R. parvifolius and R. pungens var. oldhami, which are reddish, contained higher or similar level of triterpenoids than their unripe fruits. In addition, the concentration of niga-ichigoside $F_1$ in the ripe fruit of R. crataegifolius was 20.5 mg/g, suggesting that the fruits could be used as a functional food. Methyl gallate and ellagic acid were used as quantitative indices of total tannin. Methyl gallate levels were higher in ripe fruits than unripe fruits in R. crataegifolius, R. pungens var. oldhami, and R. parvifolius. In R. crataegifolius, the quantity of methyl gallate was 30.5 mg/g in ripe fruit, but 1.19 mg/g in unripe fruit.