• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.1391-1398
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• 2005

The anti-thrombic properties of the oriental herbal medicine Daejowhan(DJW, 大造丸) which consists of 11 kinds of herbs (indicated as ratio) of Rehmanniae Radix 24%, Hominis Placenta 5%, Testudinis Carapax 9%, Eucommiae Cortex 9%, Asparagi Radix 9%, Phellodendri Cortex 9%, Achyranthis Radix 7%, Liriopis Tuber 7%, Angelicae Sinensis Radix 7%, Ginseng Radix 5% and Schizandrae Fructus 3% were investigated. The water extracts from DJW inhibited Platelet-activating factor(PAF) induced platelet aggregation. DJW was extracted with methanol and further fractionated by ethylacetate. A 70% methanol extract showed a strong inhibition against PAF-induced aggregation in vitro and in vivo assays. The ethylacetate soluble fraction was shown to have inhibitory effect on PAF-induced platelet aggregation in vitro assay. The ethylacetate soluble fraction specially protected against the lethality of PAF, while verapamil did not afford any protection. These results indicate that the water extracts and alcoholic-fractions inhibit the action of PAF in vivo by an antagonistic effect on PAF, so that it may be useful in treating disorders caused by PAF, such as acute allergy, inflammation, asthma, gastrointestinal ulceration, toxic shock and so forth. DJW was investigated regarding its assumed anti-thrombic action on human platelets which was deduced from its ability to suppress Arachidonic acid(AA)-induced aggregation, exocytosis of ATP, and inhibition of Cyclooxygenase(COX) and Thromboxane synthase(TXS) activity. The latter two effects were estimated from the generation of Prostaglandin $E_2(PGE_2)$ and Thromboxane $A_2(TXA_2)$ respectively. Exogenously applied AA ($100{\mu}mol/{\ell}$) provoked a $89\%$ aggregation of platelets, the release of 14 pmol ATP, and the formation of either 225 pg $TXA_2$ or 45 pg $PGE_2$, each parameter being related to 106 platelets. An application of DJW 5 min before AA dose-dependently diminished aggregation, ATP-release and the synthesis of $TXA_2$ and $PGE_2$ with $IC_{50}$ values of 74, 108, 65, $72{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, respectively. The similarity of the $IC_{50}$ values suggest an inhibition of COX by DJW as primary target, thus suppressing the generation of $TXA_2$ which induces aggregation of platelets and exocytosis of ATP by its binding on $TXA_2$-receptors.

• The Journal of Dong Guk Oriental Medicine
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.159-169
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• 1999

Osteomalacia is syndrome of diverse etiology. characterized pathophysiologically by a failure of normal mineralization of bone and epiphyseal cartilage. This study was performed to investigate causes of disease, pathogenic mechanisms, symptoms, therapies and precriptions through the successive medical literatures. recent chinese medical literatures and chinese medical journals. It is similar to atrophic debility of bones, bone leaning, bone exhaustion, rheumatism involving the bone, osteodynia and cold and heat of bone etc. of oriental medicine. The most principal cause of this is deficiency of kidney. similar to hypophosphatemia caused by increased renal clearance and deficiency of vitamin D, and the rest are senility, deficiency of spleen, deficiency of qi and deficiency of blood. There are nourishing the kidney and spleen, nourishing the qi and blood, warming and passing the muscle and mac, passing an articulation an invigorating the muscle and bone, in principal therapy. And in medical herbs are rehmanniae radix preparat, corni fructus, discoreae rhizoma, cuscutae semen, tigridis os, juglandis semen, hominis placenta, drynariae rhizoma, eucommiae cortex, cynomorii herba, cervi cornus colla, cervi pantotrichum cornu, moutan cortex, polygoni multiflori radix, angelicae gigantis radix, achyranthis bidentatae radix, cibotii rhizoma, hirudo, eupolyphaga, spatholobi caulis, salviae miltiorrhizae radix, draconis resina, curcumae longae rhizoma. In care there are a sun-bath, exercise, high protein diet and taking vitamin D. And they reduce smoking, coffee, drinking etc.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.31-38
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• 2022

Objectives : In this study, we investigated the synergistic protective effects of medicinal herbal mixture (HME) including Mori Ramulus (MR), Acanthopanacis Cortex (AC), Eucommiae Cortex (EC), and Black soybean (BS) in C2C12 cells, mouse myoblasts. Methods : Effects of HME on cell viability of C2C12 myoblasts were monitored by MTT assay. Anti-atrophic activity of HME was determined in myoblasts and myotubes under oxidative stress by H₂O₂. C2C12 myoblasts were differentiated into myotubes in a medium containing 2% horse serum for 6 days. After that, we measured that expression of MyoD and myogenine, the myogenic regulatory factors, to identify the mechanism of inhibiting muscle atophy after HME treatment. In addition, suppression of phosphorylation of Akt, FoxO3a and MARF-1, transcription factors of degradation proteins were analyzed via western blotting. Results : As a result of MTT, HME there was no show cytotoxicity up to a concentration of 1 mg/ml. The cytoprotective effects on oxidative stressed myoblast and myotube was better in HME extract than those of MR, AC, EU, and BS, respectively. HME treatment in Myotube induced by oxidative stress after H₂O₂ treatment increased Myo D, Myogenine activation, and Akt, FoxO3a phosphorylation and decreased expression of MuRF-1. As the results, HME has synergistic effects on protection against proteolysis of C2C12 myotubes through activation of the Akt signaling pathway under oxidative stress. Conclusions : These results suggest that HME may also be useful as a preventing and treating material for skeletal muscle atrophy caused by age-related diseases.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.312-316
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• 2013

The objective of this study was to establish an analytical method to detect zearalenone (ZEA) in herbal medicines and their decoctions and investigate the ZEA transfer rate from raw materials of herbal medicines to their decoctions. Herbal medicines (Trichosanthis Semenm, Eucommiae Cortex, Rubi Fructus) spiked with a known concentration of ZEA were presoaked or unsoaked (as a pretreatment) and boiled for 3 h at $100^{\circ}C$ or autoclaved for 1 h at $121^{\circ}C$. The decoction and the remnants were separated, cleaned up with an immunoaffinity column, and analyzed using HPLC. Recoveries for decoctions and remnants were 68.39-83.68% and 72.91-80.25%, respectively. ZEA was not detected in the decoction, whereas it was found in the remnants. Although ZEA in the raw material of herbal medicines was not transferred into the decoction during heating and autoclaving, the continuous monitoring for ZEA in raw herbal medicines should be carried out for the safe ingestion and utilization of herbal medicines.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.318-346
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• 1994

A Bibliographical study was done about lumbago in oriental internal Medicine. The results are as follows. 1. Shenxu,sexual active, senile, Feng, Han, Shi, shiji, Tanyin and Qi lumbago are applicable to internal medical lumbago in oriental medicine, and Shenxu is essential pathogenesis. 2. Shenxu lumbago is characterized by continous pain, improved after chiropsia, deep pulse in Chi pulse, and used QingeWan, LiuweiDihuangWan and AnshenWan in herb-medicine. and Cortex Eucommiae, Radix Rehmanniae Praeparata and Fructus Psoraleae in drugs for the purpose of ZishenYijing, and related to lumbago caused by chronic prostatitis, calculus or tumor in kidney and diabetes mellitus. 3. Sexual active lumbago is dim-aching and weak pain in or after sexual life at low back and knee joint, and classified to Shenyang Buzu, ShenjingKuisun. GanshenYinxu and XinshenBujiao ; Liuwei Dihuang Wan, ZuoguiWan In herb-medicine. Cornu Cervi Pantotrichum, Fructus Lycii and Fructus Corni in drug were used for treatment. 4. Senile Lumbago is a kind of consumptive disease due to exhaused essential energy and caused by lack of Shenjing, Yangqi ; and described as repeated mild dim pain and ErzhiWan, QingeWan and MoyaoGao were used frequently, supposed to connected with osteoporosis, osteomalacia and osteoarthropathy deformons caused by aging. 5. Feng lumbago is attacked by Liuyin, and characterized by chilling and fever. stabbing pain from thoracic and lumbar vertebrae to pedes, and used WujiXan, XiaoxumingTang for treatment. Han lumbago is caused by cold's attacking Shenjing, distinguished for chilling,icing sense improved by heat on low back, and used WujiXan, JiangfuTang. Shi lumbago is caused by damp's inflowing Shenjing, described as stone-like lumbago which was subsided low back pain growing worse by gloomy rain, and used ShenshiTang. ShenzhuTang for the purpose of ZaoshiXingqi. And it is supposed that lumbago occured in the initial of urinary track infection was belong to those of Feng,Han and Sill's. 6. Sillji lumbago is caused by pathogen being in the spleen and the stomach, and used ChenxiangJiangqiTang, PingweiSan for treatment. And it is supposed that it belong to lumbago caused by gastrointerstinal disease such as peptic ulcer. gastroduodenal tumor and colonic inflammatory disease. 7. Tanyin lumbago is caused by Tanyin's flowing meridian, characterized by thoracolumbar verterber's heaviness, covered sense with something on low back and painless massage. Kuaiqi-drug are added to ErchenTang, DaotanTang for treatment, and it supposed that Tanyin lumbago's belong to that accompanied with metabolic disease such as obesity and gout. 8. Qi lumbago is caused by excessive stress such as melancholy and fury, described as multiple stabbing pain, an unexpected on and improvement, ranging back pain until flank and abdomine. Tiaoqi-drugs were added to RenshenShunqiSan, WuyaoShunqiSan for treatment, and it supposed to connecting with emotional lumbago such as hysteria, feigned illness and anxiety psychosis.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.152-157
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• 2014

This study was carried out to investigate the residual sulfur dioxide residues ($SO_2$) in commercial medicinal herbs in Korea in 2013. Among a total of 116 samples of 11 different kinds of herbs, 71 samples (11 Kinds) were domestic, and 45 samples (10 Kinds) were imported. The residual contents of $SO_2$ in the samples were determinated by a modified Monier-Williams method. Of the 116 samples, 6 samples (5.2%, 4 Kinds) failed to meet the regulations for sulfur dioxide residues of KFDA in medicinal herbs. Among 6 unsuitable samples, 1 samples (1.4%) were domestic, and 5 samples (11.1%, 3 Kinds) were imported. The highest amount of sulfur dioxide residues was 1546.3 mg/kg (Lycii Fructus) in the domestic samples. Regardless of region, $SO_2$ contents were not found at Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, Citri Unshius Pericarpium, Eucommiae Cortex, Forsythiae Fructus, Gardeniae Fructus, Leonuri Herba and Lonicerae Folium et caulis. These data will be used as a basic data for the future legislation on the regulation and control of sulfur dioxide of herbal medicines.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.931-938
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• 2002

The growth of enterobacteria, Bifidobacterium infantis KCTC 3270, was promoted by natural products bearing antioxidative capacity and mixed combinations of two, three and four kinds of them. B. infantis was expressed a good growth by Aurantii nobilis pericarpium majus L., Astragali radix, Epimedii herba, alone, and two mixed combinations of Epimedii herba and Theae folium, Epimedii herba and Crataegi fructus, Epimedii herba and Eucommiae cortex, and three mixed combinations of Theae folium, Epimedii herba and Chelidonium majus L., Theae folium, Epimedii herba and Aurantii nobilis pericarpium, Theae folium, Chelidonium majus L. and Auantii nobilis pericar pium, Theae folium, Chelidonium majus L. and Astragali radix, Theae folium, Aurantii nobilis pericarpium and puerariae radix, Epimedii herba, Chelidonium majus L. and Aurantii nobilis pericarpium, and four mixed com-binations of Theae folium, Chelidonium majus L., Astragali radix and Epimedii herba, and Theae folium, Chelidonium majus L., Astragali radix and Puerariae readix, and Theae folium, Epimedii herba, Aurantii nobilis pericarpium and Puerariae radix, and Theae folium, Chelidonium majus L., Aurantii nobilis pericarpium and Puerariae radix. The best four mixed combination ofr the growth of B. infantis was Theae folium, Chelidonium majus L. Astragali radix and Epimedii herba, which promoted 2.1 times than that of control, and its antioxidative capacity was also 5 times higher, and the ratio of elimination of hydroxyl radical was more than 80% in each dilution rate. As these combinations of natural products might activate some parts of body, they could be applied to pharmaceutical applications, functional foods, antiaging tea, also expected to promote useful bacterial growth for fermentative beverage bearing multifunction.