• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.520-523
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• 2000

Anti-ulcer effects of depolymerized alginate (HAG-10, average molecular weight 10,000; HAG-50, average molecular weight 50,000; HAG-100, average molecular weight 100,000) obtained by hydrolysis of alginate by heating at $121^{\circ}C$, against $HCl{\cdot}ethanol$ and water-immersion stress in rats were investigated. The acute gastritis, induced by $HCl{\cdot}ethanol$, and the gastric ulcer, induced by water-immersion stress, were inhibited dose-dependently by administration of HAG-50, HAG-100 and alginate. Histopathological lesions of the gastritis and gastric ulcer in rats treated with HAG-50, HAG-100 and alginate were significantly lower than those in rats fed with HAG-10. The inhibition rates (${\%}$) on acute gastritis induced by $HCl{\cdot}ethanol$ and gastritis ulcer induced by water-immersion stress in rats, were $13.00{\%}\;and\;15.74{\%}$of HAG-10, $41.15{\%}\;and\;35.72{\%}$ of HAG-50, $41.58{\%}\;and\;35.37{\%}$ of HAG-100, and $45.17{\%}\;and\;41.11{\%}$ of alginate, respectively. These results suggested that HAG-50, HAG-100 and slginate had a protective effect against the gastritis and gastric ulcer. The effect was not as visible when using HAG-10 in rats. From the present results, it was suggested that HAG-50 was an effective anti-ulcer agent against $HCl{\cdot}ethanol$and water-immersion stress in rats.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.15-18
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• 1998

The entanol productivity of superoxide dismutase (SOD)-deficient mutants of Saccharo-Myces cerevisiae was examined under the oxidative stress by Paraquat. It was observed that MnSOD-deficient mutant of S. cerevisiae had higher ethanol productivity than wild type or CuZnSOD-deficient yeast both in aerobic and in anaerobic culture condition. Pyruvated dehydrogenase activity decreased by 35% and alcohol dehydrogenase activity increased by 32% were observed in MnSOD-deficient yeast grown aerobically. When generating oxygen radicals by Paraquat, the ehanol productivity was increased by 40% in CuZnSOD-deficient or wild strain, resulting from increased activity of alcohol dehydrogenase and decreased a activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase. However, the addition of ascorbic acid with Paraquat returned the enzyme activities at the level of control. These results imply that SOD-deficiency in yeast strains may cause the metabolic flux to shift into anaerobic ethanol fermentation in order to avoid their oxidative damages by Paraquat.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.188-202
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• 2011

Objectives : Oxidative stress seems to play a major role in mechanisms by which ethanol causes liver injury. Previous studies have shown that treatment with Chungganhaeju-tang (Qingganjiejiu-tang, CGHJT) has protective effects on alcoholic liver disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Chungganhaeju-tang on oxidative stress. Materials and Methods : In vitro, we evaluated the inhibitory activities of CGHJT on DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl), xanthine oxidase, trypsin, and hyaluronidase, and measured cell viability, and proliferation. In the cell culture model, we measured the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) after CGHJT treatment in C34 and E47 cell lines, HepG2 cells transfected with/without the cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) gene. In vivo, we measured malondialdehyde levels in the liver tissue and alcohol concentration in the blood. Results : CGHJT showed significant free radical scavenging activity against DPPH and xanthine oxidase in the in vitro study, and increased cell viability, proliferation, and activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase in C34 and in E47 cell lines. CGHJT reduced malondialdehyde levels and blood alcohol concentration in vivo, as well. Conclusions : This study suggests that CGHJT has antioxidant effects on oxidative stress by reducing lipid peroxidation and inhibiting the ethanol induced suppression of antioxidant enzyme activities.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.29 no.7
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• pp.721-728
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• 1996

The level of oxidative tissue damage caused by free radicals generated from ethanol oxidation was determined in the myocardium of chronic ethanol fed-rats and the protective action of various radical scavenging enzymes was monitored, also. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were given ethanol in an amount of 36% of total calories via Lieber-DeCarli liquid diet for 6 weeks. Control group was pair-fed with the diet containing isocaloric amount of dextrin-maltose instead of ethanol. Chronic ethanol administration resulted in the increased amount of myocardial thiobarbituric acid reactive substance(TBARS), th parameter of lipid peroxidation, under our experimental condition. Chronic ethanol ingestion did not cause any change in activities of either glutathione peroxidase or glutathione reductase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase were decreased after ethanol treatment. Therefore, chronic ethanol administration seemed to cause considerble changes in cellular defense function against oxidative tissue damage in rat myocardium through glutathione utilizing system and radical generation system. However the ultimate net result of chronic ethanol inestion on the myocardium of rat was the oxidative tissue damage revealed by increased TBARS content.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.219-225
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• 2017

We investigated the anti-oxidative effect of the blueberry duke (Vaccinium corymbosum L., Ericaceae) ethanol extract in Caenorhabditis elegans model. The ethanol extract of blueberry duke showed relatively significant DPPH radical scavenging and superoxide quenching activities. To prove antioxidant activity of the extract, we checked the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, intracellular ROS, and oxidative stress tolerance in C. elegans. In addition, to verify if the increased stress tolerance of C. elegans by treating with the extract was due to regulation of stress-response genes, we checked SOD-3 expression using a transgenic strain. As a consequence, the blueberry duke ethanol extract increased SOD and catalase activities of C. elegans, and reduced intracellular ROS accumulation in a dose-dependent manner. Besides, blueberry duke ethanol extract-treated CF1553 worms showed higher SOD-3::GFP intensity.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.269-275
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• 2008

Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) has been widely used as an anti-inflammatory agent in oriental medicine. In the current study, we investigated the protective effect, and the possible mechanism, of dandelion extracts against ethanol-induced acute hepatotoxicity in C57BL/6 mice. Dandelion water and ethanol extract was administered at 2 g/kg body weight (BW) once daily for 7 consecutive days, whereas control and ethanol groups received water by gavage. Ethanol (50% ethanol; 6 g/kg BW) was administered 12 hr before sacrificing the mice in order to generate liver injury. Significantly increased serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities as well as liver triglyceride (TG) and cholesterol levels were attenuated by dandelion supplementation. In addition, dandelion extracts not only enhanced alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and anti-oxidative enzyme activities, but reduced lipid peroxidation. Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP 2E1), one of the critical enzymes xenobiotic metabolism, expression was lower with ethanol treatment but restored by dandelion supplementation. These results were confirmed by improved histopathological changes in fatty liver and hepatic lesions induced by ethanol. In conclusion, dandelion could protect liver against ethanol administration by attenuating of oxidative stress and inflammatory responses.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2022.09a
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• pp.119-119
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• 2022

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic may be stressful for people. Public health actions, such as social distancing, can make people feel isolated and lonely and can increase stress and anxiety. As a result, there is a growing interest towards various materials to relieve stress. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the anti-stress effects of ethanol extract of Ziziphus jujuba in PC12 cells treated with corticosterone and its underling mechanisms. Furthermore, the viability of the cells, the apoptosis of the cells, the level of phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (p-ERKs) expression were measured by MTT assay, LDH assay, Hoechst staining assay and western blotting. Our results showed that the extract of Ziziphus jujuba reversed corticosterone-induced damage in PC12 cells, which increased cell viability, decreased LDH release, and attenuated corticosterone-induced apoptosis as compared with the corticosterone-treated group. Therefore, these data suggest that the extract of Ziziphus jujuba could be a good candidate for development as a functional food supplement in the improve the anti-stress effect.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.155-168
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• 2003

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of Keuibi-tang (KBT) on the injury of gastric mucous membrane by stress and ethanol in mice. The normal group was non-inflammation elicited mice. The two control groups were mice with gastro-inflammation elicited by stress and ethanol. The two sample groups were mice administered KBT before gastro-inflammation elicitation. In the common morphology and histochemical change, the two control groups were observed with various injuries such as hemorrhagic erosion and ulcer, while the sample group was the same as the normal group. In the immunohistochemical change, the distributions of PNA and COX-1 treated with KBT noticeably increased over the control group (P<0.05). The distributions of $NF-{\kappa}B$ p50, COX-2 and TUNEL in the group treated with KBT were noticeably lower than in the control group (P<0.05). The distribution of KBT was the same as the normal group. According to the above results, it is supposed that KBT is applicable to gastritis and gastric ulcer due to stress and alcoholic drinks.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.31-37
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• 2017

Glutamate-induced oxidative stress results in neuro-degenerative disorders in many central nervous system (CNS) such as Alzheimer's disease, ischemia, Huntington's disease, and Parkinson's disease. Our study was performed to investigate neuroprotective effects of Allium hookeri extracts (leaf, root, and whole) on glutamate-induced HT22 cells. In this study, ethanol extract of A. hookeri showed the outstanding neuroprotective effect in HT22 cells. In addition, we found that ethanol extract of A. hookeri root increased heme oxygenase (HO)-1 in HT22 cells. Moreover, ethanol extract of A. hookeri root also upregulated nuclear accumulation of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in HT22 cells. These results demonstrate that ethanol extract of A. hookeri root contributes neuroprotective effects against glutamate-induced oxidative stress in HT22 cells, via Nrf2-mediated HO-1 expression. Our study suggests that ethanol extract of A. hookeri root could be the potential agent for the treatment of many neuro-degenerative diseases.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.409-417
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• 1991

To investigate effects of chronic alcohol consumption and tocopherol on lipid peroxidation and mitochondrial respiration 48 male rats of Sprague-Dawley strain were divided into 4 groups. Each group received for 3 weeks one of 4 experimental diets: tocopherol deficient control (TDC), tocopherol deficient-ethanol (TDE), tocopherol-supplemented control (TSC) and tocopherol-supplemented-ethanol (TSE). Composition of the diets was based on the Lieber and Decarli liquid diet and $\alpha$-tocopherol was supplemented at the level of 30mg/liter of diet, and ethanol supplied 36kcal%. TDC and TSC were pair-fed to TDE and TSE, respectively. Increase of body weight of tocopherol deficient-ethanol group was the lowest and the effect was diminished with tocopherol supplementation. Respiration of liver mitochondria was depressed in ethanol-administered groups and the effect became larger with tocopherol deficiency. Hepatic lipid peroxide level was not influenced by ethanol, but hepatic tocopherol content decreased with ethanol treatment. The result indicated that, although lipid perroxide level was unchanged with chronic ethanol consumption, oxidative stress exists in tissues of rate administered ethanol and may be relieved by tocopherol supplementation.