• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.192-196
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• 2004

The in vitro effect of bisphenol A (BPA) on ovarian steroidogenesis of the longchin goby (Chasmichthys dolichognathus) was investigated. Oocytes taken during the maturing phase (vitellogenic, fully vitellogenic or germinal vesicle breakdown stage) were incubated with BPA (100 ng/mL) in the presence of exogenous precursor $^{3}H-17\alpha\;hydroxyprogesterone\;(^{3}H-17\alphaOHP).$ Steroids were extracted from the media and the isolated oocytes, and the extracts were separated and identified by thin layer chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The identities of the major metabolites were progestogens $[17{\alpha}-hydroxy,20{\alpha}-dihydroprogesterone\;(17{\alpha}20{\alpha}OHP)\;and\;17{\alpha}-hydrxy,20{\beta}-dihydroprogesterone\;(17{\alpha}20{\beta}OHP),$ androgens [androstenedione (A4) and testosterone (T)] and estrogens [estrone $(E_1)\;and\;estradiol-17{\beta}(E_2)].$ BPA treatment inhibited production of estrogens in all the maturing phases and progestogens in the germinal vesicle migrating stage. Percentage yield of estrogens was decreased with increased yield of androgens. In conclusion, BPA had an inhibitory effect on the conversion of $^3H-17\alphaOHP$ to estrogens and progestogens. These results demonstrate that BPA can act either estrogenic or anti-estrogenic effects.

• 한국해양바이오학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.75-80
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• 2020

In the present study, the estrogenic activity and anti-osteoclastogenic activity of the Myelophycus simplex extract were evaluated using T47D-Kbluc cells and bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs). As a result of the measurement of the estrogenic activity in the T47D-Kbluc cell line, the Myelophycus simplex extract showed increased estrogenic activity in a dose-dependent manner in association with its concentration. To confirm the regulatory effect of the Myelophycus simplex extract on the estrogen-responsive gene, the Myelophycus simplex extract showed a similar tendency to estradiol: the expression of estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) was significantly decreased while the expression of estrogen receptor 2 (ESR2) was increased. Furthermore, the Myelophycus simplex extract exhibited an inhibitory effect on osteoclast differentiation. In conclusion, these Myelophycus simplex extracts might be regarded as candidates for further studies or the development of functional food products or medicine to prevent or avoid postmenopausal symptoms for women.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.95-102
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• 2004

현재 국내 사용중이며 내분비계 장애추정농약으로 분류된 benomyl, carbaryl, endosulfan등 17종 농약에 대한 estrogen성 영향을 검색하기 위하여 인체난소암세포(BG1Luc4E2)를 이용한 luciferase assay를 수행하였으며, luciferase assay에서 Eeq를 산출한 후 내분비계 장애추정 농약의 에스트로겐성 영향에 대한 식이섭취 위험도 평가를 실시하였다. Estrogen 수용체 결합시험에서 cypermethrin, dicofol, endosulfan, esfenvalerate 및 fenvalerate가 $10^{-5}$ M에서 최고 영향이 관찰되었고, mancozeb 등 8종 농약은 약한 영향이 관찰되었으며, benomyl 등 나머지 4종 농약은 영향이 없었다. 이들 중 활성이 비교적 강한 dicofol 및 endoeulfan의 1 nmol 17 $\beta$-estradiol에 대한 RLP 와 RLU는 dicofol의 경우 $10^{-5}$ 및 56%이었구, endosulfan은 $10^{-5}$ 및 72%이었다. MRL을 이용한 식이섭취 위험도 평가 결과 농약들의 추청 1일 최대농약섭취량은 cypermethrin 0.667, dicofol 0.1462, endosulfan 0.2066 및 lenvalerate/esfenvalerate 0.2098 mg/person으로 총 추정 1일 최대 농약섭취량이 1.2298 mg/person이었고, 남성 혈중 에스트로겐 증가 농도는 3.075 ng/L로 정상농도에 비해 15%정도 증가하였으나, 국내 모니터링 성적을 기준으로 평가한 결과 남성혈중 에스트로겐 증가 농도는 0.01938 ng/L로 정상농도에 비해 0.09693%정도 증가하였다.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.177-184
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• 2006

The characteristic biodegradation of monomeric styrene by Phanerochaete chrysosporium KFRI 20742, Trametes versicolor KFRI 20251 and Daldinia concentrica KFRI 40-1 was carried out to examine the resistance, its degradation efficiency and metabolites analysis. The estrogenic reduction effect of styrene by the fungi was also evaluated. The mycelium growth of fungi differentiated depending on the concentration levels of styrene. Additionally P. chrysosporium KFRI 20742 showed superior mycelium growth at less than 200 mg/l, while D. concentrica KFRI 40-1 was more than 200 mg/l. The degradation efficiency reached 99 % during one day of incubation for all the fungi. Both manganese-dependent peroxidase and laccase activities in liquid medium were the highest at the initial stage of incubation, whereas the lowest was after the addition of styrene. However, both activities were gradually recovered after. The major metabolites of styrene by P. chrysosporium KFRI 20742 were 2-phenyl ethanol, benzoic acid, cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione, butanol and succinic acid. From one to seven days of incubating the fungi, the expression of pS2 mRNA widely known as an estrogen response gene was decreased down to the level of baseline after one day. Also, the estrogenic effect of styrene completely disappeared after treatment with supernatant of P. chrysosporium KFRI 20742 from one week of culture down to the levels of vehicle.

• 한국환경독성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경독성학회 2001년도 춘계심포지움 및 학술발표회
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• pp.125-125
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• 2001

It has been hypothesized that environmental estrogens may play roles in the increasing incidence of breast and testicular cancers and another problems of the reproductive systems. Alkylphenols which are widely used as plastic additives and surfactants have been shown to induce estrogenic responses. The E-screen assay was developed to assess the estrogenedity of environmental chemicals using the profiferation effect of estrogens on their target cells as an end point. (omitted)

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.1
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• pp.165.2-166
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• 2003

Diesel exhaust is suspected to cause acute and chronic adverse effects on health. In recent. the effect of estrogenic endocrine disruptor in diesel particulate matter was little studied. Therefore, we examined the estrogenic activity of respirable diesel exhaust particulate matter derived from diesel engine motor. PM2.5 diesel exhaust of vehicle was collected using a high volume samples equipped with a cascade impactor. (omitted)

• 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회 2001년도 Korean Environmental Mutagen Society
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• pp.162-162
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• 2001

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제45권10호
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• pp.1430-1437
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 아이소플라본 함량이 서로 다른 한국산 4 품종(아가 8호, 우람, 다원콩 및 청자 3호)의 콩에 대하여 발아에 따른 아이소플라본 조성 및 에스트로겐 유사활성의 변화를 살펴보았다. 아이소플라본 조성은 발아에 따라 총아이소플라본, glycosides 계열, acetyl glycoside 계열 및 비배당체는 증가하였지만, malonyl glycosides 계열은 감소하였다. 품종에 따라 발아 전에는 아가 8호> 청자3호> 우람> 다원 순으로 총아이소플라본 함량이 높게 나타났고, 발아 후에는 다원 품종이 우람 품종에 비해 높게 나타났다. 에스트로겐 유사활성은 아이소플라본 함량이 높은 아가 8호 및 청자 3호가 $25{\mu}g/mL$의 농도에서 발아 후 135.34 및 121.05%의 높은 세포 증식 효과를 보였다. 또한, 에스트로겐 유사활성이 높게 나타난 아가 8호 및 청자 3호의 발아콩 추출물은 에스트로겐과 병용 처리 시 낮은 세포생존률을 보여 항에스트로겐 유사활성을 보였다. 이러한 결과로부터 아이소플라본 함량이 높은 아가 8호 및 청자 3호에서 에스트로겐 유사활성이 높게 나타나 품종에 따른 영향을 크게 받는 것으로 나타났으며, 아이소플라본 함량과 에스트로겐 유사활성간의 높은 상관관계를 확인하였다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권23호
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• pp.10067-10070
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• 2015

Background: Unopposed estrogen has a central role in development of endometrial benign, premalignant and malignant lesions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-estrogenic effect of metformin on endometrial histology in comparison with progesterone. Materials and Methods: A total of 43 patients who were referred to our center for abnormal uterine bleeding and had a histologic diagnosis were disordered proliferative endometrium or simple endometrial hyperplasia were included and randomly distributed in two groups treated with metformin (500mg Bid) or megestrol (40mg daily), respectively, for three months. After this period the patients were evaluated by another endometrial biopsy to assess the impact of the two drugs in restoring normal endometrial histology. Results: Our findings revealed that metformin could induce endometrial atrophy in 21 out of 22 patients (95.5%) while this positive response was achieved in only 13 out of 21 patients (61.9%) in the megstrol group. In addition two low grade endometrial carcinomas in the metformin group responded very well. Conclusions: We conclude that metformin could be used as an effective antiestrogenic agent in control of abnormal endometrial proliferative disorders.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.31-37
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• 2002

이 연구는 무지개송어, O. mykiss 간세포 배양을 이용해 합성화학물질인 2,4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D)가 vitellogenin (VTG) 합성과 estrogen (E$_2$) - estrogen receptor (ER) binding affinity에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 간세포는 2일간 전 배양한 후에 E, (2$\times$10$\^$-6/ M) 또는 2,4-D (10$\^$-9/∼10$\^$-6/ M)를 배지에 첨가해 5일간 배양한 후, VTG과 E$_2$-ER binding affinity를 SDS-PAGE와 ELISA를 이용해 각각 조사하였다. 사용된 2,4-D의 농도는 세포의 형태, 생존력 및 DNA 함량에는 영향을 미치지 않았다. 또한, 2,4-D는 VTG의 합성에도 어떠한 영향도 미치지 않았으나 E$_2$-ER binding affinity를 억제하였다. 이 binding affinity는 2,4-D의 농도가 증가할수록 증가하는 경향을 나타내어 10$\^$-7/과 10$\^$-6/ M에서 25%와 30%를 각각 억제하였다. 이 결과들은 비록 2,4-D가 VTG의 합성에는 영향을 미치지 않지만, ER에서 xeno-estrogenic contaminant로서 행동하는 것을 제시하였다.