• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.21 no.2 s.74
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• pp.52-56
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• 2006

This paper describes the methods for the detection of shorted-turn in the rotor of a cylindrical synchronous generator. A search coil is installed in the air-gap to detect the shorted-turn. The occurrence of a fault in the rotor winding results in a decrease of the induced voltages in the stator. And the magnitude of the rotor flux can be estimated by using the search coil and the estimated stator voltages respectively. And the magnitude of the estimated rotor flux is used for discriminating the rotor windings short or not by detecting the magnitude of the rotor flux. The method using a search coil located in the air-gap can detect not only the occurrence of a turn fault but also its position in the rotor winding. But the method using the estimated stator voltages gives the magnitude of the rotor flux, and only the number of a short-turn.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2007.07a
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• pp.23-24
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• 2007

Most of modern wind turbines employs a doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) system because it has many advantages due to variable-speed operation, relatively high efficiency and it small converter size. The DFIG system uses a wound rotor induction machine so that the magnetizing current of the generator can be fed from both the stator and the rotor. This paper presents a protection relaying algorism for DFIG using the DQ equivalent circuits. The induced voltages calculated from the stator and rotor sides are nearly the same in the steady state. They become different in the DQ equivalent circuits during an internal fault. The proposed algorithm compares the inducted voltages estimated from the stator and the rotor circuit converted into the stationary reference frame. If the difference between the induced voltages exceeds the threshold, the proposed algorithm detects an turn-to-turn fault.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.371-378
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• 2010

Most modern wind turbines employ a doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) system due to its many advantages, such as variable speed operation, relatively high efficiency, and small converter size. The DFIG system uses a wound rotor induction machine so that the magnetizing current of the generator can be fed from both the stator and the rotor. We propose a protection algorithm for a DFIG based on a d-q equivalent circuit in the time domain. In the DFIG, the voltages and currents of the rotor side and the stator side are available. The proposed algorithm estimates the instantaneous induced voltages of magnetizing inductance using those voltages and currents from both the stator and the rotor sides. If the difference between the two estimated induced voltages exceeds the threshold, the proposed algorithm detects an internal fault. The performance of the proposed algorithm is verified under various operating and fault conditions using a PSCAD/EMTDC simulator.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.57 no.12
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• pp.2173-2178
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• 2008

A doubly-fed induction generator(DFIG) system has been widely used in the modem wind turbines due to variable-speed operation, high efficiency and small converter size. It is well known that an inter-turn fault of a generator is very difficult to be detected. The DFIG system uses a wound rotor induction machine so that the magnetizing current of the generator can be fed from both the stator and the rotor. This paper proposes a protection algorithm for a DFIG using the d-q equivalent circuit in the time domain. In the case of a DFIG, the voltages and currents of the rotor side as well as the voltages and currents of the stator are available. The proposed algorithm estimates the instantaneous(i.e., converted into the stationary frame) induced voltages from the rotor and the stator sides. If the difference between the two estimated induced voltages exceeds the threshold, the proposed algorithm detects the inter-turn fault. The algorithm can detect a inter-turn fault of a winding. The performance of the proposed algorithm is validated using a PSCAD/EMTDC simulator under inter-turn fault conditions and normal operating conditions such as an external fault and the change of the wind speed.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.451-461
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• 2010

Electric vehicles (EVs) require fast torque response and high drive efficiency. This paper describes a control scheme of fuzzy direct torque control of permanent magnet synchronous motor for EVs. This control strategy is extensively used in EV application. With direct torque control (DTC), the electromagnetic torque and stator flux can be estimated using the measured stator voltages and currents. The estimation depends on motor parameters, except for the stator resistance. The variation of stator resistance due to changes in temperature or frequency downgrades the performance of DTC, which is controlled by introducing errors in the estimated flux linkage vector and the electromagnetic torque. Thus, compensation for the effect of stator resistance variation becomes necessary. This work proposes the estimation of the stator resistance and its compensation using a proportional-integral estimation method. An electronic differential has been also used, which has the advantage of replacing loose, heavy, and inefficient mechanical transmission and mechanical differential with a more efficient, light, and small electric motors that are directly coupled to the wheels through a single gear or an in-wheel motor.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1995.11a
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• pp.106-109
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• 1995

This paper presents a new saturation modeling technique of synchronous generators using the operating data. With the stator voltages, currents and the field current directly measured on the field winding at different steady state operating conditions, it can estimate tile saturated stator mutual inductances, stator resistance and the field-stator equivalent turns ratio. Effects of the measurement noises on tile estimated parameters are also investigated.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.13-20
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• 2020

Accurate parameters based on equivalent circuit are required for high-performance field-oriented control in a three-phase induction motor. In a normal case, stator resistance can be accurately measured using a measuring equipment. Except for stator resistance, all machine parameters on the equivalent circuit should be estimated with particular algorithms. In the viewpoint of traditional regions, the parameters of an induction motor can be identified through the no-load and standstill test. This study proposes an identification method that uses the d-axis model of the induction motor in a stationary frame with the predefined information on stator resistance. Mutual inductance is estimated on the rotational dq coordination similar to that in the traditional no-load experiment test. The leakage inductance and rotor resistance can be estimated simply by applying different voltages and frequencies in the d-axis model of the induction motor. The proposed method is verified through simulation and experimental results.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.542-552
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• 2016

Central 60° synchronous modulation is an easy pulse-width modulation (PWM) method to implement for the traction inverters of urban rail trains at a very low switching frequency. Unfortunately, its switching patterns are determined by a Fourier analysis of assumed steady-state voltages. As a result, its transient responses are not very good with over-currents and high instantaneous torque pulses. In the proposed solution, the switching patterns of the conventional central 60° modulation are modified according to the dynamic error between the target and actual stator flux. Then, the specific trajectory of the stator flux and current vector can be guaranteed, which leads to better system transients. In addition, stator flux control is introduced to get smooth mode switching between the central 60° modulation and the other PWMs in this paper. A detailed flow chart of the control signal transmission is given. The target flux is obtained by an integral of the target voltage. The actual PMSM flux is estimated by a minimum order flux state observer based on the extended flux model. Based on a two-level inverter model, improved rules in the α-β stationary coordinate system and equations of the switching patterns amendment are proposed. The proposed method is verified by simulation and experimental results.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.112-116
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• 2002

A sensorless control strategy for permanent magnet synchronous motors is presented in this paper. A speed control scheme based on the measurement and observation of stator current, voltage. and flux vector is proposed. Two phase voltages and two stator currents are measured and processed in discrete form in DSP. The rotor position and speed are estimated through the stator flux and its derivative estimation. Flux and its derivative are calculated in the stationary reference frame and used to estimate the speed and position. The rotor position angle is then used in a microcontroller to produce the appropriate stator current command signals for the hysteresis current controller of the inverter. The closed-loop speed control has been shown to be effective from standstill to rated speed. Moreover, a flux drift problem caused by the integration can be eliminated so that a stable sensorless starting and running operation can be achieved. Computer simulation and experimental results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1996.07a
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• pp.412-414
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• 1996

The rotor resistance variation has a large effect on the field oriented control system of induction machine. In this paper, the adaptation technique based on MRAC is used to identify the rotor resistance variation. The criterion function used in the adaptation algorithm is the error function of the two reactive powers of the induction motor. The one is obtained from the voltages and the currents of the stator of the induction motor. And the other is estimated from the rotor flux and stator current. We simulated this control system operated by field oriented control and assured the robustness of the induction motor control system against the rotor resistence variation.