• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.329-337
• /
• 1993

Improvement of orthognathic surgical techniques make it possible to design esthetic surgical correction for total esthetic face. In order to find the esthetic line which guide esthetic surgical correction in patients of orthognathic surgery, cephalometric soft tissue analysis of esthetic faces were performed. In esthetic Korean young adults, 25 males and 25 females who were within 1 S.D. of E-line, ANB, P/A facial height ratio, were analyzed in natural position keeping their face eye level. 1. Sn position is constant in males and females. The Sn-N'-N' Vertical plane angle is $5.3^{\circ}$ in both sexes. Sn is positioned in front of 5 mm in female 7 mm in male from the N' vertical plane. 2. The Sn-Ls line make constant angle to horizontal plane with $72.5^{\circ}$ in both sexes, which is called "upper esthetic line". The Ls-Pg' line makes constant angle to $72.4^{\circ}$ (range $72.2^{\circ}$ in female to $72.6^{\circ}$ in male), which is called "lower esthetic line". 3. When inter-esthetic line angle (the Sn-Ls line to Ls-Pg' line) has $144.9^{\circ}$, lower third face has esthetic upper and lower lip. 4. In treatment planning, Sn is first corrected in proper position, and then upper and lower esthetic line are established with the angle of 144.9. The maxilla is moved to tangent Ls to the upper esthetic line, and mandible is moved to tangent Li and Pg' to the lower esthetic line, according to the "y"-shaped esthetic lines, then lower third face showes esthetics.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• 제40권4호
• /
• pp.188-193
• /
• 2010

Purpose: The aim of this study is to assess the influence exerted by the observer's dental specialization and compare patients' opinion with observers' opinion of the esthetics of maxillary single-tooth implants in the esthetic zone. Methods: Forty-one adult patients, who were treated with a single implant in the esthetic zone, were enrolled in this study. Eight observers (2 periodontists, 2 prosthodontists, 2 orthodontists and 2 senior dental students) applied the pink esthetic score (PES)/white esthetic score (WES) to 41 implant-supported single restorations twice with an interval of 4 weeks. We used a visual analog scale (VAS) to assess the patient's satisfaction with the treatment outcome from an esthetic point of view. Results: In the PES/WES, very good and moderate intraobserver agreements were noted between the first and second rating. The mean total PES/WES was $11.19{\pm}3.59$. The mean PES was $5.17{\pm}2.29$ and mean WES was $6.02{\pm}1.96$. In the total PES/WES, the difference between the groups was not significant. However, in the WES, the difference between the groups was significant and prosthodontists were found to have assigned poorer ratings than the other groups. Periodontists gave higher ratings than prosthodontists and senior dental students. Orthodontists were clearly more critical than the other observers. The statistical analysis revealed statistically significant correlation between patients' esthetic perception and dentists' perception of the anterior tooth. However, the correlation between the total PES/WES and the VAS score for the first premolar was not statistically significant. Conclusions: The PES/WES is an objective tool in rating the esthetics of implant supported single crowns and adjacent soft tissues. Orthodontists were the most critical observers, while periodontists were more generous than other observers. The statistical analysis revealed a statistically significant correlation between patients' esthetic perception and dentists' perception of the anterior tooth.

• 융합정보논문지
• /
• 제10권8호
• /
• pp.250-258
• /
• 2020

본 연구를 통해 에스테틱 샵을 이용하는 고객들의 행동 의도에 긍정적인 영향을 미칠 수 있는 서비스 스케이프와 미적 노동, 감정반응, 고객 행동 의도 간 요소를 분석하고 그에 대한 인과관계를 도출하고자 한다. 최근 3개월 이내 울산 및 경남지역 에스테틱 샵 이용자 약 280명을 대상으로 설문 조사한 설문지 257부를 실증분석하였다. 표본 자료는 Statistical power analysis using 3.1 analysis를 이용하여 다중회귀 분석하였고 SPSS 21.0 및 AMOS 21.0으로 통계처리 하였다. 에스테틱 서비스의 서비스 스케이프, 미적 노동이 고객의 긍정적인 반응에 영향을 미치고, 긍정적 반응에 의한 고객만족도는 재방문에 긍정적인 영향 관계를 형성하여 매개 효과가 있다는 것을 확인하였다. 또한 에스테틱 서비스에 대한 만족과 지속적 이용 의도 선행요인들의 구조 관계를 밝힘으로써 실무적 시사점 도출에 긍정적 기여를 하였다. 향후 연구에서는 에스테틱 서비스 이용자의 특성을 고려한 대상자의 다양한 연령층과 지역 확대 연구가 요구되어진다.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.184-199
• /
• 1996

The challenges to achieve three dimensional facial proportionality and occusal stability in many patients with complex dentofacial deformity have been met by the development and use of the maxilla, mandible, and chin surgery techniques in combination with efficient orthodontic treatment. There is a clinical, biological, and biomechanical foundation for simultaneous surgical repositioning of the maxilla, mandible, and chin in a significant proportion of adult and adolescent patients. A combination of the surgical and orthodontic approach may provide increased treatment efficiencies and optimal esthetic results. Art and science to determine the treatment objectives, specifically, the desired soft tissue changes are firstly established by using the clinician's "esthetic sense" of the facial beauty and proportion aided to a few cephalometric guidelines. In this sense, the dependence on the clinician's "esthetic eye" by Dr. Bell is more important in analyzing the facial proportion than the satisfaction of rigid cephalometric norms. The purpose of this article was to elucidate the indication for simultaneous surgical repositioning of the maxilla, mandible, and chin, and to describe the clinical cephalometric analysis for orthognathic surgery. Representative 6 case reports were presented and discussed to illustrate the esthetic, orthodontic, and surgical treatment objectives with long-term follow-up.

• 대한치과보철학회지
• /
• 제54권4호
• /
• pp.413-422
• /
• 2016

최근 들어 치아의 심미적 개선을 위해 전치부 심미 보철물을 제작하는 치료를 진행하는 경우가 있는데, 이 때 심미적인 요소에 치중하여 생물학적, 기계적 요소를 간과하기 쉽다. 이로 인해 중립대 공간 및 치열에 변화가 발생하고, 혀와 구순의 위치가 변화하고, 교합 및 전방유도 변화로 인해 부정확한 발음문제가 유발될 수 있어 이에 대한 체계적인 진단 및 치료과정에 대한 고려가 필요하다고 사료된다. 본 증례에서는 10년 전 제작한 고정성 보철물로 인해 부정확한 발음 및 비심미성으로 불편감을 호소하는 환자에서 음향학적 분석, 심미적 분석, 교합, 중립대 라는 4가지 요소를 이용하여 체계적인 진단 및 치료과정을 통하여 보철물을 재수복하였고, 이에 기능적, 심미적 회복을 도모하여 환자와 술자 모두에게 만족스러운 결과를 얻었기에 보고하는 바이다.

• 대한심미치과학회지
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.15-20
• /
• 2001

The spaced dentition is a common clinical finding. The careful analysis of clinically spaced dentition is a necessity for effective treatment planning. Spaced dentition often exists in the presence of intact teeth. Therefore, special care should be taken in order to obtain the most successful esthetic effect and to prevent overtreatment as well. The aesthetic restorative dental treatment using the porcelain laminate veneers is getting more popular than the complex orthodontic treatment, and prosthetic solutions that require sacrifice of sound tooth structure. The physical strength of porcelain laminate veneers is not as good as porcelain fused metal crowns, and more researches are needed in the field of bonding between composite cement and porcelain laminate veneer. However, the esthetic results from this unprepared porcelain laminate veneers were satisfactory with Authentic (Ceramay, Germany) pressable ceramic technique and resin cement (Rely X Veneer, 3M). This article deals with 2 cases of unprepared porcelain laminate veneers on anterior teeth.

• 대한치과기공학회지
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.115-121
• /
• 1999

This investing was carried out to evaluate the alteration of stress distribution on teeth and esthetic crowns. Analyzing the stress distribution by the two-dimensional finite element methods, a model of lower 1st molar according to the porcelain fused metal crown an the porcelain fused glass ceramic core crown and the all glass ceramic crown. 1. The pattern of stress distribution showed no apparent differences. 2. The greatest von Mises values were concentrated around the central fossa of all esthetic crowns. The greatest Maximum principle value were concentrated around the interface between the base of esthetic crown and the abutment tooth. It was found that the apatite glass ceramic could be applicable for use in dental crown prosthesis.

• 대한인간공학회지
• /
• 제22권2호
• /
• pp.45-56
• /
• 2003

The purpose of this study is to develop the model including multiple causal relationship between factors to evaluate overall user satisfaction and develop an objective method to quantify the impacts and scores of each qualitative factors on overall user satisfaction using Structural Equation Model(SEM) and also test the feasibility to construct a comprehensive website evaluation model including qualitative and quantitative factors. The SEM model used 2 qualitative factors of usability and esthetic factors for the evaluation factors of user satisfaction and select 4 attributes of each factors using factor analysis. 3 shopping mall sites were evaluated to construct the SEM model, and 155 subjects participated the website evaluation using the walk-through and face-to-face survey method. Analysis results showed that the SEM model was statistically significant for all the 3 websites evaluated. Both the usability and esthetic factors showed significant effects to user satisfaction of websites and have positive correlation. The user satisfaction was more effected by the usability factor than esthetic factors, and the simplification and harmonization were the most critical attributes of the usability and esthetic factors.

• 대한심미치과학회지
• /
• 제31권1호
• /
• pp.19-25
• /
• 2022

심미에 대한 환자의 기대와 요구는 다양하고 복잡하다. 때로는 원하는 것이 명확하지 못할 때고 있고 다다르기에는 한계가 있는 경우도 자주 만나게 된다. 환자의 주소를 객관적인 요소로 분석해야하는 진료자의 입장에서는 환자의 표현을 요구와 필요(wants and needs)에 기반하여 해석해야하는 숙제를 않고 가게 된다. 환자의 요구와 필요를 기반으로 하여 치료의 계획에 있어서 심미적 개선 방향을 설정하고 이를 피드백을 통해 검증하여 소통하는 것이 필요하다. 심미(esthetics)란 객관적인 기준을 기반으로 하지만 일상의 임상에 있어서 환자 개개인의 주관적인 기준을 잘 반영하여야 만족스런 결과로 한발자국 다가서는 슬기로운 접근이라 하겠다. 건강한 자연치를 기준으로하면 한계성을 가지고 있는 중년 환자의 증례를 통해 심미적 분석(analysis)과 접근 전략(strategies)에 대해 함께 살펴보고자 한다.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
• /
• 제2권3호
• /
• pp.77-80
• /
• 2010

This article describes esthetic improvement in a patient with a missing maxillary left central incisor. Space analysis of the anterior dentition showed that minor tooth rearrangement was needed. Optimal space distribution for restorations was attained by orthodontic treatment. Through transforming tooth shape with porcelain laminate veneers, the maxillary left lateral incisor was transformed into central incisor and the maxillary left canine into a lateral incisor. The maxillary right central incisor was also restored for esthetic improvement. In a case of changing a tooth shape with porcelain laminate veneers, pre-treatment evaluation, space analysis and diagnostic wax-up are important factors.