• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.219-225
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• 2007

The ability of a dentist to select and communicate an acceptable shade match to a dental laboratory may be the most important factor in esthetic restorative dentistry. However, shade matching is a very complex situation. In this study, an attempt was made to compare and evaluate the conventional visual assessment and colorimetric analysis in clinical shade matching. 20 patients were selected and their maxillary central incisors shade were measured by Vita classic shade guide, using $Shadepilot^{TM}$ and ShadeEye $NCC^{(R)}$. The results indicate that there is much variation in the shade selection by visual and instrumental methods.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.131-137
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• 2007

The ability of a dentist to select and communicate an acceptable shade match to a dental laboratory may be the most important factor in esthetic restorative dentistry. However, shade matching is a very complex situation. In this study, an attempt was made to compare and evaluate the conventional visual assessment and colorimetric analysis in clinical shade matching. 20 patients were selected and their maxillary central incisors shade were measured by Vita classic shade guide, using $Shadepilot^{TM}$ and ShadeEye $NCC^{(R)}$. The results indicate that there is much variation in the shade selection by visual and instrumental methods.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.93-110
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• 2003

This study delves into emerging costs and benefits of digital markets to consumers through in-depth interviews with 5 women and 4 men consumers. Four themes are founded from the analysis of the transcript as follows: 1) benefits of Internet shopping consisted with convenience, price efficiency, and fun, 2) distorted efficiencies consisted with distorted price efficiency, distorted time efficiency, and limited choices based on familiarity, 3) addiction to digital market consisted with waste, distorted satisfaction, and solidarity, and 4) stages in consumer types according to shopping experiences from the novice, the explorer, the expert, and the addict in part and the addict in part. These themes imply consumer benefits from economic and esthetic aspects and mixed consumer costs according to consumer's level of informatization. This study concludes that the digital market is morphogenic, flexible, fluid market and therefore, the real features of the digital market are yet to come. More research attention should be highlighted in the impacts of digital market to consumers from various perspectives with various methodologies.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2002.04a
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• pp.99-104
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• 2002

The main concept of this thesis is to research about how to express the interface element of the virtual museum on tile cyber space and how to evaluate its organization. In addition, the basis of this thesis is to help people build their efficient spaces on the current virtual museum. My understanding about the interface element and its structural evaluation is grounded on Usability evaluation and Syntax thesis. For the survey, I utilize two different methods. One is regular questionnaire; the other is heuristic evaluation which is derived from empirical study and practical experience. The survey is mainly composed of contents, design, usability and overall impression. The main concept of this research is to establish the initial foundation of the virtual museum on cyber space by suggesting an objective evolutional norm including esthetic orientation.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.279-284
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• 2015

The vibration happened at the revolution movement of driving shaft driven with the thrust of airplane affects the great influence on the life of the shaft. And a great loss of life is caused when the fatigue damage is occurred at the driving shaft during revolution. The chattering is occurred at the driving shaft placed at the various revolution due to the aviation environment. Therefore, the part of the driving shaft concerned about the fatigue damage is grasped through the analysis study in this paper. So, the durability to prevent damage can be improved and it is possible to be grafted onto the convergence technique on the basis of a recent safe design and show the esthetic sense.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.198-203
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• 2004

In these days, the orthodontic surgery including lingual orthodontics has attracted a person' attention due to its functional and esthetic appreciation. The delivery of the optimal orthodontic treatment is greatly influenced by clinician' ability to predict and control the tooth movement by applying force system to dentition. The skeletal anchorage system with the miniscrew has been used recently in the lingual orthodontics to assist the anchorage control. Precise understanding of the force system produced from the various orthodontic appliances is necessary. However, the qualitative and quantitative effect of the miniscrew has not been identified well. In this paper, three dimensional finite element analysis is introduced on the lingual orthodontics to investigate the effect of anterior retraction force on the miniscrew and transpalatal arch wire. The purpose of this study is to determine the location of the miniscrew and the point of force application of the anchorage system in the lingual orthodontics. The analysis results indicate the efficient position of the miniscrew and the transpalatal arch wire in the lingual orthodontics.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.41-51
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• 2003

With rapidly changing modem information technology, the structure of our lifestyle has underwent much changes in our society. One of these changes is an immense distribution of computer desks, which became necessities of life in various organizations, companies and public offices as well as at home. Therefore, many companies are faced with the necessity of bringing about a new product with esthetic needs and new functions and come to have opportunities to make profits from top-quality products based on competitive design development. The academic design support program in collaboration with industry can provide design-related industry with a design assistance for a new product development, in addition, it can give to the professional faculty of the college the chances to contribute to advancement of design industry of the nation. To accomplish the need and purpose of this research, the design development of unified computer desks was carried out with the introduction of life-long Universal design concept named ‘Design For All.’ The theoretical background of this study researched all the literature on the terms definition of a computer desk, the concept and definition of Universal design and design support program in collaboration with industry and performed data analyses for a product development through an analysis of domestic products and a benchmarking of foreign products. On the basis of these theoretical background and analysis results, this research brought out a new product through designing processes and the information of this production could be utilized via the feedback of a new product. That is, this research was done for a practical use.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.42-49
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• 2008

Design concepts of light can be divided into two respects, visual plastic and metaphysical meaning. The current research focuses on the second respect. The meaning of light is abstract characteristics(for example, divinity, spirituality, or image) ultimately expressed by visual plastic. Because it makes architectural space abundant, it have been expressed frequently in architectural space until now. The purpose of this paper is to conceptualize and explain and arrange the meanings of light in the category that have been expressed in architectural space from ancient to current. The method of this study is content analysis and case study, and this is supplement by theoretical consideration on the meaning of light(relationship between perception and meaning, elements to form meaning etc.). This study consists of three steps. Firstly, through the content analysis of existing literature and documents, 17 meanings of light are confirmed. Secondly, these 17 meanings are defined and explained in 3 categories(symbolic, esthetic, and experiential character). Thirdly, they are additionally explained and articulated by case study. In the result, various meanings of light that have been fragmentarily expressed in architectural space until now is clearly arranged at a glance. Those suggested design concepts will be basic conferential material, available to the interior designers and students who want to utilize the organised study concepts.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.109-118
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• 2005

In the field of pediatric dentistry, comparison and analysis of cephalogram values of children are important fir evaluation of growth and development, and are essential to evaluate the craniofacial form and growth pattern for early diagnosis of malocclusion. For this, cephalographic norm values are important, but not many studies on the primary dentition exist. To compare the past norm values of normal occlusion in the primary dentition with current norms, preschool children, 4 to 5 years of age, with normal occlusion in the primary dentition who visited our hospital were examined. Among these children, 46 children with normal facial form and developmental status were chosen for evaluation of cephalogram values. The following results were as follows: 1. For skeletal values, the angular values showed no significant differences between males and females, and the linear values were generally greater in males than females. 2. SNA was $81.3^{\circ}$, SNB was $76.6^{\circ}$ and ANB difference was $4.7^{\circ}$. 3. The ratio for Mandibular body length to Anterior cranial base length was 0.9 : 1 for both male and female and the ratio for posterior facial height to anterior facial height was 61.4 % for male, 62.0 % for female. 4. For dental values, IMPA was $84.2^{\circ}$ and UA to SN was $90.8^{\circ}$. 5. The upper lip to Ricketts esthetic line was positioned 2.6 mm anteriorly, and the lower lip to Ricketts esthetic line was positioned 2.5 mm anteriorly.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.407-412
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• 2015

This study investigated flexural properties of indirect Gum-shade composite resins for esthetic improvement. The material utilized in this study was Crea.lign, Twiny flow and Twiny paste (TP). Ten specimens were fabricated with a dimension of $25{\times}2{\times}2mm$ according to the ISO 4049. After fabrications, specimens were stored in the distilled water for 24 hours at the temperature of $37^{\circ}C$. Three-point bending test was performed in universal testing machine (Instron 3344; Instron, USA) at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min until the failure occurred. TP exhibited a higher flexural strength (FS) and flexural modulus (FM) compared to the flowable materials. There were significant differences among the three materials in FS and FM. However, there was no significant difference in work of fracture (WOF) in all tested materials (p>0.05). In Weibull analysis, TP showed the greatest Weibull modulus which means a higher reliability of the materials. Also, Gum-shade composite resins revealed a strong correlation in all flexural properties. There was a positive correlation in FS-FM ($r^2=0.99$) and a negative correlation between FS-WOF and FM-WOF ($r^2>0.97$). Therefore, this confirmed that flexural property was important for mechanical behavior evaluation and useful information. To addition, this improved among mechanical properties correlation of materials as important factor.