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Effectiveness of Krill Oil in Regulating Skin Moisture

  • Yoon-Seok Chun;Jongkyu Kim;Ji-Hoon Lim;Namju Lee;Sae-kwang Ku
    • Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • v.66
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    • pp.359-368
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    • 2023
  • This study aims to explore the impact of Krill Oil (KO, SuperbaTM Boost) on skin moisturization regulation. The research involved five groups: an intact control, a reference group (L-AA 100 mg/kg), and KO groups (400, 200, and 100 mg/kg), each comprising ten mice. Oral administration was conducted for 8 weeks (56 days), during which changes in body weight, hyaluronan, collagen type 1 (COL1), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), ceramide, and water contents were analyzed in dorsal back skin tissue. Real-time PCR was employed to assess gene expression related to hyaluronic acid synthesis (HAS1, HAS2, HAS3), COL1 synthesis (COL1A1 and COL1A2), and TGF-β1. Results demonstrated that KO administration significantly increased hyaluronan content, hyaluronic acid synthesis (HAS1, HAS2, HAS3), COL1 content, COL1 synthesis (COL1A1 and COL1A2), TGF-β1 content, TGF-β1 mRNA expression, ceramide content, and water content in a concentration-dependent manner compared to the intact control. Importantly, no discernible disparities were noted between the KO and L-AA groups, even though they received equivalent oral dosages. This study accentuates the potential utility of exogenous KO in the regulation of skin moisture, thus positioning it as a promising avenue for the development of nutricosmetics. Future research endeavors should delve into the role of KO in safeguarding against both intrinsic and extrinsic aging-related skin manifestations, as well as its potential to ameliorate skin wrinkles, in conjunction with its moisturizing attributes.

Effect of phytase supplementation on performance, fecal excretion, and compost characteristics in broilers fed diets deficient in phosphorus and calcium

  • Chun Ik Lim;Hyo Jun Choo;Jae Hong Park
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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    • v.66 no.1
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    • pp.93-102
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    • 2024
  • This study investigated the effect of dietary supplementation with phytase on growth performance, fecal excretion, and compost nutrition on broilers fed available phosphorus (avP)- and calcium (Ca)-deficient diets. A total of 750 one-day-old broiler chicks were randomly divided into five dietary groups having ten replications in a floor house. Diets of the groups were formulated with positive control (PC), negative control (NC; low avP and Ca), and NC supplemented with phytase levels; 500 (NC500), 1,000 (NC1000), and 1,500 FTU/kg (NC1500). A three-phase feeding program was used in the trial. Average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) in the groups fed diets supplemented with phytase were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than those fed NC and the increase was equivalent to those fed PC. Serum levels of Ca and phosphorus (P) were higher (p < 0.05) in broilers fed NC1000 and NC1500 than in those fed NC. Interleukin (IL) level was the lowest in the group fed NC. Plasma myo-inositol (INS) concentrations in the NC1500 group were higher (p < 0.05) than PC, NC, and NC500 groups. Crude protein (CP) excretion was notably (p < 0.05) lower in the NC1500 group than in PC and NC groups. A lower (p < 0.05) concentration of P2O5 was observed in compost from the group fed NC1500 than the groups fed PC and NC. Accordingly, we suggest that phytase supplementation in lower avP and Ca levels of broiler diet can improve their productive performance and reduce environmental pollution.

Development of Online Tritium Radiation Continuous Monitoring Measurement System and Analysis Optimization Techniques (온라인 삼중수소 방사능 연속모니터링 측정시스템 개발 및 분석 최적화 기법 개발)

  • Hongyeon Lee;Junghun Kim;Raehyun Lee;Yeongtae An;Byeongu Kim;Minjae Choi;Bogil Kim;Yongju Shin
    • Journal of Radiation Industry
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    • v.18 no.3
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    • pp.155-166
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    • 2024
  • In this study, a liquid scintillation spectrometer was developed for online continuous monitoring of tritium nuclides in water. The device consists of two photoelectron multiplier tubes (PMT), a simultaneous counting circuit, and a signal processing unit including a multi-channel analyzer (MCA). As a method to verify the performance of the equipment developed in this study, samples were prepared using a standard source, and the spectrum of tritium was measured to evaluate the detector characteristics such as efficiency, background (BKG), and minimum detectable activity (MDA). To evaluate the effect of pretreatment on tritium radioactivity measurement results, the MDA of water (seawater and groundwater) samples before and after pretreatment was calculated and compared. The results of the evaluation confirmed the satisfaction of the reference values of the Nuclear Safety Commission's "Discharge Control Standard in Drainage Water" and the World Health Organization's (WHO) "Tritium Radioactivity Concentration for Drinking Water Standards". The liquid scintillation spectrometer developed in this study, with or without pretreatment, confirmed detection performance equivalent to 1/100th of the discharge control standard for drainage water (40,000 Bq L-1) and the WHO's drinking water standard for tritium radioactivity (10,000 Bq L-1).

Advanced radiation shielding materials: PbO2-doped zirconia ceramics synthesized through innovative sol-gel method

  • Islam G. Alhindawy;Mohammad. W. Marashdeh;Mamduh. J. Aljaafreh;Mohannad Al-Hmoud;Sitah Alanazi;K. Mahmoud
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • v.56 no.7
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    • pp.2444-2451
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    • 2024
  • This work demonstrates a new sol-gel approach for synthesizing PbO2-doped zirconia using zircon mineral precursors. The streamlined methodology enables straightforward fabrication of the doped zirconia composites. Comprehensive materials characterization was performed using XRD, SEM, and TEM techniques to analyze the crystal structure, microstructure, and morphology. Quantitative analysis of the XRD data provided insights into the nanoscale crystallite sizes achieved, along with their relationship to lattice imperfections. Furthermore, the gamma-ray shielding capacity for the PbO2-doped zirconia samples was estimated by the Monte Carlo simulation, which proves an increase in the gamma ray shielding properties by raising the Pb concentration. The linear attenuation coefficient increased between 0.467 and 0.499 cm-1 (at 0.662 MeV) by increasing the Pb content between 11 and 21 wt%. By increasing the Pb content to 21 wt%, the synthesized composites' lead equivalent thickness reaches 2.49 cm. The radiation shielding properties for the synthesized composites revealed a remarkable performance against low and intermediate γ-ray photons, with radiation shielding capacity of 37.3 % and 21.4 % at 0.662 MeV and 2.506 MeV, respectively. As a result, the developed composites can be employed as an alternative shielding material in hospitals and radioactive zones.

Extensive analysis of several Indian and Yemeni soils' gamma-ray shielding characteristics: An experimental and simulation approach

  • Shamsan S. Obaid;M.I. Sayyed;A.S. Alameen;D.K. Gaikwad;K.A. Mahmoud
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • v.56 no.9
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    • pp.3558-3565
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    • 2024
  • The linear attenuation coefficients (LAC) of four soils (Black cotton (S1), Sandy (S2), Clay (S3), and Sandy (S4)) samples were measured at photon energies released from radioisotopes Co57 (122 keV), Ba133 (356 keV), 22Na (511 and 1275 keV), Cs137 (662 keV), Mn54 (840 keV), and Co60 (1330 keV) using a gamma spectrometer includes a NaI (Tl) scintillation detector. The experimental measurements were confirmed utilizing the Monte Carlo N-particle transport code. The linear attenuation coefficient values enhanced from 0.256 cm-1 to 0.296 cm-1 (at Eγ of 122 keV), from 0.126 cm-1 to 0.142 cm-1 (at Eγ of 662 keV), and from 0.0938 cm-1 to 0.105 cm-1 (at Eγ of 1275 keV), raising the (Fe + Mn) concentration from 0.912 wt% to 11.214 wt%, as well as raising the soil samples density from 1.62 g/cm3 to 1.79 g/cm3. The study also shows an enhancement in the half value thickness, transmission factor, radiation protection efficiency and lead's equivalent thickness due to the enrichment of Fe + Mn concentrations within the studied soils. The results show that the Black cotton soil exhibits better shielding properties for γ-ray than the other soils.

Changes of Methanogenic Pathway with Incubation Temperatures in the Littoral Sediment of Reservoir Paldang, Korea (팔당호 연안대 저질토에서 배양온도에 따른 메탄발생 경로의 변화)

  • Kim, Mi-Kyeong;Cho, Kang-Hyun
    • Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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    • v.34 no.1 s.93
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    • pp.54-61
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    • 2001
  • Changes in methanogenic pathway at low temperature were studied by incubation experiments of sediment slurries from the littoral zone of Reservoir Paldang. Methane production rates in sediment slurries increased exponentially between $5^{\circ}C$and $45^{\circ}C$, reached a maximum rate of $7.4\;nmol\;{\cdot}\;g^{-1}\;{\cdot}\;h^{-1}$ at $45^{\circ}C$, and then declined to low rate. The shift of incubation temperature from high temperature ($30^{\circ}C$) to lowtemperature ($15^{\circ}C$) resulted in a decrease of methane production rate and of hydrogen accumulation rate, and the transient accumulation of acetate concentration. Chlorofarm inhibited perfectly methanogenesis and resulted in the accumulation of hydrogen and acetate as immediate precursors for metltane formation at both incubation temperatures of $15^{\circ}C$ and $30^{\circ}C$. In terms of equivalent methane which was calculated from the two intermediary metabolites accumulated in absence of methanogenesis, methane production from acetate was accounted for 14% of total methanogenesis at $30^{\circ}C$ and 75% at $15^{\circ}C$, respectively. When the high acetate concentrations above 19 mM were added to sediment slurries, methane production was inhibited at the low temperature ($15^{\circ}C$) . Our results demonstrate that contribution of acetate on methanogenesis increases at low temperature, but this pathway is inhibited by high concentration of acetate. Therefore acetate-utilizing methanogensis appears to be a key reaction at low temperature, and seems to be one of bottlenecks of the low temperature anaerobic degradation of organic matter in littoral sediments of the reservoir.

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Total Polyphenol Content and Antioxidative Activities of Mistletoe(Viscum album) Extracts by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (초임계 이산화탄소를 이용한 겨우살이(Mistletoe, Viscum album) 추출물의 폴리페놀 함량 및 항산화 활성)

  • Jang, Tae-Oh;Yoo, Yang-Hoon;Hwang, Yong-Chul;Kim, Hyun-Ku;Woo, Hyun-Chul
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.39 no.1
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    • pp.20-24
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    • 2010
  • This study was performed to investigate antioxidant activities of Mistletoe (MS) extracts by measuring electron donating ability (EDA), super oxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity and total polyphenol content (TPC). The extracts were obtained using supercritical carbon dioxide, hot-water and ethanol extraction. EDAs was the higher in ethanol extract (70.53%) than water (36.73%) or supercritical carbon dioxide extract (15.73% at 400 bar, $30^{\circ}C$) at concentration of 10 mg/mL. However, SOD-like activities and TPCs were the highest in the supercritical carbon dioxide extract. At concentration of 1 mg/mL, supercritical carbon dioxide extract (22.54% at 200 bar, $40^{\circ}C$) was higher SOD activity than water (7.85%) and ethanol extract (6.12%). Regarding TPCs of MS extracts, the content was the highest in supercritical carbon dioxide extract (17.57 wt% catechin equivalent at 200 bar, $50^{\circ}C$) followed by ethanol and water extract. These results suggest that it can be useful to develop functional foods using antioxidative active compounds of MS with high polyphenol contents.

Yearly Changes of Precipitation Component in the Iksan Area (익산지역 강수성분의 연차적 변이)

  • Lee, Kyeong-Bo;Lee, Deog-Bae;Lee, Sang-Bok;Kim, Jae-Duk;Park, Chan-Won
    • Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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    • v.25 no.1
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    • pp.1-6
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    • 2006
  • This study was carried out to investigate yearly change in the precipitation component and the source strength to acid precipitation at Iksan area from 1997 to 2003. The average ratio of acid precipitation was 70.0% in 1997, 56.3% in 1998 and 36.4% in 2003. On the other hand, it ranged from 6.9 to 19.2% when precipitation was less from 1999 to 2002. The average annual wet depositions of major ionic component in precipitation were calculated by multiplying equivalent concentration by precipitation. The order of major anion component in precipitation was ${SO_4}^{2-}>Cl^->{NO_3}^-$. On the other hand, the concentration of cation component were ${Ca_2}^+>Na^+>{NH_4}^+>{Mg_2}^+>K^+$ in order. The negative correlation was shown between pH and ionic component in precipitation except for ${Ca_2}^+\;and\;Na^+$. The correlation coefficient between pH and ${SO_4}^{2-}$ was highly significant as -0.508, which suggests that ${SO_4}^{2-}$ played important role in increasing the acidity of precipitation. Also the anions such as ${SO_4}^{2-}\;and\;{NO_3}^-$ were highly significant with cations such as ${Ca_2}^+,\;{Mg_2}^+,\;K^+,\;{NH_4}^+\;and\;Na^+$. As a result though pH was enable to use the acidity index of precipitation in somewhere, evaluating only pH in precipitation was insufficient as the index to establish corresponding strategy for acid rain.

Comparative Study on Biological Effects of Gamma-Radiation and Bisphenol A with Tradescantia Micronucleus Assay (자주달개비 미세핵 분석법을 이용한 비스페놀 에이 및 감마선의 생물학적 영향 비교 연구)

  • 신해식;송희섭;현성희;이진홍;김진규
    • Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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    • v.20 no.2
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    • pp.158-164
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    • 2002
  • Some of synthetic chemicals can net as an endocrine disrupting substance in higher animals. Dioxins, DDT, PCBs and bisphenol A (BPA) are classified into endocrine disruptors and aye under a strict control in many countries. This research was designed to compare the clastogenic effects of BPA to those of ionizng radiation to establish the relaltive effectiveness of BPA by means of Tradescantia micronucleus assay. For the uptake of the BPA through the stems, groups of fresh cuttings of Tradescantia BNL 4430 weve placed in BPA solutions of 0 to 4 $\mu$M for 6 hours under continuous aeration. The other groups of the cuttings were irradiated with 0 to 0.5 Gy of gamma- rays. The frequencies of micronucleus showed a positive dose- response relationship in the range of 0 to 0.5 Gy, and a clear concentration-response relationship in the experimental range of BPA concentrations. By comparing the two experimental results, it is possible to estimate the BPA concentration and its equivalent radiation dose for a fixed value of MCN frequency. BPA of $ll.8\mu{M}$ can give rise to 53.3 MCN/100 tetrads, which is the same frequency induced by 25 cGy of gamma- rays. It is of biological importance that clinical symptoms start to develop after a whole body exposure to radiation higher than 25 cGy. The results indicate that the pollen mother cells are an excellent biological end- point for toxicity test of suspected endocrine disrupting chemicals such as bisphenol A, cotylphenol and nonylphenol.

Distribution of the Fasting Lipid Levels and Validation of the Reference Interval in Korean Adolescents (우리나라 소아청소년의 공복 혈중 지질 농도의 분포 및 참고범위의 타당성 검증)

  • Kwon, Seyoung;Na, Youngak
    • Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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    • v.50 no.3
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    • pp.253-260
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    • 2018
  • With the growing prevalence of dyslipidemia in adolescents, its early detection and management is becoming increasingly important. This study overviewed the fasting lipid concentration distribution of adolescents according to the sex and age, and reviewed the percentile of its reference interval. This study targeted 2,713 adolescents aged between 10 and 19 (1,436 boys, 1,275 girls) based on the data from 2013 to 2016, Korean Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The mean fasting lipid concentration of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, non-HDL cholesterol, and triglyceride of girls was higher than those of boys. Although the $95^{th}$ percentile of the cholesterol value was 200 mg/dL in boys, which was equivalent to the diagnosis criterion, the mean value of girls was 208 mg/dL, staying between the $90^{th}$ and $95^{th}$ percentiles. The $95^{th}$ percentiles of the LDL cholesterol, non-HDL cholesterol, and triglyceride value were 123, 148, and 147 mg/dL in boys, respectively, and 131, 149, and 139 mg/dL in girls, respectively. Most of the criteria of dyslipidemia were at the proper level, within the $90^{th}$ and $95^{th}$ percentile. While the criteria of LDL cholesterol (130 mg/dL) was higher in boys, the triglycerides was higher in girls. In conclusion, criteria more suitable to Korean adolescents will need to be established with further studies.