• Title/Summary/Keyword: epichlorohydrin

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Synthesis of Glycidyl Azido Copolyetherdiol for Solid Propellant Polyurethane Binder (Glycidyl Azido Copolyetherdiol을 이용한 Polyurethane의 합성과 특성분석)

  • Shin, Bum-Sik;Lee, Bum-Jae;Park, Young-Chul;Hwang, Kab-Sung
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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    • 2008.11a
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    • pp.231-236
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    • 2008
  • The well-defined copolymers derived from Epichlorohydrin(ECH), Tetrahydrofuran(THF) were synthesized by Cationic ring-opening polymerization(CROP) with 1,4-Butandiol, a initiator, and $BF_3THF$ Complex, a catalyst via Activated monomer mechanism, which could lead to hydroxyl-terminated polyethers. The molecular weight of polymers were dependant on the ratio of [monomer]/[diol], Copolymer structures were controlled by monomers feed ratio, ECH and THF added. This polymers were functionalized from Chlorine group to Azide group using $S_N2$ reaction. Synthesized polymers were found to be as the prepolymer for polyurethane. Polyurethane was synthesized in the presence of N-100/IPDI mixture, a curing agent, and TPB(triphenyl bismuth)/MA(Maleic anhydride) mixture, a catalyst system. The curing behavior and mechanical properties of polyurethane after mixing with various prepolymer’s composition and the molecular weight were studied.

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A Study on the Synthesis of Cationic Fiber-Softener HEC-2-HP-AC Ether Derivatives (양이온성 섬유유연제 HEC-2-HP-AC Ether 유도체의 합성에 관한 연구)

  • Kang, Ik Joong
    • Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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    • v.9 no.4
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    • pp.603-607
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    • 1998
  • Cellulose was reacted with ethylene oxide to get hydroxyethylcellulose. Quaternary ammonium salt was produced by reaction of epichlorohydrin and trialkylamine. The epoxide ring was opened by acid addition to 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrialkylammonium chloride. Previously unreported two compounds, hydroxyethylcellulose-2-hydroxypropylammonium chloride ether and hydroxyethylcellulose-2-hydroxypropyltriethylammonium chloride ether were synthesized by substitution reaction of hydroxyethylcellulose with glycidyltrialkylammonium chloride or 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl-glycidyltrialkylammonium trialkylammonium chloride. All of the compounds including starting materials and reaction intermediates were characterized by $^1H$-NMR and FT-IR spectroscopy.

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Improvement of Wet-end Performance and Paper Strength with Polyvinylamine

  • Son, Dong-Jin;Kim, Bong-Yong
    • Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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    • v.37 no.5 s.113
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    • pp.63-69
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    • 2005
  • This study was performed to introduce recently developed polyvinylamine as a wet-end process and paper strength improving aids. As a retention and drainage aids, high cationic charged polyvinylamine was more effective at the BCTMP and ONP stock condition than LBKP stock condition. As a dry tensile strength aid, dual system of polyvinylamine with anionic polyacrylamide was the best at the LBKP or ONP stock conditions. On the other hand, polyvinyl amine alone was better than dual system of polyvinylamine with anionic polyacrylamide at the BCTMP condition. As a wet tensile strength aid, polyvinylamine single system and dual system of polyvinylamine with anionic polyacrylamide were good at LBKP, BCTMP and ONP stock conditions. However, poly(aminoamide)-epichlorohydrin resin was good at LBKP and ONP stock conditions but efficiency of poly(aminoamide)-epichlorohydrin resin was remarkably decreased at BCTMP stock condition.

Time-course response of epichlorohydrin on epididymal histopathology in rats

  • Kim, Kang-Hyeon;Shin, In-Sik;Lim, Jeong-Hyeon;Kim, Sung-Hwan;Park, Na-Hyeong;Moon, Changjong;Kim, Sung-Ho;Shin, Dong-Ho;Kim, Jong-Choon
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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    • v.49 no.4
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    • pp.279-284
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    • 2009
  • This research aimed to investigate the time-course effect of epichlorohydrin (ECH) on epididymal histopathology in Sprague-Dawley rats. Twenty-four male rats were randomly assigned to four groups with 6 rats in each group and were administered a single oral dose of ECH (70 mg/kg) or its vehicle. Six animals each were sacrificed on days 0 (control), 1, 2, and 7 after treatment. During the study period, clinical signs, body weights, reproductive organ weights, testicular spermatid count, epididymal sperm count, motility and morphology, and histopathology were examined. No treatmentrelated effects on body weights and reproductive organ weights were noted at any time point. On the contrary, sperm motility decreased slightly on days 1 and 2 after treatment and then decreased significantly on day 7 after treatment. The first signs of histological changes were the appearance of cell debris in the ducts and vacuolization of the epithelial cells observed in the proximal caput epididymis on day 1 after treatment. The incidences and grades of the histological changes including cell debris in the ducts, epithelial vacuolization, oligospermia, and epithelial disruption increased on day 2 and then decreased slightly on day 7 after treatment. These results show that a single oral dose of 70 mg/kg ECH to male rats results in cell debris in the ducts and vacuolization of the epithelial cells in the proximal caput epididymis, followed by reversible oligospermia, epithelial disruption, and decreased sperm motility.

Flocculation Characteristics of the Polycondensate of 1-Butylamine and Epichlorohydrin(PBE) (1-부틸아민과 에피클로로히드린의 축합체인 PBE의 응집작용 특성)

  • Kim, Hag-Seong;Joo, Duk-Jong
    • Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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    • v.9 no.4
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    • pp.569-573
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    • 1998
  • A water soluble polymer, polycondensate of 1-butylamine and epichlorohydrin (PBE), was synthesized by condensation of 1-butylamine and epichlorohydrin. The characteristics of PBE were determined by IR spectroscopy, low angle light scattering measurement, and $\zeta$ potential measurement. Its interactions with colloidal bentonite particles in aqueous medium were also studied. The results of the studies are as follows : PBE is a cationic polyelectrolyte carrying tertiary ammonium ions on its backbone. The average molecular weight of PBE is found to be about 1,600. The adsorption of PBE on the colloidal bentonite particles are well described with Langmuir adsorption isotherm. As the amounts of PBE adsorbed on the bentonite particles increase, the $\zeta$ potential of the particles changes its sign from negative to positive. This inversion of charge confirms that PBE is cationic in nature. The adsorption of PBE onto the bentonite particles was found to occur through cation exchange reaction. It has been shown that PBE has flocculation effects on the colloidal suspension of bentonite. It has also enhanced effects of filtrability on the digested sludge.

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Physicochemical Properties of Cross-linked Apios Starch (가교결합 아피오스 전분의 이화학적 특성)

  • Park, Mi Hye;Kim, Meera
    • Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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    • v.24 no.3
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    • pp.400-406
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    • 2014
  • Apios (Apios americana Medikus) belongs to Leguminosae and is called 'American groundnut', 'Potato bean', and 'wild bean'. Apios is native to the Northern United States but is not widely distributed in Korea. In this study, cross-linked apios starch was prepared by reaction with epichlorohydrin, followed by characterization. FT-IR spectroscopy confirmed the degree of cross-linking of apios starch. X-ray diffraction patterns of native apios showed typical 'A' type as peaks at 15.1, 17.1, 17.9 and $23.2^{\circ}$, and cross-linking did not affect relative crystallinity and X-ray diffraction patterns of the starch. Scanning electron micrographs showed that apios starch granules were smooth with a globular shape, and there was little damage to starch granules after cross-linking. The lightness value of cross-linked apios starch was lower than that of native apios starch, whereas the redness value was not significantly different between cross-linked apios starch and native apios starch. Blue value showed that cross-linking of starch did not affect the iodine reaction of starch.