• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.283-292
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• 2018

Objectives: This study was conducted to identify hazardous factors that reflect the characteristics of the academy and to provide basic data of environmental safety standard. Methods: Heavy metals, volatile organic compounds, formaldehyde, pesticides and phthalates were measured in 20 academies, which were supplementary, music, art and physical education institutes. Results: In case of heavy metals, the 12 locations were detected for lead (Pb) over the standard value, and 15 locations were exceeded for the total heavy metal. In six locations, the concentrations of volatile organic compounds were exceeded the standard value of $400{\mu}g/m^3$, and two locations for formaldehyde were exceeded the standard value of $100{\mu}g/m^3$. The most commonly detected agents in the air dust were chlorpyrifos and diazinon. The concentrations of DEHP, DINP, and DBP were detected and exceeded in several academies, The risk assessment results showed that HCHO as carcinogen had a safety level of 10-7 to 10-6, and DEHP and DINP as non-carcinogens had a safety level as assessed to be under than 0.1. Conclusions: Through the investigation of long-term environmental and health effects related laws on academies, indoor air quality management might be needed because there were cases of exceeding standard.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.184-192
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• 1993

한국인을 위한 식품중 유해성분의 안전성(安全性) 평가 및 기준설정(基準設定)에 필요한 식품계수(食品係數)를 결정하기 위하여 국민영양조사에 의한 식품섭취량(攝取量)과 식품수급표에 의한 공급성(供給星)을 자료로부터 1인당 1일 식품종류별 소비량(消費量)을 1970년대와 1980년대로 나누어 최적화(最適化) 하였다. 1인당 소비하는 총식품량은 1970년대에 1,104g, 1980년대에 1,240g 이었으며 식품 종류별로는 증감비율이 달리 나타났다.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제11권3_4호
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• pp.45-51
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• 1996

Histopathological changes of gills and caudal fins isolated from fishes, Cyprinus carpio, Carassius auratus, and Hernibarbus labeo, which were killed by oxygen deficiency or toxic chemicals, were studied. The toxic chemicals were HCl, NaOH, chloroform, benzene, heavy metals(Cu, Cr, Zn, Pb, Hg), and o-dichlorobenzene. The exposure level was enough to kill the fishes within 30 minutes. Oxygen deficient water was prepared by aeration of nitrogen gas and the oxygen concentration was less than l ppm. Cryocutting was used for the rapid preparation of tissue slides and the tissues were stained by hematoxylin/eosin. In the fishes killed by hazardous chemicals, congestion and/or hyperplasia of secondary lamella and erosion of fin were found as the major histopathological changes. Whereas, these characteristics were not observed in gills or caudal fins of fishes killed by oxygen deficiency. These different bioindications appeared in the fishes killed by toxic substances or natural causes, can be used for the rapid identification of the causes of fish kills.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.213-217
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• 2008

본 연구는 지정폐기물에 함유된 미규제 중금속 Ni, Zn, Ba, Be, Sb, Se, V의 용출 특성을 조사한 것으로, 이들 항목의 배출 가능성이 높은 표본사업장을 선정하여 시료 108건을 채취 분석하였다. 중금속류의 용출시험은 선행연구과제에서 제시한 시험방법으로 분석하였다. 조사결과, Ni은 폐수처리오니, 분진에서 많이 검출되었으며, Zn은 대부분의 조사대상 시료에서 검출되었다. 석유 정제 공정에서 발생된 분진과 폐촉매에서는 V이 높은 농도로 검출되었다. Ba, Be, Sb, Se은 낮은 농도로 검출되었으나, 다양한 폐기물배출사업장에서 발생되는 폐기물을 추가 선정하여 용출특성을 파악하는 것이 필요하다고 판단되었다.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2021

Objective: The purpose of this study was to contribute to the prevention of occupational diseases through the development of an automatic analysis program for evaluating workers' exposure to hazardous chemical substances. Methods: The authors selected chemical substances that caused occupational disease in Korea and chemical substances that are frequently used in industrial sites as target substances for a GC-MS automatic analysis program. The target substances are organic compounds which can be measured by a passive sampler. The automatic analysis program was studied using various raw data obtained from GC-MS analysis for the target substances. Results: A total of 48 organic compounds that can be measured with a passive sampler were selected as target substances for the GC-MS automatic analysis program. The selected compounds included substances that caused occupational disease, substances related to C1 and D1 in special health examinations, and substances for which work environment measurements have been frequently conducted. The GC-MS automatic analysis program was developed by combining information mainly on retention time and mass spectrum. The GC-MS automatic analysis program is designed to analyze unknown samples by comparing the mass spectrum and retention time of the samples to those of reference materials. To evaluate the stability of the program, samples at about the 30-50% level of OELs were prepared and analyzed with the GC-MS automatic analysis program, resulting in stable results for all 48 organic compounds. Conclusion: An automatic analysis program for a total of 48 organic compounds was developed using a GC-MS system that can analyze organic compounds. Unknown samples that contain the 48 organic compounds can be automatically analyzed by the developed program. It is anticipated that it can contribute to the prevention of occupational diseases through an GC-MS automatic analysis program that can quickly provide workers with information on exposure to chemical substances.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.114-121
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• 2019

Background: The photolithography process in the semiconductor industry uses various chemicals with little information on their constitution. This study aimed to identify the chemical constituents of photoresist (PR) products and their by-products and to compare these constituents with material safety data sheets (MSDSs) and analytical results. Methods: A total of 51 PRs with 48 MSDSs were collected. Analysis consisted of two parts: First, the constituents of the chemical products were identified and analyzed using MSDS data; second, for verification of the by-products of PR, volatile organic compounds were analyzed. The chemical constituents were categorized according to hazards. Results: Forty-five of 48 products contained trade secrets in amounts ranging from 1 to 65%. A total of 238 ingredients with multiple counting (35 ingredients without multiple counting) were identified in the MSDS data, and 48.7% of ingredients were labeled as trade secrets under the Korea Occupational Safety and Health Act. The concordance rate between the MSDS data and the analytical result was 41.7%. The by-product analysis identified 129 chemicals classified according to Chemical Abstracts Service No., with 17 chemicals that are carcinogenic, mutagenic, and reprotoxic substances. Formaldehyde was found to be released from 12 of 21 products that use novolak resin. Conclusion: We confirmed that several PRs contain carcinogens, and some were not specified in the toxicological information in the MSDS. Hazardous chemicals, including benzene and formaldehyde, are released from PRs products as by-products. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a systematic management system for chemical compounds and the working environment.

• 연구윤리
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.9-14
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• 2023

Purpose: Adequate public input and participation in environmental health research must be provided to ensure accurate results from studies involving human exposure to potentially hazardous substances. By addressing these ethical issues associated with environmental health research, this study can help reduce risks for individuals participating in studies and whole communities affected by their impactful findings. Research design, data and methodology: The current research should have followed the rule of qualitative textual research, searching and exploring the adequate prior resources such as books and peer-reviewed journal articles so that the current author could screen proper previous works which are acceptable for the content analysis. Results: The current research has figured out four ethical issues to improve environmental health study as follows: (1) Lack of Guidance for Collecting and Utilizing Data Ethically, (2) Insufficient Consideration Is Given to Vulnerable Populations When Conducting Studies, (3) Unclear Standards Exist for Protecting the Privacy Of Participant's Personal Information, and (4) Conducting Socially and Religiously Acceptable Research in Various Communities. Conclusions: This research concludes that future researchers should consider implementing anonymization techniques where possible so that findings are still accessible, but the risk posed by disclosing identifying information remains minimized during the analysis/publication stages.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.43-49
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• 2011

The increasing number of analytes in concern and the alarming health and environmental consequences have required effective means of monitoring for safety control. Biosensors offer advantages as alternatives to conventional analytical methods because of their inherent specificity, simplicity, and quick response. Colorimetric biosensor, one of biosensor group, is one of the easiest and the most convenient methods because detection can be done using naked eye. Recently, a novel method for rapid detection and read-out of specific immunoassays with naked eye using polydiacetylene (PDA) was developed. Polydiacetylene has recently been in the limelight as a transducing materials because of its special features that allow optical transduction of sensory signals and inherent simplicity and ease of use in supramolecular chemistry. Various forms of PDA are used as a sensor platform for detection of various biological analytes such as viruses, DNA, proteins, bacteria and hazardous molecules.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.609-615
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• 2021

Chemical accidents can happen anywhere in the world. To prevent chemical accidents, Korea introduced the Chemicals Control Act. However, Small and medium-sized businesses do not meet these regulations. Accordingly, the Ministry of Environment is providing a chemical safety management support project for Small and medium-sized businesses. However, there are many small and medium-sized businesses, and businesses that need support need priority. In this study, the risk of the plants was classified into hig h, medium, and low risk based on four methods. As a result, out of 90 plants subject to the study, high risk was 30% and medium risk was 70%. The industries with the high risk were chemical products manufacturing and paint manufacturing. The plating and printing industries showed relatively medium risk. This risk classification has the advantage that it can obtain intuitive and quick results. These studies can be used as basic data for chemical safety management of local governments and Ministry of Environment.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.232-244
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• 2020

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to develop a management system for the safe handling of chemicals and related health management based on reporting under the Chemical Control Act (CCA). It is used to search handling information by constructing data linked to the name of companies, chemicals, products, etc. Methods: Due to the differences in submission periods for each reporting regulation of the Chemical Control Act, the data used is as follows: A statistical survey collected 26,222 companies in 2014 and 2016, Pollutant Release Transfer Registers (PRTR) collected 4,234 companies in 2015-2017, performance reports by handlers of hazardous chemical substances collected 14,658 companies in 2016-2018, and declarations for import of toxic chemicals collected 892 companies in 2016-2017. The total information on 36,080 companies is standardized based on company ID, name, business registration number, address, and more. The data were classified into information such as company, chemical, and product name and amounts handled and released, and then extracted according to criteria to establish relationships among classified information. Results: A search service was developed for handling information on chemical substances for reporting data by linking four reporting data: statistical survey, PRTR, performance report by handler of hazardous chemical substances, and declaration for import of toxic chemicals under the CCA. It was composed of five menus to search by regulation type, reporting regulation, companies and chemicals, and system management. Conclusion: It is necessary to use data linked by company, region, and chemical to respond and to prevent chemical accidents. In addition, these items can be utilized to perform handling and safety management of chemicals according to whether regulations under the CCA may be implemented.