• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.1424-1435
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• 2014

본 연구는 유아교사의 직무스트레스, 교수효능감, 조직몰입의 관계를 밝히는 데 목적을 두고, 특히 유아교사의 직무스트레스가 조직몰입에 미치는 영향에 있어 교수효능감의 매개효과를 살펴보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 D광역시 소재 유치원과 어린이집 유아교사 각 250명씩 총 500명을 대상으로 설문을 실시하였고, 그중 442부를 회수하여 426사례를 분석에 사용하였다. 연구결과, 유아교사의 직무스트레스는 교수효능감 및 조직몰입과 부적 상관관계를 보였으며, 교수효능감은 조직몰입과 정적 상관관계를 보였다. 또한 유아교사의 교수효능감은 직무스트레스와 조직몰입 간의 관계에서 부분 매개효과를 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 유아교사의 소진을 설명하고자 직무스트레스를 바라보는 방식에서 그 방향을 전환하여, 긍정적 관점인 조직몰입을 설명하기 위한 예측변인으로서 직무스트레스를 바라보았다는 데 의의가 있으며, 교수효능감의 매개효과를 확인함으로써 환경적 개입에 대한 가능성을 제공하였다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SP
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.54-63
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• 2007

본 논문은 영상 완성(image completion)을 위해 계층적으로 적용되는 새로운 에너지 최적화 방식을 제안한다. 영상 완성의 목적은 영상의 특정 영역이 지워진 상태에서, 그 지워진 부분을 나머지 부분과 시각적으로 어울리도록 완성시키는 기법을 말한다. 본 논문에서는 전역적 특징의 탐지, 주변 환경 변화에 대한 유연성, 계산비용의 감소, 영상 인페인팅과 같은 관련기법들로의 확장성 문제들을 다룰 수 있도록 마르코프 랜덤 필드(Markov Random Field)로 모델링 된 예제 기반 방식(exampler-based mehtod) 접근법을 택한다. 그리고 MRF에서의 에너지 최적화를 위해 BP 알고리즘(Belief Propagation Algorithm)의 변형인 우선순위 BP 알고리즘(Priority-Belief Propagation Algorithm)을 적용하였다. 본 논문에서 제안한 계층적 우선순위 BP 알고리즘(Hierarchical Priority-Belief Propagation Algorithm)은 MRF의 정점의 수를 줄이고 메시지를 계층적으로 전파한다. 이렇게 계층적 우선순위 BP 알고리즘을 영상 완성에 적용하여 여러 영상들에서 바람직한 결과를 얻었다.

• 한국지형학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.61-89
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• 2020

The objective of this study is to characterize landslide susceptibility depending on various geo-environmental variables as well as to compare the Frequency Ratio (FR) and Evidential Belief Function (EBF) methods for landslide susceptibility analysis of rainfall-induced landslides. In 2013, a total of 259 landslides occurred in Chuncheon, Gangwon Province, South Korea, due to heavy rainfall events with a total cumulative rainfall of 296~721mm in 106~231 hours duration. Landslides data were mapped with better accuracy using the geographic information system (ArcGIS 10.6 version) based on the historic landslide records in Chuncheon from the National Disaster Management System (NDMS), the 2013 landslide investigation report, orthographic images, and aerial photographs. Then the landslides were randomly split into a testing dataset (70%; 181 landslides) and validation dataset (30%; 78 landslides). First, geo-environmental variables were analyzed by using FR and EBF functions for the full data. The most significant factors related to landslides were altitude (100~200m), slope (15~25°), concave plan curvature, high SPI, young timber age, loose timber density, small timber diameter, artificial forests, coniferous forests, soil depth (50~100cm), very well-drained area, sandy loam soil and so on. Second, the landslide susceptibility index was calculated by using selected geo-environmental variables. The model fit and prediction performance were evaluated using the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve and the Area Under Curve (AUC) methods. The AUC values of both model fit and prediction performance were 80.5% and 76.3% for FR and 76.6% and 74.9% for EBF respectively. However, the landslide susceptibility index, with classes of 'very high' and 'high', was detected by 73.1% of landslides in the EBF model rather than the FR model (66.7%). Therefore, the EBF can be a promising method for spatial prediction of landslide occurrence, while the FR is still a powerful method for the landslide susceptibility mapping.

• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.51-62
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• 1997

The objective of this study was to review the meaning and problems of Scientific Knowledge and Ethical Value in Environmental Education. The ultimate goal of environmental education is shaping proenvironmental human behavior. The factors of human behavioral decision making are ideology, value, attitude and behavioral intentions. Ideology is a kind of belief system used by social groups to interpret their social world. The main elements of belief system are knowledge and value. The traditional thinking in education has been that we can change behavior by making human beings more knowledgeable and more valuable. In environmental education, the aim of scientific inquiry is to analysis cause-effect relation of human beings behavior and environmental phenomenon, and ethical education is to change the mind of human beings from zero-sum to positive-sum about the relations between human beings and natural environments. But, there are many problems of knowledge education and value education in environmental education. For example scientific knowledge without ethical value is dangerous to environment protection, and ethical value without scientific knowledge is vague. Therefore, we must recognize that the relationship of ethical value and scientific knowledge is not substitutional but complementary. The teaching-learning methods which can integrate knowledge and value in environmental education are rational decision making model. For this model, we can construct teaching contents with inquiry materials. To earn the benefits of specialization among several subjects in environmental education, social studies can focus on social science knowledge and decision making, science education can focus on pure natural science knowledge and scientific investigation, moral education can focus on problems of ethical value system, home economics can focus on practical action and environmental education(Environments in middle school, Ecology and Environments in high school) can integrate social-national science knowledge and ethical value in broad perspective about human beings and ecosystem. That is the method to protect from law of diminishing marginal utility of learning in environmental education.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.81-90
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• 2010

This study aimed to identify the contributors of extra-curricular activities of preschool children focusing on home environmental factors(financial capital, human capital, and social capital) and maternal belief about factors on academic achievement(child's effort, child's ability, teacher's instruction, and maternal teaching). One hundred and seventy three mothers whose preschool children were attending child-care centers in Seoul and Kyunggi-Do participated in the survey. Kinlaw et al.(2001)'s Importance of Effort/Ability Scale was used to assess the mother's belief about the factors on academic achievement. Stipek et al.(1992)'s Activities Sub-scales was revised to measure a social capital, that is the mother's formal and informal activities providing to their preschool child. Educational level was utilized as human capital and monthly income was considered as financial capital. Also, using open ended questions, the subjects were asked to respond to the numbers of extra-curricula activities their child was presently attending, and when he or she began to attend the extra-curricular activity. The main results are as follows. In general, the mothers provided informal activities to their preschool child more than formal activities. Also, they believed the teacher's instruction is the most important and the child's ability the least important in their child's academic achievement. The number of extra-curricular activities was predicted by mothers' formal activities and their belief on their child's ability. The age of starting extra-curricular activities were explained by mothers' formal activities and their educational level.

• 지역연구
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.63-73
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• 1999

It is generally believed that there is a trade-off between economic growth and environmental quality since pollutants are generated in the process of production and consumption of commodities. Several researchers have shown this prevailing belief using the short-term input-output models. The literature, however, shows that there have been few attempts to investigate the relationship using long-term forecasting models. This motivates the current paper. This paper attempts to build a reginal growth model in a partial equilibrium framework taking into consideration the requirements of capital invested for pollutant abatement. Model is largely neoclassical. Labor is assumed to move a region with high utility specified in regional per capita average was income and pollution level while capital is partially mobile to a region with high returns. The regional growth is explored in a phase diagram. The paper shows that there are two stable growth equilibria which a region can converge over time and that the equilibria are distinguished by the initial threshold capital stock that a region holds. If the initial capital stock of a region is over(under) than the threshold size, the region converges to the higher (lower) growth equilibrium over time. Moreover, based on this result an environmental quality enhancing policy is analyzed in the phase diagram. It has revealed that the policy calls for the relocation of growth equilibrium points, specifically speaking, it stimulates an increase in labor stock and a decrease in capital stock. Hence the paper has suggested that the prevailing belief which the environmental policy negatively impacts on a regional economic growth is not always true.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.299-316
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• 2019

본 연구는 지리정보시스템(GIS) 환경에서 확률 모델인 Weight Of Evidence (WOE)와 Evidential Belief Function (EBF), 기계학습 모델인 Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) 모델을 이용하여 평창지역의 산사태 취약성도를 공간적으로 분석하고 예측하였다. 본 연구지역은 2006년 태풍 에위니아에 의한 집중호우로 산사태가 많이 발생하여 많은 재산 및 인명피해가 발생하였다. 산사태 취약성도를 작성하기 위해 항공사진을 이용하여 3,955개의 방대한 산사태 발생 위치를 탐지하였고, 환경공간정보인 지형, 지질, 토양, 산림 및 토지이용 등의 공간 데이터를 수집하여 공간데이터베이스에 구축하였다. 이러한 공간데이터베이스를 이용하여 산사태에 영향을 줄 수 있는 인자 17개를 추출하여 입력 인자와 EBF, WOE, ANN 모델을 이용하여 산사태 취약성도를 작성하고 검증하였다. 작성 및 검증을 위해 산사태 자료는 각각 50%씩 나누어서 훈련 및 검증을 실시하였고, 검증결과 WOE 모델의 경우는 74.73%, EBF 모델의 경우는 75.03%, ANN 모델의 경우는 70.87%의 예측 정확도를 나타내었다. 본 연구에 사용된 모델 중 EBF 모델이 가장 높은 정확도를 나타냈으며, 모든 모델에서 70% 이상의 예측 정확도를 보여 본 연구에서 사용된 기법이 산사태 취약성도 작성에 유효함을 나타내었다. 본 연구에서 제안된 WOE, EBF, ANN 모델과 산사태 취약성도는 이전에 산사태가 발생하지 않은 지역의 산사태를 예측하는 데 사용될 수 있다. 이러한 취약성도는 산사태 위험 감소를 촉진하고, 토지 이용 정책 및 개발을 위한 기초자료 역할을 할 수 있으며, 궁극적으로 산사태 재해 예방을 위한 시간과 비용을 절약할 수 있다. 향후 보다 많은 지역에서 산사태 취약성도 작성 방법을 적용하여 산사태 위험 예측을 위한 일반화된 모델을 이끌어 내야 한다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2005년도 ICCAS
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• pp.2143-2147
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• 2005

Human-Robot interaction (HRI) has recently become one of the most important issues in the field of robotics. Understanding and predicting the intentions of human users is a major difficulty for robotic programs. In this paper we suggest an interaction method allows the robot to execute the human user's desires in an intelligent room-based domain, even when the user does not give a specific command for the action. To achieve this, we constructed a full system architecture of an intelligent room so that the following were present and sequentially interconnected: decision-making based on the Bayesian belief network, responding to human commands, and generating queries to remove ambiguities. The robot obtained all the necessary information from analyzing the user's condition and the environmental state of the room. This information is then used to evaluate the probabilities of the results coming from the output nodes of the Bayesian belief network, which is composed of the nodes that includes several states, and the causal relationships between them. Our study shows that the suggested system and proposed method would improve a robot's ability to understand human commands, intuit human desires, and predict human intentions resulting in a comfortable intelligent room for the human user.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.597-607
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• 2016

The goal of this study was to analyze landslide susceptibility using two different models and compare the results. For this purpose, a landslide inventory map was produced from a field survey, and the inventory was divided into two groups for training and validation, respectively. Sixteen landslide conditioning factors were considered. The relationships between landslide occurrence and landslide conditioning factors were analyzed using the FR (Frequency Ratio) and EBF (Evidential Belief Function) models. The LSI (Landslide Susceptibility Index) maps that were produced were validated using the ROC (Relative Operating Characteristics) curve and the SCAI (Seed Cell Area Index). The AUC (Area under the ROC Curve) values of the FR and EBF LSI maps were 80.6% and 79.5%, with prediction accuracies of 72.7% and 71.8%, respectively. Additionally, in the low and very low susceptibility zones, the FR LSI map had higher SCAI values compared to the EBF LSI map, as high as 0.47%p. These results indicate that both models were reasonably accurate, however that the FR LSI map had a slightly higher accuracy for landslide susceptibility mapping in the study area.

• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.81-91
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• 2001

The importance of values has been emphasized in the aspect of the cause and solution of environmental problems. It is suggested that educational programs designed to increase environmental concern should be focused on ecocentric values. To do this, it is a prerequisite to understand the level of learners'environmental value. This study measured the level of environmental values of students in secondary schools in Seoul and identified relationship with its variables such as belief, the degree of identification, and environmental experience. We discussed on how to improve the environmental education in the aspects of fostering ecocentric values from the results of this study.