• SUVANNABHUMI
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.187-213
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• 2023

As migrants develop businesses abroad, entrepreneurship needs specific strategies due to some barriers when establishing and doing businesses. This paper examines the kinds of problems that have been faced in Indonesian migrant entrepreneurships in Taiwan and how the entrepreneurs cope with the difficulties. They use structural and cultural strategies for survival, seize the opportunities for self-development, and develop future careers. Research result shows that the limitations of Indonesian entrepreneurships in Taiwan are related to institutional issues, migrant status, business regulations, resource-providing institutions, language barriers, competition among migrants and locals, and capital. Hence, migrant entrepreneurs must conduct strategic actions to continue their businesses by developing innovations to grow and survive. Some measures include changing from offline to online marketing especially when the COVID-19 pandemic hit, product diversification using migrants and local people's assistance and networks, and setting competitive prices. This paper is based on qualitative research. The data were obtained through interviews in East Java-Indonesia and in Taiwan in 2022. The data were analysed using the descriptive analysis with sociological perspectives.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.57-67
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• 2019

Purpose - This study aims to examine the impact of work values on entrepreneurial attitudes, and test the moderating effect of entrepreneurial opportunity identification on the above mentioned relationship as well. Research design, data, and methodology - A questionnaire survey was conducted to 258 employees who comes from 8 different types of the enterprises in northwestern of China, and the corresponding research model was verified. Results - The results show that "comfort and security" (one dimension of work values) has a significant negative impact on entrepreneurial attitudes. Another two dimensions of work values, such as "competence and growth" and "status and independence" have a significant positive impact on entrepreneurial attitudes. In addition, entrepreneurial opportunity identification has a significant moderating effect on the relations between work values and entrepreneurial attitudes. Specifically, only the entrepreneurship opportunity identification positively moderates the relationship between status & independence and entrepreneurial attitudes. Conclusions - This research further enriches the relevant theories of organizational behavior and entrepreneurships. This study also has guiding significance and value for management practice, especially for this research results implies, that is, individual's ability to entrepreneurial opportunity identification (e.g., identify feasible distribution channel for potential new venture) is important in entrepreneurship.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.10
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• pp.359-368
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• 2020

This research seeks to explain factors and relationship models of entrepreneurs capable of building service innovations in Andaman coast with the ultimate aim to ignite sufficient development of regional tourism, increase working potentials, and provide a guideline for tour operations. Initially, document examination and discussions with five experts were conducted to build in-depth interview questions. 19 entrepreneurs were interviewed to examine factors involved and we consulted later with the five experts and six successful entrepreneurs in the regions, as well as with the representatives of the Association of Thai Tour Operators and Tourism Authority of Thailand (TAT) of Phuket, Krabi, and Trang. The results were analyzed according to the theory of resource-based and innovative entrepreneurs. The factors obtained were generated from systematic causes: Nature of Entrepreneurships and Organizational capabilities, the mediator variables of Service Innovation Capability; and Organizational Performance (non-finance). Moreover, the external factors needing to be adjusted regarding the environmental changes were described. The tour operators are suggested to build networking to increase tourism potential with sustainability by providing the entrepreneurs opportunities to be involved in tourism development, accessing the knowledge, technology and innovations resulting in sustainable tourism, quality livelihood, and sustainable ecological management of communities.

• 한국벤처창업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2016.04a
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• pp.221-223
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• 2016

동아시아 경제권의 국가들 중에서도 한국과 중국의 잠재적 기업가정신을 측정하고 양국 잠재적 기업가정신에 영향을 미치는 문화적 요인에 대해 비교하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 잠재적 기업가라고 여길 수 있는 한국과 중국의 대학생들을 대상으로 하여 설문조사를 실시하였다. 210명의 한국 대학생들과 157명의 중국 대학생들이 본 설문에 응하였다. 설문은 크게 두 가지 영역으로 구분되어 있는데, 개인의 기업가적 지향성을 측정하기 위한 질문과 개인의 기업가적 성향에 영향을 주는 문화적 요인들을 측정하는 질문으로 나누어져 있다. 개인의 기업가적 지향성을 측정하기 위하여 자기통제력(Locus of Control)과 혁신성(Innovativeness)을 묻는 세부 질문을 만들었고, 문화적 요인을 측정하기 위해서 대학생들이 느끼는 경제적자유(Economic Freedom), 개인주의(Individualism) 그리고 불확실성 회피성(Uncertatinty Avoidance)의 정도를 묻는 질문을 만들어 설문을 실시하였다. 첫 번째 연구가설은 '한국의 대학생들이 경제적 자유, 개인주의, 불확실성 회피성이 더 높다고 인식한다'이며, 두 번째 연구가설은 '경제적 자유가 보장되고 더 개인주의적인 문화에서 기업가적 성향이 더 높게 나타나며 확실성 회피성이 높을수록 기업가적 성향은 더 낮게 나타난다, 세 번째 연구가설은 '한국 대학생들의 기업가적 지향성 정도가 중국 대학생들의 그것보다 더 높다'이다. 설문조사는 가설과는 다른 결과를 보여주고 있다. 중국의 대학생들이 한국의 대학생들 보다 자국의 문화에 대해 더 경제적 자유가 보장되며 개인주의적이라는 인식을 가지고 있었다. 불확실성 회피성에 있어서는 가설과 동일하게 중국 대학생들보다 한국의 대학생들이 자국에 대해 불확실성 회피성이 더 높다고 인식하고 있다. 또한 양국의 대학생들은 기업가정신 형성에 있어서 각각 다른 문화적 변수에 의해서 영향을 받는다는 사실을 알 수 있었다. 한국의 대학생들은 경제적 자유의 정도에 의해 영향을 받으며, 중국의 대학생들은 불확실성 회피성에 의해서 영향을 받는다. 마지막으로, 세 번째 가설과 달리 기업가적 지향성은 중국의 대학생들이 한국의 대학생들보다 더 높은 수치를 보인다. 혁신성에 있어서는 양국 대학생들 간의 유의한 차이를 발견하기 어려웠으나 내재적 통제력에 있어서 중국의 대학생들은 한국의 대학생들보다 높은 수치를 나타냈다.

• International Journal of Knowledge Content Development & Technology
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.33-53
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• 2018

Since business startups are known to have positive effects on the economic growth of a country, it is necessary to review the factors influencing the willingness to start new businesses for the people to act on business startups. In this regard, the study sought to reexamine the findings of previous research showing that the innovative, initiative, and risk-taking characteristics, which are the constitutive elements of entrepreneurships, influence the willingness to start up. Furthermore, in this study, attempts were made to empirically analyze the direct and indirect relationships of self-leadership influencing the willingness to start new businesses. Consequently, first, it showed that college students' entrepreneurship has positive effects on the willingness to start new businesses. Second, the significance of the gender of college students was not confirmed as to playing a regulating role in the relationship between entrepreneurship and the willingness to start up. Third, the relationship between self-leadership and the willingness to start new businesses was validated to be significant in a positive direction. Fourth, no mediating effect of self-leadership in the relationship between entrepreneurship and the willingness to start new businesses was observed. Such research results have the following significances. First, while there is an awareness that the concepts of business start- up, entrepreneurship, and leadership carry masculinity, the lack of regulating effect of gender may reflect the changing phases of time and society where women's participation has been increasing. Second, self-leadership is a concept by which one pioneers his or her own life and an influencing factor on the willingness to start up; however, since it has enormous impacts on the entrepreneurship and willingness to start up, relevant mediating effects were not observed and the magnitude of the important influence between entrepreneurship and the willingness to start up were confirmed.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.111-122
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• 2017

This study analyzes the current state of entrepreneurship education and start-up foundations by country in order to find ways to improve the domestic entrepreneurial environment and to promote the recognition of desirable entrepreneurship practices. It also investigates the relationship between entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial will, and the level of opportunity-based entrepreneurships, by using data from the 2016 Global Entrepreneurship Trend Report (GETR). First, the results show the urgent need for the expansion of entrepreneurship education in Korea. In the GETR category of 'experience of entrepreneurship education in elementary, middle and high schools', Korea was ranked very low (19th place), among the 20 countries. In the 'college' and 'lifelong entrepreneurship education' categories, it procured a mid-level ranking (15th). While entrepreneurship education for all ages is being promoted globally, entrepreneurship education for middle-aged individuals in Korea is relatively weak. This implies that the expansion of entrepreneurship education to lifelong education and education for employees and retirees is required. Second, the individual's entrepreneurial intention in Korea was 3.8 points, implying a mid-level ranking (15th), and it ranked the lowest in terms of opportunity-based entrepreneurship (20th). In comparison to China (4.55) and the United States (4.01), the entrepreneurial intention of Koreans was found to be low. The level of opportunity-driven entrepreneurship was also found to be very low, compared to China (4.35), Japan (4.04) and the United States (4.59). In general, the proportion of the level in opportunity-driven entrepreneurship, increases from the factor-driven and efficiency-driven, to the innovation-driven type. In Korea, the percentage of entrepreneurial ventures centered around involuntary entrepreneurship and small businesses is high. It is also interpreted that opportunity-based entrepreneurships are low in number because of this high proportion of involuntary start-up and small businesses. Last, the entrepreneurial intention in all types (factor-driven, efficiency-driven, and innovation-driven) was exceptionally high. It has been confirmed that exposure to all entrepreneurship education (elementary, junior high, university, and lifelong education) in innovation-driven countries, greatly increases entrepreneurial intention. In the case of Korea, which is an innovation-driven country, qualitative improvement based on quantitative expansion of entrepreneurship education is expected to be a major driving force for individuals' entrepreneurial intention to obtain a mid-level ranking (15th).

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.3-25
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• 2012

This study is to look at the relationship of entrepreneurship(innovativeness, risk-taking), the learning competence, environmental factors(the domestic market hostility, the speed of technological change) and export performance in international new ventures(INVs). In addition, the integrated model is constructed for the purpose of analysis of the moderating effects of environmental factors. Through the existing investigation, nine hypotheses are set up. PLS(Partial Least Square) analysis method is used to sample of 115 INVs. Analysis, the two elements of entrepreneurship influenced the positive(+) in the learning competence and export performance. And the relationship of learning competence and export performance is significant. In the moderating effects, only the domestic market hostility has a significant moderating effects between the learning competence and innovativeness. The results of this research shows that innovativeness influence the learning competence playing a positive role in the performance in the domestic market is higher. This point illustrates the practical implications of the importance of innovation in learning empowerment.