• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.199-205
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• 2019

엔테로바이러스 감염은 신생아에게 흔히 일어나며, 경한 감염에서부터 다기관 부전이나 사망에까지 이를 수 있다. 특히, 출생 시 모체로부터 수직 감염된 신생아들의 경우 심각한 질환에 이르게 될 수 있다. 본 증례의 환아는 모체에게서 엔테로바이러스의 수직 감염이 일어났으며, 파종 혈관내 응고장애, 간염, 그리고 심근염으로 빠르게 진행하였다. 환아가 태어난 시기가 엔테로바이러스의 유병률이 높은 6월인 점, 환아의 어머니와 형제에게서 고열이 있었던 점, 임상 증상 등을 고려하여 저자들은 환아가 엔테로바이러스의 수직 감염 가능성이 있다고 보고 검사와 치료를 진행하였다. 이 환아는 빈맥을 동반한 다양한 형태의 부정맥을 보였으며, 일반적인 치료에 반응을 잘 하지 않았으나, 엔테로바이러스 감염을 조기에 의심하고 치료하여 완전히 회복할 수 있었다. 신생아의 엔테로바이러스 감염에서, 응고장애를 동반한 간염과 심근염이 동시에 오는 경우는 드물다. 본 증례에서, 저자들은 응고장애를 동반한 간염과 다양한 형태의 부정맥을 동반한 엔테로바이러스 수직 감염을 조기에 진단하고 성공적으로 치료하였기에 보고하는 바이다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제51권8호
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• pp.856-860
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• 2008

목 적 : 소아에서 진단 목적으로 척수액 검사를 시행한 환아에서 요추 천자 후 발생하는 두통과 요통에 영향을 주는 요인들을 조사하고, 특히 소아에서 불편을 호소하는 요추 천자 후 절대안정이 필요한가를 알아보기 위해 본 연구를 하였다. 방 법 : 2005년 7월부터 2007년 7월까지 건국대학교병원 소아청소년과에 뇌수막염 진단을 위해 요추 천자를 시행한 2세부터 15세의 환아 70명을 대상으로 하였다. 저자들은 그들을 2개의 집단으로 나누었다. 요추 천자 후 절대 안정을 하지 않은 집단은 24명이었고 절대 안정을 4시간 동안 시행한 집단은 46명이었다. 요추 천자 후 발생되는 두통, 요통과 같은 합병증이 나이, 성별, 요추 천자 횟수, 척수액내의 백혈구 세포수 및 압력, PCR enterovirus, 절대 안정여부와 상관 관계가 있는지 분석하였다. 결 과 : 요추 천자 후 발생되는 두통, 요통과 같은 합병증은 나이, 성별, 척수액 압력, 장 바이러스와는 통계학적인 의미가 없었다. 두통은 척수액내의 백혈구 세포수가 높을수록 통계학적인 의미가 있었다(P=0.043). 증상의 빈도는 두 집단 간에 큰 의미는 없었다. 요통의 발생 횟수는 요추 천자 횟수가 많을수록 통계학적으로 의미 있게 증가하였다(P=0.046). 결 론 : 척수액내의 백혈구수와 요추 천자 횟수는 천자 후에 발생하는 두통과 요통에 영향을 주는 인자로 생각된다. 요추 천자 후 예방적으로 시행되는 절대 안정은 천자 후에 발생하는 두통 및 요통의 발생 빈도에 영향을 주지 않기 때문에 시행할 필요가 없다고 생각한다.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.248-252
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• 2003

2000년~2002년 사이 부산지역의 병의원으로부터 의뢰된 바이러스성 뇌수막염 환자로 의심되는 환자의 가검물을 대상으로 바이러스 분리를 시도한 결과 2000년에는 검체 292건 중 2건, 2001년에는 371건 중 4건, 2002년에는 703건 중 83건의 장내바이러스를 분리하였다. 2000년에 분리된 원인 바이러스의 경우 echovirus 11 혈청형과 coxsackievirus B2 혈청형이, 2001년에는 coxsackievirus B5 혈청형만이 분리되었으며, 2002년에는 echovirus 2, 3, 6, 7, 9, 13, 25, 30 혈청형이 70건으로 가장 많았고, coxsackievirus B3과 B4 혈청형이 10건으로 예전에 비해 보다 다양한 경향을 나타내었다. 월별발생 양상은 2000년에는 동절기인 12월과 1월에, 2001년에는 5월에 집중적으로 발생하였으며, 2002년에는 4월부터 11월까지 넓은 발생 분포를 나타내었지만 특히 6월과 7월에 가장 발생율이 높았다. Echovirus와 coxsackievirus는 Vero와 HEp-2 세포주에서 강한 병변 효과를 나타내었다. 전자현미경으로 촬영한 echovirus 및 coxsackievirus의 형태학적 양상은 모두 envelope가 없고 크기가 30~35 nm로 아주 작은 구형의 특징을 나타내었다. 세포병변 효과가 나타난 세포배양액에 대하여 nested PCR을 수행한 결과 echovirus 및 coxsackievirus 모두 436 bp 위치에 단일띠를 나타내었으며, serotype은 국립보건원 소화기계바이러스과에 의뢰하여 확인 동정하였다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.173-179
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• 2014

Background: Ginsenosides are the major components responsible for the biochemical and pharmacological actions of ginseng, and have been shown to have various biological activities. In this study, we investigated the antiviral activities of seven ginsenosides [protopanaxatriol (PT) type: Re, Rf, and Rg2; protopanaxadiol (PD) type: Rb1, Rb2, Rc, and Rd)] against coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3), enterovirus 71 (EV71), and human rhinovirus 3 (HRV3). Methods: Assays of antiviral activity and cytotoxicity were evaluated by the sulforhodamine B method using the cytopathic effect (CPE) reduction assay. Results: The antiviral assays demonstrated that, of the seven ginsenosides, the PT-type ginsenosides (Re, Rf, and Rg2) possess significant antiviral activities against CVB3 and HRV3 at a concentration of $100{\mu}g/mL$. Among the PT-type ginsenosides, only ginsenoside Rg2 showed significant anti-EV71 activity with no cytotoxicity to cells at $100{\mu}g/mL$. The PD-type ginsenosides (Rb1, Rb2, Rc, and Rd), by contrast, did not show any significant antiviral activity against CVB3, EV71, and HRV3, and exhibited cytotoxic effects to virus-infected cells. Notably, the antiviral efficacies of PT-type ginsenosides were comparable to those of ribavirin, a commonly used antiviral drug. Conclusion: Collectively, our findings suggest that the ginsenosides Re, Rf, and Rg2 have the potential to be effective in the treatment of CVB3, EV71, and HRV3 infection.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.484-489
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• 2000

Enterovirues may cause gastrointestinal symptoms, cold, and fever, mainly in young children. They are also recognized as important agents in acute infections of the central nervous system such as meningitis and encephalitis, and in subacute and chronic infections of the cardiovascular system such as pericarditis, myocarditis and cardiomyopathy. They also can lead to postviral fatigue syndrome. For the detection of enteroviruses from the environmental samples, the combined cell culture-polymerase chain reaction (CC-PCR) technique was employed. In contrast to EPA standard method which mainly depends on the cell culture, it involved the use of cell culture, followed by PCR to improve the sensitivity and the accuracy of the test. According to the results of survey, from 1999 to 2000, for the presence of enteroviruses in the surface water samples from Nak-dong river, four out of twelve samples were positive for viruses. The titer of viruses in the surface water was ranged from 25 to 250 MPN. All of the viruses isolated were poliovirus type I with 98% nucleotide sequence homology. The result also clearly suggests the seasonal difference in the distribution of the waterborne enteroviruses in surface water because most of the viruses were mainly detected from the summer through the early autumn.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.336-344
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• 1998

Eight monoclonal antibodies(MAbs) against the transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) were produced and characterized. Four of the MAbs were produced against a reference TGEV, Purdue strain(P115) and the others were produced against the Korean vaccine virus, Pyungtaek strain. Only one MAb(5C8) produced against P115 had neutralizing activity and was found to be E2 protein-specific. The other seven MAbs(4E2, 4G8, 5H6, 1F8, 2C6, 5H5, and 3A6) had specificity of nucleocapsid protein and no neutralizing activity. All MAbs reacted with different strains of TGEV, but none of the MAbs was reactive with porcine enteropathogenic viruses such as rotavirus, epidemic diarrhea virus and enterovirus by fluorescence antibody(FA) test.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.54-58
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• 2008

Genotyping Tool for Viral SEQuences (GTVseq) provides scientists with the genotype information on the viral genome sequences including HIV-1, HIV-2, HBV, HCV, HTLV-1, HTLV-2, poliovirus, enterovirus, flavivirus, Hantavirus, and rotavirus. GTVseq produces alternative and additive genotype information for the query viral sequences based on two different, but related, scoring methods. The genotype information produced is reported in a graphical manner for the reference genotype matches and each graphical output is linked to the detailed sequence alignments between the query and the matched reference sequences. GTVseq also reports the potential 'repeats' and/or 'recombination' sequence region in a separated window. GTVseq does not replace completely other well-known genotyping tools such as NCBI's virus sequence genotyping tool (http://www.ncbi. nlm.nih.gov/projects/genotyping/formpage.cgi), but provides additional information useful in the confirmation or for further investigation of the genotype(s) for the newly isolated viral sequences.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.56-59
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• 2002

A 28-year-old man presented with headache, fever, and myalgia. Subsequently, rapidly progressive quadriplegia with areflexia developed. CSF examination revealed moderate pleocytosis and protein elevation. MRI of brain and spinal cord showed hyperintense lesions on T2-weighted image at midbrain and ventral horns along the whole spinal cord. Serial serologic examinations of CSF for Epstein-Barr virus and cytomegalovirus were negative. Culture and neutralization tests of stool and CSF for enterovirus were negative. Although the etiologic pathogen was not identified, we diagnosed him as poliomyelitis-like syndrome by clinical features and findings of MRI.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.269-276
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• 2009

Viruses are the most common cause of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) in infants and young children and are a major public health problem in this age group. Viruses were identified in 54.9-70.4% of hospitalized infants and children with LRTIs in Korea. The viral pathogens identified included respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) A and RSV B, influenza (Inf) A, Inf B, parainfluenza (PIV)1, PIV2, human bocavirus (hBoV), human rhinovirus (hRV), adenovirus (ADV), human metapneumovirus (hMPV), human coronavirus (hCoV)-OC 43, hCoV-229E, hCoV-NL63, hCoV-HKU1, and human enterovirus (hEV). Coinfections with ${\geq}$2 viruses were observed in 11.5-22.8% of children. The occurrence of LRTIs was the highest in the first year of life. The specific viruses are frequently associated with specific clinical syndromes of LRTIs. LRTIs caused by RSV were predominant among younger infants. hRV accounted for a larger proportion of LRTIs in young infants than ADV and hBoV. hMPV was frequently detected in children >24 months old. The number of hMPV infections peaked between February and May, whereas hRV was detected throughout the year. Thus far, hCoV is a less common respiratory pathogen in cases of ALRI and URI in Korean children.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.368-373
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• 2000

Enteroviruses in the environment pose a public health risk because they can be transmitted via the fecal-oral route through contaminated water, and low numbers are able to initiate an infection in humans. Because the levels of viruses typically found in environmental water and drinking water are low, they must be concentrated from hundreds to thousands of liters of water. Therefore, the main goal of this study was the development of a rapid, simple and efficient procedure to concentrate, isolate and detect enteroviruses from environmental water samples. Viruses were first concentrated by adsorption to 1 MDS cartridge filter and then eluted with approximately 0.5 liter of 1.5% beef extract/0.05M glycin(pH 9.4). In this study, several procedures to concentrate and purify intact viruses from beef extract obtained from the adsorbent filters were tested. Among them, organic floccuration was the best reliable method for reconcentration. sample volume could be reduced to 200∼400 folds and the efficiency of virus recovery through the procedure was over 72%. Finally, the samples were filtered through a membrane disk filter and then analyzed by either the plaque assay or combined cell culture-polymerase chain reaction.