• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.393-398
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 선택배지와 건조필름을 이용하여 신선편이 엽채류 3종(양상추, 양배추, 어린잎채소)에서 병원성 E. coli를 분리하였고, 의심집락 동정을 위해 생화학적 분석법을 사용하여 동정한 후 결과를 비교 분석하였다. 양상추 20 g, 양배추 20 g, 어린잎채소 10 g에 병원성 E. coli 혼합 균액(Enterohemorrhagic E. coli NCCP11142, Enterotoxigenic E. coli NCCP14037, Enteropathogenic E. coli NCCP14038, Enteroaggregative E. coli NCCP14039, Enteropathogenic E. coli NCCP15661)을 최종농도가 1, 2, 3 log CFU/g이 되도록 접종하였고, BPW (80~90 ml)을 넣은 후 60초 동안 균질화하여 분석하였다. 연구결과, 모든 시료에서 건조필름 시험 양성, 양상추 시료 일부(최종농도 3 log CFU/g 접종시료)를 제외한 모든 시료에서 증균배양법을 이용한 정성시험결과가 음성으로 나타났다. 증균배양과 건조필름 시험을 통해 분리한 병원성 E. coli를 이용하여 생화학적 분석을 실시한 결과, 양상추에서 분리한 병원성 E. coli의 경우, API 20E 100% (44/44), Microgen GNA 100% (44/44), Food System 66.7% (10/15)의 동정률이 나타났다. 양배추의 경우, API 20E 64.7% (22/34), Microgen GNA 50% (16/32), Food System 60% (9/15), 어린잎채소의 경우, API 20E 65.1% (28/43), Microgen GNA 62.3% (27/43), Food System 53.3% (8/15)가 병원성 E. coli로 동정되었다. 본 연구의 결과는 신선편이 엽채류에 대한 병원성 E. coli 검출법 선택에 유용하게 이용될 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.93-98
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• 2000

Nine hundred patients diagnosed with diarrhea or hemorrhagic uremic syndrome in the Kyungpook Province, Korea, were examined from November 1998 to February 2000. One patient in Kumi appeared to possess the Escherichia coli O157:H7 strain, which is very important in clinical decision making and public health action. The isolated strain, an E. coli O157:H7 KM, contained a 60 MDa plasmid and typical virulence genes including the verotoxin 2 gene, ehxA gene (encoding enterohemorrhagic hemolysin), and eae (encoding attaching and effacing protein-intimin) gene. This strain produced only verotoxin 2. Pulsed field gel electrophoretic analysis showed that the genomic organization of the E. coli O157:H7 KM strain may differ greatly from those of representative strains previously reported in the United States and Japan.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제19권10호
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• pp.1238-1243
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• 2009

The susceptibilities of major enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) strains to antimicrobial agents and the cytotoxicity of these agents were examined using a total of 38 strains of E. coli O26, O111, and O157, which are the major serogroups of EHEC. Among the 38 strains, 35, 36, and 36 were susceptible to amikacin, imipenem, and norfloxacin, respectively. These antimicrobial agents were further examined to determine their cytotoxicity on Vero cells as well as their effect on the release of Shiga toxins along with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Each of the E. coli O26, O111, and O157 strains containing both the stx1 and stx2 genes were grown in the absence or presence of these agents at 1/4 minimal inhibitory concentration for 6 h, 12 h, and 18 h. At the concentrations used in this study, none of the agents significantly altered cell count compared with the control group. The level of cytotoxicity in the imipenem group was lower at 12 hand 18 h than their respective controls. In contrast, the level of cytotoxicity in cultures treated with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, norfloxacin, and amikacin was increased. The strains were also examined for the release of Shiga toxins 1 and 2 following treatment with the agents, which were measured by the reversed passive latex agglutination (RPLA) method. The RPLA assay showed a suppression of release of Shiga toxin 2 in the strain cultures containing imipenem. These results indicate that imipenem may be a safe and effective agent for inhibition of these bacteria, which has clinical implications for the treatment of EHEC infections.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.413-429
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• 1998

Escherichia coli is recovered from a wide variety of infections in many animals species. It may be a primary or secondary agent. Nursing and young animals are particularly susceptible, and urinary tract infections are frequent. The various serotypes of E coli are intestinal inhabitants of animals including humans and probably infect most mammals and birds : therefore, they have a cosmopolitan distribution. Colibacillosis refers to any totalized or systemic infection caused entirely or partly by E coli. Collibacillosis in mammals is most often a primary enteric disease, whereas collibacillosis in poultry is typically a secondary located or systemic disease occurring when host defenses have been impaired or overwhelmed. Other opportunistic bacteria, which can be identified by culture, may play a similar role to that of I coli in secondary infections. Collectively, infections caused by E coli are responsible for significant economic losses to the animal performance. From the standpoint of pathogenic mechanisms and diseases, four major categories of E coli are recognized : enterotoxigenic(ETEC), enteropathogenic (EPEC), enteroinvasive(EIEC), and enterohemorrhagic(EHEC). In addition, two less-well-defined E coli categories are recognized in animals and humans : enteroaggregative and cytotoxin necrotizing factor-positive. The aforementioned categories are represented by different serotypes. Certain serotypes show a host preference and are encountered more frequently in some disease syndromes. Of the four major categories, ETEC is the most common cause of diarrhea in calves, lambs, and pigs. Strains in the other categories cause the less-common diarrhea and other disease syndromes. Enterotoxins and pilus antigens are the two most prominent virulence factors thus far identified for ETEC. Two enterotoxins, one heat-stable(ST) and one heat-labile(LT), are produced by enterotoxigenic strains of E coli : not all culture produce both of these plasmid-based enterotoxins.

• 대한미생물학회지
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• 제35권5_6호
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• pp.372-372
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• 2000

• 한국미생물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국미생물학회 2008년도 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea
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• pp.37-37
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• 2008

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.93-112
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• 2019

Calf diarrhea is a common disease in young claves and is still a major cause of productivity and economic loss in livestock farms. Fecal samples from Korean native cattle (n=100) with diarrhea from 64 farms in Gwangju area, Korea from september 2017 to December 2018 were examined for shedding of important protozoan parasitic, viral and bacterial pathogens using culture, rapid test kit and PCR methods. Of 57 (89.1%) of the 64 Korean native cattle farms examined had samples infected with at least one of the investigated pathogens. Among 100 fecal samples, 88 samples were positive for at least one the twelve pathogens and 51 samples were simultaneously positive for two or more pathogens by culture and PCR assay. Bovine group A rotavirus (BRV) was the most common pathogen, found in 43/100 (43.0%) samples on 32/64 (50.0%) farms. Subsequently, kobuvirus (30.0%), pathogenic E. coli (29.0%), bovine parvovirus (17.0%), Giardia spp. (13.0%), Eimeria spp. (10.0%), Clostridium perfringens type A (8.0%), bovine torovirus (8.0%), bovine viral diarrhea virus (6.0%), bovine coronavirus (5.0%), bovine norovirus (2.0%) and Cryptosporidium spp. (2.0%) were detected. Nebovirus, kırklareli virus, bovine adenovirus, Salmonella spp. and intestinal parasites were not detected. Of the 72 calves sampled in this age group, 64 (88.9%) samples were positive for at least one enteropathogen. BRV was identified in 34/72 (47.2%) samples from 27/48 (56.3%) farms. Subsequently, pathogenic E. coli (30.6%), kobuvirus (29.2%), BPaV (22.2%), Giardia spp. (15.3%), Eimeria spp. (9.7%), BVDV (6.9%), Cl. perfringens type A (6.9%), BCoV (4.6%) and Cryptosporidium spp. (2.8%) were detected in fecal samples. A total of ninety-six strains of E. coli were isolated from one hundred fecal samples collected from Korean native cattle with diarrhea. The presence of stx1, stx2, eaeA, LT, STa, STb, ehxA, saa, F4, F5(K99), F6, F17, F18 and F41 genes in the isolates was investigated by PCR. Out of ninety-six E. coli isolates screened for specific genes, 30 strains E. coli were identified to harbor shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) 7 (7.3%), enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) 8 (8.3%), enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) 6 (6.3%), enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) 2 (2.1%) and STEC/ETEC hybrid 7 (7.3%). This study provides epidemiological estimates of the prevalence of Korean native cattle's enteropathogens in Gwangju area, Korea, which would be used for cattle farmers and veterinarians to select appropriate therapeutic method.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.71-79
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• 2005

In this study, a total of 2,119 samples was taken from bovine feces and carcass from March 2002 to December 2003. And those were examined for the presence of enterohemorrhagic E coli O157:H7. The properties of the isolates were characterized for biochemical features, serotypes, virulence genes and antimicrobial susceptibility. Forty five strains($3.7\%$) of E coli O157:H7 were isolated from 1,208 fecal samples and were not detected in carcass using immunomagnetic separation technique and selective media. In multiplex PCR using stx1, stx2, eaeA and hlyA primers, the amplified bands at 180 bp, 255bp, 384bp and 534bp were observed, respectively. In antimicrobial susceptibility test, all isolates were susceptible to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and cefazolin. The isolates were most resistant to sulfisoxazole($24.4\%$), followed by streptomycin($22.2\%$), tetracycline($20.0\%$). Eight strains($17.8\%$) of 45 isolates showed the multi-resistant patterns with over 3 drugs.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.10-16
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• 2021

건강에 대한 관심 증대와 1인 가구 증가라는 사회구조적인 변화로 이용하기 편리한 농산물에 대한 소비가 증가하고 있다. 대부분의 신선 농산물은 가열하지 않고 섭취하는 경우가 많기 때문에 식품 매개 병원체에 쉽게 노출될 수 있어 세계적으로 과채류가 원인인 식중독 사고의 보고가 증가하고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 신선 농산물의 미생물학적 품질을 평가하고 식중독균 검출 방법을 비교 분석하고자 하였다. 신선 농산물 중 채소류 129건을 구입하여 배양기반 방법으로 식중독균을 분석한 결과, non-pathogenic Escherichia coli (3.9%), Bacillus cereus (31.8%), Clostridium perfringens (5.4%), Yersinia enterocolitica (0.8%), enterohemorrhagic E. coli (0.8%)가 검출되었다. 이러한 식중독균의 분석에는 증균 배양과정이 중요하게 작용을 하며 균주의 순수 분리 및 확인 동정에까지 상대적으로 많은 시간과 노력이 요구된다. 따라서 증균 배양의 과정 없이 식중독균을 신속하게 검출 할 수 있는 PCR-DGGE를 수행하여 배양 기반의 분석법과 비교하였다. 비병원성 대장균은 배양 기반 방법에서 검출되지 않았음에도 PCR-DGGE에서는 검출된 경우가 2건이 있었다. 본 연구에서 사용한 대장균 정량 분석방법은 시료를 10배 희석한 후 배양하는 과정에서 시료의 손실 가능성과 검출 한계가 높은 단점으로 PCR-DGGE가 균종의 확인에 더욱 용이할 것으로 보였다. 저위해성 식중독균은 배양 기반 방법보다 PCR-DGGE에서 검출 한계가 높은 것으로 보였다. 고위해성 식중독균은 배양 기반 방법보다 PCR-DGGE (10 CFU/g)에서 검출 한계가 낮아 균종 확인과 검출에 용이하다고 판단되었고 이를 통해 채소류에서 고위해성 식중독균의 잠재적 위험성을 확인하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 신선 농산물의 미생물 위해 평가와 기준 설정을 위한 기초 자료로 활용될 수 있으며 신선 농산물 관련 식중독균 검출 방법의 개선과 식중독 발생 예방에 기여할 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.94-101
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 김치 제조시 철저한 재료 세척의 필요성을 확인하고, 더불어 비가열 식품인 김치의 위생 안전성 실태를 파악하여 효율적 미생물 저감화 방안을 마련하고자 국내에서 유통되는 김치 원 부재료 200건의 세척 전과 후의 비교분석과 시판 김치 100건에 대하여 미생물 분석을 실시하였다. 김치 원 부재료 및 완제품에 대하여 일반세균수, 대장균 및 대장균군을 모니터링 하였으며, 병원성 미생물 9종(Bacillus cereus, Clostridium perfringens 정성 정량, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli, Campylobacter jejuni/coli, Yersinia enterocolitica, Salmonella spp., Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Listeria monocytogenes 정성)을 분석 하였다. 모니터링 결과, 김치 원 부재료 및 완제품에서 일반세균은 1.4~9.0 log CFU/g 수준으로 확인되었으며, 원 부재료 중 생강에서 8.8 log CFU/g, 완제품 중 총각김치에서 9.0 log CFU/g으로 일반세균이 가장 높게 나타났다. 대장균군은 0.5~7.3 log CFU/g으로 확인되었으며, 생강에서 7.3 log CFU/g으로 가장 높게 나타났고, 병원성 미생물 9종의 분석결과, Bacillus cereus를 제외한 나머지 8종의 식중독균은 모든 시료에서 검출되지 않았다. 김치 제조 시 사용되는 김치 원 부재료들의 세척공정 후 미생물 수는 일반세균수 0.2~3.2 log CFU/g, 대장균군 0.3~2.7 log CFU/g, Bacillus cereus 1.0~3.9 log CFU/g 감소하였다. 따라서, 김치 원 부재료의 세척 공정으로 미생물 오염도를 감소 시켰으며, 이 결과를 통하여 김치 완제품의 위생 및 저장성 증진에 기여 할 수 있을 것으로 확인되었다.