• Title/Summary/Keyword: enrichment

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The Effect of Hydrogen Enrichment on Exhaust Emissions and Thermal Efficiency in a LPG fuelled Engine

  • Park, Gyeung-Ho;Han, Sung-Bin;Chung, Yon-Jong
    • Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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    • v.17 no.8
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    • pp.1196-1202
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    • 2003
  • The concept of hydrogen enriched LPG fuelled engine can be essentially characterized as low emissions and reduction of backfire for hydrogen engine. The purpose of study is obtaining low-emission and high-efficiency in LPG engine with hydrogen enrichment. In order to determine the ideal compression ratio, a variable compression ratio single cylinder engine was developed. The objective of this paper is to clarify the effects of hydrogen enriched LPG fuelled engine on exhaust emission, thermal efficiency and performance. The compression ratio of 8 was selected to minimize abnormal combustion. To maintain equal heating value, the amount of LPG was decreased, and hydrogen was gradually added. In a similar manner, the relative air-fuel ratio was increased from 0.8 to 1.3 in increment of 0.1, and the ignition timing was controlled to be at MBT each case.

Anomalous Enrichment of $Pb^+$Ions by Crossed Beam Scattering of a Pb($Zr_xTil_{1-x}O_3$) Plume and an $O_2$ Jet

  • Park, Seong Min;Mun, Ji Yun
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.21 no.8
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    • pp.801-804
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    • 2000
  • A crossed beam scattering of a $Pb(ZrxTi1-x)O_3plume$ and an oxygen jetwas studied by using a time-of-flight quadrupole mass spectroscopy. Both simple collisions and reactive scatterings had significant effects on the transportand energetics of ions in the plume. Relative enrichment of metal and metal oxide ions was also changed with the oxygen pulse because of the differences in the mass and chemical properties of the ions. In particular, an anomalous increase ofPb+ ions was observed as the oxygen jet crossed the plume at high laserfluences, while the signal magnitudes of alI other ions were reduced. This originates from the fact that PbO+ ions dissociate easily to liberate Pb+ ions inthe plume since the bond energy of PbO+ is as low as 2.2 eV.

Rates of Recovery of Enterobacter sakazakii (Cronobacter spp.) from Powdered Infant Formula Using Both a Chromogenic Agar and Real-Time PCR : A Preliminary Study

  • Song, Kwang-Young;Seo, Kun-Ho;Chon, Jung-Whan
    • Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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    • v.39 no.3
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    • pp.113-120
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    • 2021
  • Although the number of incidences of illness caused by ingestion of the bacterial pathogen Enterobacter sakazakii (Cronobacter spp.) has dramatically declined, there remains a need for a robust isolation method to recover this microbe from powdered infant formula (PIF). The current method described in the FDA's Bacteriological Analytical Manual requires multiple steps, and 3-4+ days for complete analysis of PIF isolated E. sakazakii (Cronobacter spp.). We describe a bacteriological method including a one-step enrichment followed by plating on chromogenic agar for presumptive identification of E. sakazakii (Cronobacter spp.). Suspected colonies are confirmed by either biochemical analyses, or a Real-Time PCR-based assay. Using this method, E. sakazakii (Cronobacter spp.) in PIF can be isolated and identified within one day (24 hours).

Monte Carlo analysis of LWR spent fuel transmutation in a fusion-fission hybrid reactor system

  • Sahin, Sumer;Sahin, Haci Mehmet;Tunc, Guven
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • v.50 no.8
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    • pp.1339-1348
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    • 2018
  • The aim of this paper is to determine neutronic performances of the light water reactor (LWR) spent fuel mixed with fertile thorium fuel in a FFHR. Time dependent three dimensional calculations for major technical data, such as blanket energy multiplication, tritium breeding ratio, cumulative fissile fuel enrichment and burnup have been performed by using Monte Carlo Neutron-Particle Transport code MCNP5 1.4, coupled with a novel interface code MCNPAS, which is developed by our research group. A self-sustaining tritium breeding ratio (TBR>1.05) has been kept throughout the calculations. The study has shown that the fissile fuel quality will be improved in the course of the transmutation of the LWR spent in the FFHR. The latter has gained the reusable fuel enrichment level conventional LWRs between one and two years. Furthermore, LWR spent fuel - thorium mixture provides higher burn-up values than in light water reactors.

Functional Quails Eggs using Enriched Spirulina during the Biosorption Process

  • nia, Maryam Vejdani;Emtyazjoo, Mozhgan;Chamani, Mohammad
    • Food Science of Animal Resources
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    • v.42 no.1
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    • pp.34-45
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    • 2022
  • Spirulina platensis was included at 2.5%, 5%, and 7.5% of the diet as a phytobiotic either as a crude preparation or after enrichment by a biosorption process and fed to 126 Japanese quail and the eggs collected and examined for 6 weeks. Assessments were made of physical and chemical characteristics of the eggs. All treatments with added Spirulina increased unsaturated fatty acids and decreased saturated fatty acids with the largest responses for linolenic (omega 3) and oleic (omega 9) acids. The changes in fatty acids were greater with enriched than crude Spirulina. These results suggest that eggs from quail fed with Spirulina may have positive effects on human health.

Revolution of the TFT LCD Technology

  • Liu, C.T.
    • 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2006.08a
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    • pp.4-4
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    • 2006
  • Since the introduction of TFT LCDs in portable personal computers (notebooks) in the early 1990's, the TFT LCD industry has experienced several waves of technology revolution: (1) product introduction, (2) performance enrichment, (3) power utilization and material utilization, and (4) human-interface functions.

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