• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.264-268
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• 2012

Tree-based structures offer assured optimal paths from the data source to the sink. Shortest routes are disregarded since these do not consider the remaining energy level of the nodes. This shortens the lifetime of the whole network. Most tree-based routing protocols, although aware of the nodes' energy, do not consider an energy aware sleep scheduling scheme. We propose an energy-aware sleep scheduling (EASS) scheme that will improve the sleep scheduling scheme of an existing tree-based routing protocol. An energy harvesting structure will be implemented on the wireless sensor network. The depth of sleep of every node will be based on the harvested energy.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.49 no.9
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• pp.27-34
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• 2012

Today the energy consumption of ICT networks is about 10% of the worldwide power consumption and will be remarkably increased in the near future. For that reason, the energy saving topics of ICT networks are actually studying in various research institutes. This paper studies the possible energy saving methods assuring the QoS of networks on network level. This paper assumed the energy consumption models according to energy profiles of node and link in IP networks. Especially it formulates the energy problem of a minimum energy consumption with various energy profile models and suggests the methods of energy-aware QoS routing under energy saving and network QoS sustaining condition. It shows the large difference of energy saving according to energy profiles and the possibility of energy saving by using the appropriate energy profile model in the simulation experiment. This paper shows that min_used_path(MP) heuristic of energy-aware QoS routing is the excellent method compared with other heuristic methods as view of reduction ratio of nodes and links and energy saving effect under network QoS sustaining condition. As a result, this paper confirms that the min_used_path(MP) heuristic of energy-aware QoS routing can get energy saving and sustaining of network QoS in IP networks.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.11 no.9
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• pp.1799-1805
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• 2007

Wireless Ad-hoc networks may contain nodes of various types of which many can have limited power capabilities. A failure of a node due to energy exhaustion may impact the performance of the whole network hence, energy must be conserved. In this paper, we propose a Delay and Energy-Aware Routing (DEAR) algorithm a multiple metric path cost routing algorithm which considers not only the energy consumed by the node during transmission and reception but as well as the residual energy of the node and the delay incurred during route discovery. Based on our results, DEAR algorithm performs well and maximizes network lifetime by routing flows to nodes with sufficient energy such that the energy consumption is balanced among nodes in proportion to their energy reserves.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.21-29
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• 2010

In Ad-Hoc Networks, the limited energy is the key issue for longer network operation time. To solve this problem, various energy-aware routing techniques have been proposed including PSR (Power-aware Source Routing), HPSR (Hirachical Power-aware Source Routing), and etc. Those techniques generally select the most adequate route considering the energy consumption so that the energy efficiency can be improved. However, There are problems in those techniques that traffic can be concentrated in some specific area in a network. In this paper, a new energy aware routing technique called MPSR is proposed to achieve longer network lifetime and fewer rerouting attempts.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.1066-1070
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• 2010

In wireless network, energy efficiency is an important design consideration for continuous multimedia streaming service. This paper proposes a new streaming system, called BACASS (Buffer-Aware and Content-Aware Streaming System) that working on the 802.11e U-APSD (Unscheduled Automatic Power Save). The BACASS leads the DP (Doze Period) of U-APSD for improving energy efficiency by utilizing the PSNR based on content-aware and client buffer occupancy that is hinged on a network-aware streaming system using SVC. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed streaming system.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.51-63
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• 2008

Effective energy consumption now becomes one of the area of knowledge management which potentially gives global impact. It is considerable for the energy management to optimize the usage of energy, rather than decreasing energy consumption at any cases. To resolve these challenges, an intelligent and personalized system which helps the individuals control their own behaviors in an optimal and timely manner is needed. So far, however, since the legacy energy management systems are nation-wide or organizational, individual-level energy management is nearly impossible. Moreover, most estimating methods of energy consumption are based on forecasting techniques which tend to risky or analysis models which may not be provided in a timely manner. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to propose a novel individual-level energy management system which aims to realize timely and personalized energy management based on context-aware computing approach. To do so, an index model for energy consumption is proposed with a corresponding service framework.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2006.06d
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• pp.1-3
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• 2006

최근 정보통신 기술의 발전은 유비쿼터스 컴퓨팅이라는 새로운 정보통신 혁명을 야기하게 되었고, 그로 인해 무선 센서 네트워크의 필요성이 제기되고 있다. 빛, 온도, 습도와 같은 물리적인 정보 수집을 목적으로 가지는 센서 네트워크에서의 라우팅 프로토콜은 기존의 라우팅 프로토콜과는 다른 제약 사항 및 요구 사항을 갖는다. 본 논문에서는 무선 센서 네트워크 환경을 고려한 새로운 라우팅 프로토콜로 Energy-aware Surge 라우팅 프로토콜을 제안 및 구현하였다. Energy-aware Surge 프로토콜은 배터리 리소스에 제약을 갖는 센서 네트워크의 환경을 고려하여, 기존 라우팅 프로토콜과 다르게 센서 노드의 잔여 에너지를 기반으로 계층적인 경로를 설정하게 된다. 성능 검증을 위해 기존 Surge 라우팅 프로토콜을 수정하여 Energy-aware Surge 프로토콜을 구현하였으며, 상용 센서 플랫폼인 MICAz를 이용하여 성능실험을 수행하였다. 성능 실험 및 시뮬레이션 결과를 통해, 제안하는 Energy-aware Surge 라우팅 프로토콜이 무선 센서 노드의 잔여 에너지를 고려하여 패킷의 전달 경로를 적절하게 선택하며, 이를 통해 무선 센서 네트워크의 전체 라이프타임을 효과적으로 증가시키는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.11 no.9
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• pp.4320-4333
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• 2017

Energy-efficient virtual resource allocation algorithm has become a hot research topic in cloud computing. However, most of the existing allocation schemes cannot ensure each type of resource be fully utilized. To solve the problem, this paper proposes a virtual machine (VM) allocation algorithm on the basis of multi-dimensional resource, considering the diversity of user's requests. First, we analyze the usage of each dimension resource of physical machines (PMs) and build a D-dimensional resource state model. Second, we introduce an energy-resource state metric (PAR) and then propose an energy-aware multi-dimensional resource allocation algorithm called MRBEA to allocate resources according to the resource state and energy consumption of PMs. Third, we validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm by real-world datasets. Experimental results show that MRBEA has a better performance in terms of energy consumption, SLA violations and the number of VM migrations.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.31 no.1A
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• pp.23-29
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• 2006

In wireless sensor networks(WSNs), it is crucial to maintain network connectivity as long as possible since nodes are battery-powered and unchange-able. We propose a new routing protocol called Energy Aware Source Routing(EASR) which can be efficient in respect of network lifetime and long-term connectivity. Our protocol is multipath source routing, only one path will be selected at the same time and each path has probability to be selected like as Energy Aware Routing(EAR) protocol. The route discovery procedure of EASR protocol is reformed from the route discovery procedure of Split Multipath Routing(SMR) protocol. However, there is the difference between SMR and EASR. In EASR, we define an overhearing ratio in order to reduce energy waste due to overhearing effect among each selected path. Thus, we can establish energy efficient multiple paths by making use of overhearing ratio. The simulation results are also demonstrated that our scheme increases in network lifetimes, and achieves reasonable packet latency time.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.46 no.11
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• pp.25-31
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• 2009

In this paper we propose an improved energy aware greedy perimeter stateless routing protocol (EAGPSR) for wireless ad hoc network. The existing greedy perimeter stateless routine (GPSR) has some problems with overloaded node and void situation. The improved EAGPSR protocol is proposed to remedy these problems. It also gives the solution for the fundamental problem in geographical routine called void communication. It considers two parameters (Residual Energy of battery and distance to the destination) for the next hop selection. In order to use efficiently limited-energy of node in wireless ad hoc network, network lifetime is focused. To evaluate the performance of our protocol we simulated EAGPSR in ns-2. The simulation results show that the proposed protocol achieves longer network lifetime compared with greedy perimeter stateless routing (GPSR) and the existing Energy aware greedy perimeter stateless routing protocol (EAGPSR).