• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.133-137
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• 2004

This study was carried out to establish a method for the detection of irradiated glutinous rice by measuring pulsed photostimulated luminescence (PPSL) and viscometric properties. Viscosity was determined using a Brookfield DV-III rotation viscometer at 3$0^{\circ}C$ and measured at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, and 210 rpm. All irradiated samples indicated a decrease in viscosity with increasing stirring speeds (rpm) and irradiation doses. Treatments with 2∼5 kGy significantly decreased the viscosity. The photon counts of the irradiated glutinous rice were measured by PPSL and the photon counts of the non-irradiated and irradiated glutinous rice measured immediately after irradiation exhibited an increase with increasing irradiation dose. The photon counts of irradiated glutinous rice almost disappeared with the lapse of time when stored under normal room conditions, but was still possible to detect after 12 months of darkroom storage. Consequently, these results indicate that the detection of irradiated glutinous rice is possible by both viscometric and PPSL methods.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.311-318
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• 1985

This review was intended to develop the sterilization method of spices by gamma irradiation and the results are summarized as follows. Microbial load of spices was different according to the kind of spices and the number was ranged from $10^{2}$-$10^{5}/g$ to $10^{7}$-$10^{8}/g$, gamma irradiation up to 4-10 kGy could decreased or sterilized to the microorganism of spices. In physicochemical properties of spices such as chemical components,essential oil and flavor, irradiated group with optimum dose was almost similar to the nonirradiated one, while fumigant treated group was remarkably deteriorated in the properties of spices compared with control, and free radicals produced by irradiation was disappeared during a few days storage. Irradiated spices should be an aptitude for good quality the storeability of processing food. Optimum dose irradiation below less than that proposed by FAO/IAEA/WHO Joint Committee and FDA was remarkably effect on the sterilization of spices and superior in wholesomeness and economic feasibiity compared with traditional methods. Irradiation might be an alternative to traditional sterilization methods of spices by fumigants such as ethylene oxide and ethylene dibromide because their treatments have been banned in U.S.A and other countries since 1982.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 1998년도 제13차 학술회의논문집
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• pp.135-140
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• 1998

The concept of dissipativity and passivity are of interest to us from a theoretical as well as a practical point of view. It is well known that the Riccati equation is derived from the dissipation inequality which expresses the fact that the system is dissipative; the energy stored inside the system doesn't exceed the amount of supply which flows into the system. The pencil model is regarded as a representation based on behavioral approach introduced by J.C. Willems. It has first order in the internal variable and zeroth order in the external variable. In general, any matrix pencil is transformed into a canonical form which is consist of several kind of sub-pencils, One of them has row full rank for $^\forall S\;\in\;\mathds{C}\;\bigcup{\infty}$, we call it under-determined mode of the model. In our opinion, most important properties of dynamical system lay in the mode. According to the properties of canonical form for pencil, it is shown that the storage function which characterizes the dissipativity of the system can be written as a LMI for the under-determined mode, if the system doesn't include impulse mode.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제30권11호
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• pp.636-640
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• 2020

Due to the serious air pollution problem, interest in eco-friendly vehicles is increasing. Solving the problem of pollution will necessitate the securing of high energy storage technology for batteries, the driving force of eco-friendly vehicles. The reason for the continuing interest in the transition metal oxide LiMO₂ as a cathode material with a layered structure is that lithium ions reveal high mobility in two-dimensional space. Therefore, it is important to investigate the effective intercalation and deintercalation pathways of Li⁺, which affect battery capacity, to understand the internal structure of the cathode particle and its effect on the electrochemical performance. In this study, for the cathode material, high nickel Ni_0.8Co_0.1Mn_0.1(OH)₂ precursor is synthesized by controlling the ammonia concentration. Thereafter, the shape of the primary particles of the precursor is investigated through SEM analysis; X-ray diffraction analysis is also performed. The electrochemical properties of LiNi_0.8Co_0.1Mn_0.1O₂ are evaluated after heat treatment.

• 대한금속재료학회지
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.171-175
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• 2012

By measuring the absorbed hydrogen quantity as a function of the number of cycles, the cycling properties of the Mg-15 wt%Ni-5 wt%$Fe_2O_3$ alloy were investigated. The absorbed hydrogen quantity decreased as the number of cycles increased. The $H_a$ value varied almost linearly with the number of cycles. The maintainability of absorbed hydrogen quantity at n=100 was 89.0% for the hydriding reaction time of 10 min. After the $150^{th}$ hydriding-dehydriding cycle, Mg, $Mg_2Ni$, $Mg(OH)_2$, MgO, and Fe were observed. The phases were analyzed by Rietveld analysis from the XRD patterns of the Mg-15 wt%Ni-5 wt%$Fe_2O_3$ alloy after 150 hydriding-dehydriding cycles. The crystallite size and strain of Mg were then estimated with the Williamson-Hall technique.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.150-163
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• 2021

Interest in eco-friendly materials with high efficiencies is increasing significantly as science and technology undergo a paradigm shift toward environment-friendly and sustainable development. MXenes, a class of two-dimensional inorganic compounds, are generally defined as transition metal carbides or nitrides composed of few-atoms-thick layers with functional groups. Recently MXenes, because of their desirable electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties that emerge from conductive layered structures with tunable surface terminations, have garnered significant attention as promising candidates for energy storage applications (e.g., supercapacitors and electrode materials for Li-ion batteries), water purification, and gas sensors. In this review, we introduce MXenes and describe their properties and research trends by classifying them into two main categories: transition metal carbides and nitrides, including Ti-based MXenes, Mo-based MXenes, and Nb-based MXenes.

• 한국해양환경ㆍ에너지학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.187-197
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• 2010

화석연료를 사용하는 발전소 및 제철소 등 대규모 발생원에서 배출되는 $CO_2$를 포집하고 이를 대수층이나 유가스전과 같은 지질학적 구조에 장기간 저장하는 이산화탄소 포집 및 저장기술(Carbon dioxide Capture and Storage, CCS)이 기후변화 대응기술로서 국내외적으로 주목 받고 있다. 이와 같은 CCS 기술을 구현하기 위해서는 포집된 대용량의 $CO_2$ 혼합물을 파이프라인이나 선박 등을 통해 수송하는 과정이 필요하고, 이러한 공정에 대한 기존의 연구는 주로 순수 $CO_2$를 대상으로 하여 진행되어 왔다. 그러나 일반적으로 발전소 및 제철소 등에서 포집된 $CO_2$ 혼합물에는 $N_2$, $O_2$, Ar, $H_2O$, $SO_2$, $H_2S$ 등과 같은 불순물들을 포함하고 있다. 이러한 $CO_2$ 혼합물 내 불순물들은 처리하고자 하는 $CO_2$ 혼합물의 열역학 상태량 등을 변화시킴으로써 압축, 정제, 수송 및 저장 공정들에 커다란 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 불순물 중 황성분이 함유된 $SO_2$가 포함된 $CO_2$ 혼합물의 수송 및 저장 공정을 설계하는데 있어 매우 중요한 $CO_2$ 혼합물의 열역학 거동을 모사하기 위한 상태량 모델들을 비교 분석하였다. 이를 위해 BWRS EOS, PR EOS, PRBM EOS, RKS EOS, SRK EOS 그리고 NRTL-RK 모델과 같은 총 6가지 물리적 상태량 모델을 이용하여 $CO_2-SO_2$ 혼합물의 VLE 거동을 수치계산하고 이를 실험 데이터와 비교하였다. 또한, $CO_2$, $SO_2$와 같은 서로 다른 분자간의 상호작용 효과를 보완하기 위하여 상태량 모델을 이용한 계산결과와 실험결과와의 차이를 정량화하여 각각의 상태량 모델의 예측능력을 계량화 비교분석하였고 이로부터 $CO_2-SO_2$ 혼합물에 대한 최적의 이성분 매개변수 값들을 도출하였다.

• 한국해양환경ㆍ에너지학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.217-226
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• 2009

발전소 및 제철소 등 대규모 발생원에서부터 포집한 $CO_2$ 혼합물을 파이프라인이나 선박 등을 통해 수송하고, 이를 해양의 퇴적층에 수백-수천 년 이상 장기간 격리 및 관리하는 $CO_2$ 해양지중저장기술이 기후변화 대응기술로서 국내외적으로 주목 받고 있다. 본 CO2 저장기술을 구현하기 위한 수송 및 저장 공정에 대한 기존의 연구는 주로 순수 $CO_2$를 대상으로 하여 진행되어 왔다. 그러나 일반적으로 발전소 및 제철소 등에서 포집된 $CO_2$ 혼합물에는 $N_2$, $O_2$, Ar, $H_2O$, $SO_x$, $H_2S$ 등과 같은 불순물들을 포함하고 있다. 이러한 $CO_2$ 혼합물 내 불순물들은 처리하고자 하는 $CO_2$ 혼합물의 열역학 상태량 등을 변화시킴으로써 압축, 정제, 수송 및 저장 공정들에 커다란 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 불순물 중 불활성 가스인 $N_2$가 포함된 $CO_2$ 혼합물의 수송 및 저장 공정을 설계하는데 있어 매우 중요한 $CO_2$ 혼합물의 열역학 거동을 모사하기 위한 열역학 상태방정식들을 비교 분석하였다. 또한, $CO_2$, $N_2$와 같은 서로 다른 분자간의 상호작용 효과를 보완하기 위하여 사용되는 이성분 매개변수에 대한 최적 값을 도출하였다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.25-30
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• 2005

수소 분위기에서 10wt.%MnO와 기계적인 분쇄(반응성 기계적 분쇄)에 의해 Mg의 수소 저장 성질을 향상시켰다. 회전 속도는 250 rpm, 밀링시간은 2 h, 그리고 시료 대 볼 중량비는 1/45이었다. 준비한 Mg-10wt.%MnO 시료는 활성화를 위한 수소화물 형성 분해 싸이클링이 필요없었으며, 첫 번째 싸이클 593k 12 bar $H_2$에서, 10분 동안에 3.12wt.%, 60분 동안에 3.95wt.%의 수소를 흡수하였다. 또한 Mg-10wt.%MnO는 593k 0.8 bar $H_2$에서 60분 동안에 2.12wt.%의 수소를 방출하였다. MnO와 Mg의 방응성 분쇄는, 핵생성을 용이케하고 (Mg 입자의 표면에 결함 형성과 첨가물에 의해), Mg 입자의 표면에 crack을 만들어 Mg의 입자 크기를 줄여 그 결과 수소 원자의 확산 거리를 작게 함으로써 수소 흡수 방출 속도를 증가시킨다. 수소화물 형성 분해 싸이클링은 Mg 입자의 표면에 crack을 만들고 Mg의 입자 크기를 줄여 수소 흡수 방출 속도를 증가시킨다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.11-18
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• 1996

The Laves phase alloy hydrides have some promising properties as electrode materials in reversible metal hydride batteries. In this work, the hydrogen storage performance, crystallographic parameters, surface morphology, surface area and electrochemical characteristics of the non-stoichiometric $ZrMn_{0.3}V_{0.7}Ni_{1.4+{\alpha}}$, $ZrMn_{0.5}V_{0.5}Ni_{1.4+{\alpha}}$($\alpha$ =0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6) alloys were examined. These as-cast alloys were found to have mainly a cubic C15-type Laves phase structure by X -ray diffraction analysis. The equilibrium pressure of the alloy were increased as $\alpha$ increased in both two types alloy. In case of $ZrMn_{0.5}V_{0.5}Ni_{1.4+{\alpha}}$ alloys, discharge efficiency and the rate capability of the alloy were decreased as $\alpha$ increased but, these values were increased in case of $ZrMn_{0.3}V_{0.7}Ni_{1.4+{\alpha}}$ alloys. The differences of these electrode properties observed were dependent on the reaction surface area and the catalytic activity of unit area of the each electrode.