• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.223-232
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• 2013

In this study, carbon emissions and energy consumption were evaluated to establish a design strategy which has low energy consumption and carbon emission production, by using life cycle energy (LCE) and life cycle $CO_2(LCCO_2)$ calculation methods in life cycle management(LCM) tools. After improvement design projects, the energy consumption and $CO_2$ emission were calculated and compared in three sewage treatment plants (STPs), which are A STP, B STP, and C STP. The reduction of carbon emissions was 28,020.1 ton $CO_{2-}e/yr$, 37,399.6 ton $CO_{2-}e/yr$ and 8,788.3 ton $CO_{2-}e/yr$, respectively. Production of energy was 792 TOE/yr, 1,235 TOE/yr and 1,023 TOE/yr, respectively. As a result, the estimation of energy and energy self-sufficiency was 5.1 %, 14.5 % and 23.5 %, respectively. The result of this study shows the LCM can be contributed to establish strategy for energy and carbon emission reduction in sewage treatment plants.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.863-868
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• 2020

Co Self-Powered Neutron Detector (SPND) is confronted with the problem of material consumption, which causes the response current can neither reflect the change of neutron flux in time nor be proportional to the neutron flux. In this paper, a deconvolution-based method is established to solve this problem. First of all, a step signal of neutron flux is taken as an example to analyze its performance. When the material consumption of Co SPND is 10%, after compensation, the response current can be in correspondence of neutron flux. Finally, the effects of this model in different Signal-to-Noise Ratio are analyzed, which fully confirms the truth of its excellent performance for compensating Co SPND's signal.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.193-200
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• 2016

Research and development of energy self-consumption introducing photovoltaic and energy storage system at home is very active. This system can manage the home energy in which it charges the electricity generated during the day and uses it during high electricity bills. However, it not yet made up the residential real-time pricing in Korea but it can reduce electricity usage to a certain target on the progressive. In order to introduce the home photovoltaic, it requires PCS(Power Conditioning System). This converts the direct current into alternating current by the electricity generated and used to perform charging and discharging of the energy storage system. The market for self-consumption smart home system is currently increasing because the interests of the general public about solar power, energy storage systems increased. The result of this study is installed on the room environment and the effect was analyzed on the assumption of real-time pricing.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.133-138
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• 2011

This paper presents energy self-sufficiency simulated in municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) by adopting solar energy production systems that were simulated by varying azimuth and super-hydrophilic coating on the surface of photovoltaic (PV). Relative to the national average energy consumption in WWTPs, the employment of 100 kW PV system was simulated to achieve 2.75% of energy self-sufficiency. The simulated results suggested that the installation of PVs toward South or Southwest would produce the highest energy self-sufficiency in WWTPs. When super-hydrophilic coating was employed in the conventional PV, 5% of additional solar energy production was achievable as compared to uncoated conventional PV. When 100 kW of PV system was installed in a future test-bed site, Kihyeung Respia WWTP located in Yongin, South Korea, the energy self-sufficiency by solar power was simulated to be 1.77%. The simulated solar power production by azimuth and super-hydrophilic coating will be useful reference for practitioners in designing the solar PV systems in the WWTPs.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.255-258
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• 2009

Leading developed countries have studied energy self-sufficient houses such as zero or low energy buildings to reduce energy consumption for buildings since the early 1990s. Moreover, some developed countries have actually constructed self-sufficient houses and operated them for demonstration, expanding use of such houses. Korea has also established Zero Energy Solar House(ZeSH) and studied energy independence. Therefore, this study analyzed research result regarding ZeSH, self-sufficient energy house hold of Korea, found out technologies used for heating energy independence, used building interpretation program(ESP_r) to evaluate performance of each factors and analyzed energy reduction quantitatively. Results from the research are as follows: Reduction rate of actual detached house's heating load was also analyzed quantitatively depending on application of each technology. When each factor was applied step-by-step, annual reduction rate of heating load depending on increase in insulation thickness reached 6.6~22.2 %. Annual reduction rate of heating load depending on increase insulation thickness, and change in window heating performance and area ratio reached 31.5 %. Annual reduction rate of heating load through high-sealing and high-insulation depending on change in leakage rate reached 40.0~88.9 %. Annual reduction of heating load, when Mass Wall and attached sun space was applied were applied reached 28.5~39.2 %, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.1-12
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• 2013

Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the patterns of energy drink consumption and associated factors in a group of college students in South Korea. Methods: Cross-sectional, self-report survey data were collected from 231 college students in November of 2012 and were analyzed by logistic regression. Results: Students consuming energy drinks accounted for 81.8% of the entire sample and 40.3% of the sample reported that they mixed with alcoholic drink. The most common reason for drinking an energy drink was "To stay awake", followed by "To relieve fatigue". In logistic regression analysis, statistically significant predictors of energy drink consumption was alcohol drinking behavior. Conclusions: Consumption of energy drinks has been quite common in college students. Awareness of college students regarding potential health effects of energy drinks, in particular, those of mixing alcoholic beverage, should be increased through health education.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.180-190
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• 2011

Efficient energy consumption is a critical factor for deployment and operation of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). To achieve energy efficiency there have been several hierarchical routing protocols that organize sensors into clusters where one sensor is a cluster-head to forward messages received from its cluster-member sensors to the base station of the WSN. In this paper, we propose a self-organized clustering method for cluster-head selection and cluster based routing for a WSN. To select cluster-heads and organize clustermembers for each cluster, every sensor uses only local information and simple decision mechanisms which are aimed at configuring a self-organized system. By these self-organized interactions among sensors and selforganized selection of cluster-heads, the suggested method can form clusters for a WSN and decide routing paths energy efficiently. We compare our clustering method with a clustering method that is a well known routing protocol for the WSNs. In our computational experiments, we show that the energy consumptions and the lifetimes of our method are better than those of the compared method. The experiments also shows that the suggested method demonstrate properly some self-organized properties such as robustness and adaptability against uncertainty for WSN's.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.683-690
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• 2010

Renewable and unutilized energy (biogas power generation, wind power, solar, small hydro-power, sewage heat source, etc.) seems to be suitable to install for the sewage treatment facilities. There are 357 sewage treatment plants in 2007. 17 plants among these have been operating for self-supporting energy by using solar power, small hydro-power and biogas in 2008. Newly built sewage treatment plant of 96,000 $m^3$/day for a newtown is expected to get up to energy consumption of 10 GWh/yr. If solar energy, small hydro-power and biogas-equipments were applied to the new treatment plant, self-supporting energy of the new sewage treatment plant will get up to 56.1%. As a results, about 2,379ton $CO_2$/yr $CO_2$ emission reduction can be expected by using renewable energy. These efforts for self-supporting energy will lead sewage treatment plant to new energy recycle center.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.199.1-199.1
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is on the thermal performance evaluation of KIER Zero Energy Solar House-II, called ZeSH-II which can be sustained with the support of a very few energy. This ZeSH-II was designed and constructed in the end of 2009 to develop for the goal of 70% self-sufficiency. Several key technologies like as the super insulation, high performance window, wast heat recovery system as well as solar power and thermal system and geo-source heat pump wear used for this ZeSH-II. The monitering of ZeSH-II was conducted for six months from November 2009 to April 2010. The monthly energy consumption was calculated based on the monitering results. As a result, the ZeSH-II shows that the energy self-sufficiency during six months(from oct. to apr.) is about 80% which is higher than that of the target.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.483-487
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• 2022

In this paper, we design a self-powered Arduino system for solar energy harvesting and explain its operation. To perform the operation, the Arduino system senses the amount of solar energy that changes every moment and adjusts the ratio of the active mode and sleep mode operation time according to a given solar light intensity. If the intensity of sunlight is strong enough, the Arduino system can be continuously driven in active mode and receive sufficient power from sunlight. If not, the system can run in sleep mode to minimize power consumption. As a result, it can be seen that energy consumption can be minimized by reducing power consumption by up to 81.7% when using sleep mode compared to continuously driving active mode. Also, when the light intensity is at an intermediate level, the ratio between the active mode and the sleep mode is appropriately adjusted according to the light intensity to operate. The method of self-control of the operating time ratio of active mode and sleep mode, proposed in this paper, is thought to be helpful in energy-efficient operation of the self-powered systems for wearables and bio-health applications.