• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.37 no.5
• /
• pp.433-446
• /
• 2005

The development of accelerator science and technology has been accommodating ever increasing demand from scientific community of the beam energy and intensity of proton beams. The use of high-powered proton beams has extended from the traditional application of nuclear and high-energy physics to other applications, including spallation neutron source replacing nuclear reactor, nuclear actinide transmutation, energy amplification reactors. This article attempts to review development of proton accelerator, both linear and circular, and issues related to the proton beam energy, intensity as well as its output power. For related accelerator physics and technical review, one should refer to the recent article in the Reviews of Modem Physics [1]

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
• /
• v.26 no.3
• /
• pp.46-52
• /
• 2012

During the past decades, energy and Green House Gas(GHG) emissions has risen as a global issue. This paper is about the energy intensity and the GHG intensity in a university campus using the weighting factor of total occupied time to the members of the university. Through this analysis, we could separately estimate GHG intensity per full-time and part-time members under the situation that the measuring data is not perfect. This analyzing procedure could be applied to other non-manufacturing institutions such as school, hospital, governmental institute, office building etc.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
• /
• v.32 no.4
• /
• pp.17-23
• /
• 2012

The installed capacity of wind turbines in Korea are growing and enlarging by the central government's supporting program. But the majority area having the abundant wind energy resources is composed of mountainous and complex district, thus the turbulence intensity of there is so high and belongs to the turbulence characteristic A category of IEC design requirement. This paper presents the effect of the turbulence intensity on the power performance of a wind turbine system. Particularly, the effect of the power curve of the wind turbine system due to the turbulence intensity has analyzed. As a result, the power curve has a high turbulence characteristic shows the lower value than normal one in high wind speed regime and the AEP will be reduced at the relatively high turbulence area.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.20 no.5
• /
• pp.585-600
• /
• 2011

South Korean central government has launched the first comprehensive climate change policies in 1999, and they have been renewed every three year. The third policies ended in 2007. However, it is quite rare to analyze whether the climate change policies are effective against climate change. In this context, this paper aims at analyzing the effectiveness of climate change policy which was launched for seven years from 1999 to 2007 in South Korea. The effectiveness analysis of policy can be done in terms of the individual policy and/or all policies being synthesized as a comprehensive unit. Employing the latter methodology, this paper analyzed the effectiveness on the basis of economic growth as independent variable, greenhouse gas emission as dependent variable, and energy use and its process as intervening variable. Seven analytic indicators covering the three variables were selected on the basis of two points in time before and after climate change policy having been launched. The seven indicators were analyzed in terms of three aspects. They were the change in the state of each indicator, the effectiveness of climate change policy from 1999 to 2007, and the effectiveness process from 1999 to 2007. The effectiveness process was analyzed in terms of the relational context and its flow processing path. Economic growth was advanced remarkably with increase in the total consumption of energy. As a result, greenhouse gas emission increased. However, energy efficiency increased with significant decrease in energy intensity, carbon intensity, and energy elasticity. The expansion of new and renewable energy over total energy supply was not effective significantly on the decrease in greenhouse gas emission. The processing path of climate change policy being effective advanced toward increase in energy efficiency through energy intensity rather than toward sustainable development. Such a way of the effectiveness of climate change policy implies that most policies focused on adaptation rather than on mitigation.

• International Commerce and Information Review
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.199-218
• /
• 2014

The study was focused on the Energy Efficiency of Korea. Thus this study calculates Energy Intensity and Energy Dependence, Energy Independence rate using data Korea Energy Statistics. This study calculate 'Energy Intensity', 'Energy Dependence', 'Energy Independence rate', which is making use of the Gross Domestic product, Energy Consumption, Energy Export and Import, Energy Gross Input. The analysis of the pater suggests that this goal can be achieved throuth improved efficiency of Energy consumption and Energy Independence.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.485-510
• /
• 2007

The purpose of this paper is to empirically analyze the economic effect of energy saving investment on the improvement of energy intensity. The data used in this paper are panel data, both time-series and cross-section data. In addition, eight manufacturing sectors has been divided into two groups: massive energy consuming (four industries) and non-massive energy consuming (four industries) ones and the time period of analysis is from 1982 to 2004. According to the empirical results, firstly, energy saving investment has a negative relationship with energy intensity, however, its effect is not high in terms of absolute volume of energy consuming. Secondly, in improving energy intensity of energy saving investment, its elasticity IS higher in non-massive energy consuming sector compared it with massive energy consuming sector. Thirdly, automation investment is also playing an important role in energy conservation. The elasticities of automation investment to energy intensity are larger than those of energy saving investment. In terms of the reduction of greenhouse gas per investment unit cost, however, energy saving investment has larger effect than automation investment.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.183-219
• /
• 1997

In this research, the intensity of solar energy, which was injected to the different angle plane every hour day by day, was technically documented and quantitatively analyzed through actual observations. In order to group every days into days with similar intensity, graph was drawn with respect to time for every dary and each area value under the curve was calculated. Then, the search for grouped days having similar intensity curve patterns was carried out. In order to maximize the efficiency of solar energy systems, the optimum incident angle of absorber plate was derived.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
• /
• v.5 no.3
• /
• pp.171-171
• /
• 1997

Sound intensity distributions and energy flow in the near field of dipole source system and flat plate were investigated. First, the effectiveness of complex acoustic intensity was proved by using mathmatical and experimental methods in order to indentify noise sources and transmission paths of dipole field which is effected by the presence of neighbouring coherent sources. Next, analytical complex acoustic intensity method was discussed and the characteristics and energy flow of sound induced from the plate are clarified. The velocity of plate obtained from Finite Element Method was used for calculation of complex acoustic intensity in the near field. Finally experimental complex acoustic intensity method was applied to a passenger car. It can be seen that complex acoustic intensity method using both of active and reactive intensity is vital in devising a strategy for the identification and the reduction of vibration and noise.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
• /
• v.2 no.2
• /
• pp.87-95
• /
• 2010

The structural intensity analysis, which calculates the magnitude and direction of vibrational energy flow from vibratory velocity and internal force at any point of a structure, can give information on dominant transmission paths, positions of sources and sinks of vibration energy. This paper presents a numerical simulation system for structural intensity analysis and visualization to apply for ship structures based on the finite element method. The system consists of a general purpose finite element analysis program MSC/Nastran, its pre- and post-processors and an in-house program module to calculate structural intensity using the model data and its forced vibration analysis results. Using the system, the structural intensity analysis for a 4,100 TEU container carrier is carried out to visualize structural intensity fields on the global ship structure and to investigate dominant energy flow paths from harmonic excitation sources to superstructure at resonant hull girder and superstructure modes.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.51 no.4
• /
• pp.1154-1162
• /
• 2019

China is undertaking an energy reform from fossil fuels to clean energy to accomplish $CO_2$ intensity (CI) reduction commitments. After hydropower, nuclear energy is potential based on breadthwise comparison with the world and analysis of government energy consumption (EC) plan. This paper establishes a CI energy policy response forecasting model based on national and provincial EC plans. This model is then applied in Fujian Province to predict its CI from 2016 to 2020. The result shows that CI declines at a range of 43%-53% compared to that in 2005 considering five conditions of economic growth in 2020. Furthermore, Fujian will achieve the national goals in advance because EC is controlled and nuclear energy ratio increased to 16.4% (the proportion of non-fossil in primary energy is 26.7%). Finally, the development of nuclear energy in China and the world are analyzed, and several policies for energy optimization and CI reduction are proposed.