• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.2536-2543
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• 2013

본 논문에서는 단일존 빌딩의 모델링과 PSO 알고리즘을 이용한 냉방시스템 제어구간 건물 실내온도 제어 알고리즘을 제안한다. 최적제어를 하기 위한 제어구간 설정은 스위칭방법과 PSO 알고리즘을 사용하고 냉방시스템 사용요금은 TOU와 피크요금을 포함 하여 산정한다. 시뮬레이션을 통해 제안한 제어구간 설정방법을 적용하면 전력 사용에 따른 비용의 절감과 피크전력 절감을 확인할 수 있다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1999년도 하계학술대회 논문집 C
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• pp.1487-1489
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• 1999

The power demand has increased the groth of industry and improvement of life. In the past, the focus of an electric power company has been on the supply aspect of a management strategy, such as the stable provision of electric power through the construction of power equipment and least Cost planning. There has been a change of method in energy management. The balance of it seems to put forward to Demand Side Management(DSM) from Supply Side Management(SSM). Therefore, this paper is made a study for the method of energy grade of building.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.73-80
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• 1994

The water ejector is a low pressure high flow rate volumetric pump. It utilize the energy of a low mass flow, high velocity stream to induce a large mass flow, low velocity stream. In addition, it has a very good resistances to cavitation compared to the other type of pumps, and the maintenance cost is practically nil. There has been enormous energy loss to supply the upper part water of dam which has large potential energy as mere irrigation water in domestic multipurpose dam. The new type of energy saving system which developed through the present study can economizes over 950,000 kWh per year by mixing the upper part water of dam with the waste water by the large water ejector. This paper estimates the economical efficiency of the new type of irrigation water pumping system, and further more, represents the change of performance characteristics of large water ejector, which was adapted to this system, according to the fluctuation of upper water level that seasonally changes.

• 한국주조공학회지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.477-482
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• 1995

A computer simulation model of various smelting process for melting waste sand was developed by using energy and material balance concept. This model can predict the coal, flux and oxygen consumption and the volume and temperature of off-gas. The major critical variables for smelting process can be explained by using the analysis of energy and material balance. The major conclusions were as follows; 1. The most important variables for smelting process were high post-combustion ratio, high heat transfer efficiency and refractory protection technology. 2. For saving energy in this smelting process, selection of raw materials i.e coal, flux are very important, espacially using of low volatile coal is very profitable. 3. The treatment cost of waste sand is high and environmental restriction is severe, in this reason we must be concerned in the treatment of waste sand by smelting process.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.62-97
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• 2000

Recently the research for utilization of waste heat produced from electric power plants, casting factories, heat treating factories or commercial are being afforded by the need for energy saving. The objective of this study is to develop a thermoelectric generation system which unused energy from close-at-hand sources such as garbage incineration heat and industrial exhaust etc. into electricity. This paper a thermoelectric technology on a optimum system design method and efficiency and cost effective thermoelectric element on order to extract the maximum power output from energy conversion of waste energy. It is shown that the longitudinal stresses of module contacted with two point constrained Al tubes could be released more than those with a one-point constrained.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전기물성ㆍ응용부문C
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.12-18
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• 2003

Recently the research for utilization of waste heat produced from electric power plants, casting factories, heat treating factories or commercial building are being afforded by the need for energy saving. The objective of this study is to develop a thermoelectric generation system which converts unused energy from close-at-hand sources such as garbage incineration heat and industrial exhaust etc. into electricity. This paper presents a thermoelectric technology on a optimum system design method and efficiency and cost effective thermoelectric element on order to extract the maximum power output from energy conversion of waste energy. It is shown that the longitudinal stresses of module contacted with two point constrained AI tubes could be released more than those with a one-point constrained.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2007년도 동계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.459-465
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• 2007

This study was conducted to calculate the LCC of a apartment complex with a type of heating system, district heating and cogeneration system. For the purpose of analyzing LCC according to size of apartment complex, 500, 1,500 and 4,000 houses of model apartment selected. This research performs design of heating system and the life cycle cost analysis including an initial cost, energy cost, maintenance and operation cost, replacement cost and renovation cost during the project period(15years). According to the calculated results, 1) Initial cost of cogeneration system with 500, 1500 and 4000 houses is higher than district heating system each of 20%, 13%, 12%. 2) In case of cogeneration system, the payback period by electric generation is 5.21, 4.92 and 4.47 years and saving cost was calculated 29 billion won, 94 billion won and 262 billion won after payback period. 3) Cogeneration system LCC was 1.12, 1.07 and 1.06 times larger than district system with the size of apartment complex. According to the case of this study district heating system is more efficient than cogeneration system in terms of the reduction of LCC. 4) Gas Engine Co-generation System is more efficient than other systems because it can collect progressive part from electric charge progressive stage system. However, the efficiency is decreasing because of raising of fuel bills(LNG) and lowering of power rate for house use. Especially the engine is foreign-made so the cost of maintenance and repair is high and the technical expert is short. 5) District heating is also affected by fuel bills so we should improve energy efficiency through recovering of waste heat(incineration heat, etc.). Also, we should supply district cooling on the pattern of heat using of let the temperature high in winter and low in summer.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.34-40
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• 2006

본 논문은 지역집단 냉방에너지 공급시스템과 환경보호정책에 관한 융합기술을 에너지절약과 미이용 에너지인 냉열자원의 활용성을 함께 다루고 있다. 지역집단 냉 난방 시스템은 에너지를 절약하고, 비용을 절감하며, 안전성을 확보할 수 있는 효과적인 기술이다. 에너지가 생활수준의 향상에 긍정적인 영향을 주기 위해서는 에너지 절약과 환경보호정책을 균형감 있게 고려해야 한다. 냉열에너지는 LNG를 기화하는 과정에서 생산할 수 있지만, 바다의 심층수와 빙축열에서도 얻을 수 있다. 지역집단 냉방에너지는 아파트, 사무실, 공장설비 등에 냉열공급 파이프라인을 통하여 공급하게 된다. LNG 냉열에너지는 전기에너지와 냉매를 사용하여 작동하는 기존의 에어컨 시스템을 대체할 수 있는 경쟁력 높은 에너지이다. 청정에너지이고 운전비용을 줄이는 것으로 알려진 LNG 냉열은 $CO_2$와 같은 대기오염원과 자연환경에 유해한 냉매방출을 방지할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 LNG 냉열에너지의 사용과 에너지 절약, 그리고 환경보존에 중요한 영향을 미치는 융합기술에 대한 유익한 정보를 제공한다.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.45-55
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• 2019

More than 76% of the detached houses in Korea are over 20 years old. These old detached houses have poor energy efficiency. According to the 2017 Housing Census (Statistics Korea), more than 50% of low-income families live in detached houses. Therefore, the improvement of energy efficiency in old detached houses is needed from the viewpoint of energy welfare. The general method of building energy modelling for the verification of energy efficiency is based on the construction year data of "Building Design Criteria for Energy Saving" due to the cost and time involved in collecting the thermal performance data of buildings. There is poor accuracy with the deterioration of long-term aging of building materials. Also, the selection of alternatives for energy performance improvement is based on the items to be applied, not a performance improvement goal. It is difficult to calculate energy performance that reflects variations in various parameters with dynamic energy simulations. In this study, the influence of long-term aging is used to accurately predict the energy performance of old detached houses. The building energy modelling method is called ENERGY#, which is a static analysis method based on ISO13790. Energy performance is evaluated by a combination of input variables including building orientation, insulation of walls and roof, thermal performance of windows and window/wall ratio, and infiltration rate. Finally, this study provides a way to determine alternatives that meet energy performance improvement goals.

• Asia Pacific Journal of Business Review
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.19-38
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• 2018

The energy intensity of Nepal is economically not worthy, lacks eco-friendly and importantly not sustainable, and almost four times the average global energy intensity. Considerable efforts have been exercised to reduce the energy gap yet, it is still much to achieve. Nation priority on energy sector was envisaged with promulgation of investment friendly rules and law in hydropower and renewable technology even though, could not harness the sufficient energy. In amid of this acute energy crisis, the government launched the Nepal Energy Efficiency Programme (NEEP) with technical assistance from German International Cooperation (GIZ). Energy Efficiency (EE) practice is the most cost-effective method to reduce the supply and demand gap, reduce on greenhouse gases and pollution, and deter on import of petroleum products which finally improves on trade imbalance. This paper had proposed a framework of energy management team to promote energy efficient technologies in residential consumer. The energy management teams study the past records of energy use pattern of consumers and suggest appropriate technology for energy saving options. The paper provides some reviews of energy efficiency initiatives undertaken by the concern regulatory body which highlights the current status. The comprehensive knowledge acquired through exploratory research is implemented in this paper to identify the various barriers that domestic consumer is experiencing towards the active participation in energy efficiency program launched by the Government of Nepal.