• Smart Structures and Systems
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.115-126
• /
• 2017

In this paper, size dependent bending and free flexural vibration behaviors of functionally graded (FG) nanobeams are investigated using a nonlocal quasi-3D theory in which both shear deformation and thickness stretching effects are introduced. The nonlocal elastic behavior is described by the differential constitutive model of Eringen, which enables the present model to become effective in the analysis and design of nanostructures. The present theory incorporates the length scale parameter (nonlocal parameter) which can capture the small scale effect, and furthermore accounts for both shear deformation and thickness stretching effects by virtue of a hyperbolic variation of all displacements through the thickness without using shear correction factor. The material properties of FG nanobeams are assumed to vary through the thickness according to a power law. The neutral surface position for such FG nanobeams is determined and the present theory based on exact neutral surface position is employed here. The governing equations are derived using the principal of minimum total potential energy. The effects of nonlocal parameter, aspect ratio and various material compositions on the static and dynamic responses of the FG nanobeam are discussed in detail. A detailed numerical study is carried out to examine the effect of material gradient index, the nonlocal parameter, the beam aspect ratio on the global response of the FG nanobeam. These findings are important in mechanical design considerations of devices that use carbon nanotubes.

• 전자공학회논문지CI
• /
• 제43권6호
• /
• pp.110-116
• /
• 2006

본 논문에서는 무선 음성 센서를 사용하여 스위치 제어나 생체신호 인증과 같은 유비쿼터스 센서 네트워크 응용 서비스를 지원하기 위한 음성인식 시스템을 구현하였다. 제안된 시스템은 무선 음성센서와 심리음향 모델을 이용한 음성인식 알고리즘과 에러정정을 위한 LDPC(Low Density Parity Check) 모듈로 구성된다. 제안된 음성인식 알고리즘은 센서의 소비 에너지를 효율적으로 사용하기 위하여 호스트 컴퓨터에 삽입되며, 음성인식의 정확도를 향상시키기 위하여 전방향 에러정정 알고리즘을 사용하였다. 또한, 효율적으로 무선채널의 잡음을 제거하고 무선채널 에러를 정정하기 위하여 실험 환경과 실험 계수를 최적화하였다. 결과적으로, 센서와 음원 사이의 거리가 1.0m 이하 일 때 FAR 0.126%와 FRR 7.5%를 얻었다.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
• /
• 제24권12호
• /
• pp.1158-1166
• /
• 2013

본 논문은 Mobi-Kids 연구의 노출량 평가를 위해 휴대전화 대표 모델에 대해 연구 프로토콜에 따른 SAR 계산방법을 분석하고, 역학조사 대상자가 사용한 휴대전화의 무선주파수 누적 노출량을 평가하는 방법을 제안한다. 휴대전화 대표 모델의 출력을 동일하게 가정하고, 서로 다른 연령의 4개 머리 모델에서의 SAR 분포를 계산하여 데이터베이스를 구축한다. 역학조사 대상자가 사용한 특정 휴대전화 모델의 머리 SAR은 SAR 적합성 시험결과를 활용하여 보정 인자를 적용함으로써 구한다. 그리고 휴대전화 특성과 함께 사용 시간, 좌 우측 비율 같은 대상자의 휴대전화 사용 패턴에 대한 인자를 고려하여 누적 에너지를 산출하게 된다.

• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.131-139
• /
• 2000

국내도입 원격제어 근접조사장치인 Ralstron(Shimatsu, Japan) 의 코발트-60선원을 이리디움 192 선원으로 대체하고자 선원을 설계하고, 선원주위의 선량분포를 유도하였다. 이리디움 선원의 물리적크기는 직경1.5mm, 높이 1.5mm 로 370MBq(loci)를 목표로 설계하였으며, 외경은 3mm 이고, 크기는 13m이며, 캡슐의 재질은 SUS316L 이다. 선원 선원자체흡수와 스테인리스 스틸 캡슐에 의한 선량감쇠는 61.2%로 나타났으며, 단위방사능당 감마상수는 4.69R$cm^2$/mCi-hr였다. 조직선량은 공기중흡수선량 변환과 조직산란보정을 통해 구하였으며, 조직흡수선량변환계수는 이리디움의 에너지스펙트럼을 이용하여 공기에 대한 조직의 질량에너지흡수계수비 ($\mu$$_{en}$ )$^{tissue}$ air= 1.112 를 얻었다. 고안 선원에 대한 선량분포는 선원을 2,338개의 선원으로 분할하고, 각 분할선원에서 주위에 도달되는 선량을 이산적으로 누적 평가하여 임상에서 사용할 수 있도록 선량도표를 제공하였다.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국신재생에너지학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회
• /
• pp.634-637
• /
• 2005

Multichannel seismic data acquired in Ulleung Basin of East Sea for gas hydrate exploration. The seismic sections of this area show strong BSR(bottom simulating reflections) associated with methane hydrate occurrence in deep marine sediments. Very limited information is available from deep sea drilling as the risk of heating and destabilizing the initial hydrate conditions during the processing of drilling is considerably high. Not so many advanced status of gas hydrate exploration in Korea, the most of information of gas hydrate characteristics and properties are inferred from seismic reflection data. In this study, The AVO analysis using the long offset seismic data acquired in Ulleung Basin used to explain the characteristics and structure of gas hydrate. It is used primarily P-wave velocity accessible from seismic data. To make a good quality of AVO analysis input data, seismic preprocessing including 'true gain correction', 'source signature deconvolution', twice velocity analysis and some kinds of multiple rejection and enhancing the signal to noise ratio processes is carried out very carefully. The results of AVO analysis, the eight kinds of AVO attributes are estimated basically and some others of AVO attributes are evaluated for interpretation of AVO analysis additionally. The impedance variation at the boundary of gas hydrate and free gas is estimated for investing the BSR characteristics and properties. The complex analysis is performed also to verifying the amplitude variation and phase shift occurrence at BSR. Type III AVO anomaly appearance at saturated free gas area is detected on BSR. It can be an important evidence of gas hydrate deposition upper the BSR.

• 대한방사선치료학회지
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.29-35
• /
• 1996

We are often faced with the clinical situations that is inevitably extended SSD for electron beam therapy due to anatomical restriction or applicator structure. But there are some difficulties in accurately predicting output and properties. In electron beam treatment , unlike photon beam the decrease in output for extended SSD does not follow inverse-square law accurately because of a loss of side scatter equilibrium, which is particularly significant for small cone size and low energies. The purpose of our study is to analyze the output in changing with the energy, cone size, air gap beyond the standard SSD and to compare inverse-square law factor derived from calculated effective SSD, mominal SSD with measured output factor. In addition, we have analyzed the change of PDD for several cones with different SSDs which range from 100cm to 120cm with 5cm step and with different energies(6MeV, 9MeV, 12MeV, 16MeV, 20MeV). In accordance with our study, an extended SSD produces a significant change in beam output, negligible change in depth dose which range from 100cm to 120cm SSDs. In order to deliver the more accurate dose to the neoplastic tissue, first of all we recommend inverse-square law using the table of effective SSDs with cone sizes and energies respectively or simply to create a table of extended SSD air gap correction factor. The second we need to have an insight into some change of dose distribution including PPD, penumbra caused by extended SSD for electron beam therapy.

• 분석과학
• /
• 제26권1호
• /
• pp.51-60
• /
• 2013

본 연구는 c-$C_nF_{2n}$ (n=8, 9)과 $C_{10}F_{18}$ (perfluorodecalin)의 가능한 분자구조를 여러 이론 수준에서 최적화 하였으며, 각 화합물의 가장 안정한 분자구조 (global minimum)를 확인하고 전자 친화도를 계산하여 구조적 특성에 따른 전자 친화도와의 상호 연관성을 고찰하였다. 보다 정확한 전자 친화도를 계산하기 위하여 진동주파수를 계산하여 영점 진동 에너지를 보정하였으며, IR 스펙트럼을 예측하였다. 전자 친화도는 c-$C_8F_{16}$의 경우 ortho 위치에 두 개의 $-CF_3$ 치환기가 붙어있는 구조에 대하여 영점 진동 에너지를 보정한 MP2 이론 수준에서 1.18 eV로 계산되었으며, c-$C_9F_{18}$의 경우 하나의 $-CF_3$와 하나의 $-C_2F_5$ 치환기가 인접하여 붙어있는 구조에 대하여 1.37 eV로, 그리고 $C_{10}F_{18}$인 perfluorodecalin의 경우 1.38 eV로 예측되었다.

• KIEAE Journal
• /
• 제13권6호
• /
• pp.121-128
• /
• 2013

This study attempted to explore the MC design methods of modular construction using discontinuous double module grids and further, the design methods of walls. Modular construction is generally characterized with multiple units called modules with a module dimension of 3M(300mm) appearing in the form of double grids. The discontinuous double grids including correction values and gap values occurs inevitably in the modular construction where units are joined horizontally. Therefore, it is desirable to carry out the MC design taking into account these discontinuous double grids. In this study, the MC design was applied to the plane of wooden houses in modular construction, going through a process of setting the size of pillars and inside dimensions, of determining the dimension of discontinuous double grids that occur during the assembly of units, and of setting the dimension of outer walls in conjunction with the derived dimensions. The dimension of outer walls was applied differently depending on the range of regional use by analyzing the energy performance with the materials used. Consequently, the materials and components of factory-produced buildings can be used directly without processing, and the suitability of the outer wall design can be pre-determined by previewing the calculation of the cross-sectional configuration and heat transmission coefficients of outer walls in modular construction, allowing to be used as a decision-making tool of design.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제6권4호
• /
• pp.219-230
• /
• 1974

강한 방향성이 있는 다결정에 의한 중성자회절강도에 대한 재래의 공식을 결정의 반사율에 관한 Kunitomi 의식을 사용하여 수정하였다. 시료내의 grain 에서 회절이 일어나는 정화한 위치가 회절강도의 Maxwell곡선의 소각부분에 관한 이론치와 계산치를 비교함으로써 발견된다는 사실과 위의 회절강도 공식을 사용하여 금속내의 Preferred orientation을 백색중성자를 가지고 조사한 수 있는 방법을 고안하였다. 결정 내에서 일어나는 중성자비 다중반사와 흡수에 대해서 교정하여 원자로의 중성자 스펙트럼을 측정함으로써 열중성자의 확실성있는 파장이 1.025$\pm$0.001$\AA$임을 알았다. 대부분 cube-on-face 방향을 갖인 씰리콘 강철을 본 연구방법으로 조사차였는바 grain들이 압연방향에서 5도 이내에 배열되어 있다는 사실을 발견하였다. 커다란 결정에 적합한 이론들이 강한 방향성이 있는 다결정 물체에도 적응될 수 있음을 알게 되었다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제28권5호
• /
• pp.1172-1179
• /
• 1999

The purpose of this study was to determine eating behaviors and nutrient intakes of 256 third grade primary school children(134:boys, 122:girls) in Kwangju. There were no significant differences in the heights, weights, physical circumferences measurements between the boys and girls, but the skinfold thickness measurements were significantly different. Most nutrient intakes were higher than the Rec ommended Dietary Allowances but the intake of energy, calcium, and vitamin E were lower than the RDA. The intakes of calcium, niacin, and vitamin E of the girls were significantly lower than those of the boys. With regard to meal volume, 13.6% of the subjects has been 'much'. With regard to meal speed, 24.6% of the subjects has been 'fast'. The study also found that 50% of the subjects skipped breakfast, 67.6% of the subjects had irregular meal times, 64.6% of the subjects ate snacks after dinner and 85.9% of the subjects ate snacks. These results show that the nutrient intake of children was related to snack eating more than regular meals. With regard to dietary behavior and nutrient intakes, meal volume, meal speed, skipping breakfast, eating snacks and eating snacks after dinner were major influences. But regularity of meal time was not influence on nutrient intakes. These results suggest that children's eating behaviors are in needs of correction. This reasserts the importance of nutrition education to children through teachers, parents and dietitians. The findings of this study should be applied to nutrition education to ensure better physical fitness of children.