• Bulletin of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.47-58
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• 1983

A study is made, in the framework of linear potential theory, to investigate the hydrodynamic characteristics of two-dimensional wave-energy absorbers as like the Salter's duck and an oscillating cam with Lewis-form section, which undergo uncoupled heaving and rolling motions in an incident linear gravity wave in deep water. Wave energy is supposed to be extracted by a linearly damped generator with an spring. Some well-known formulae in ship hydrodynamics such as Haskind-Newman relation and Bessho-Newman relation are utilized in forms of Kochin functions to derived expressions for efficiency, breaking effect and drift force of the absorber. Maximum ideal efficiency of 100% can be arrived at an prescribed tuning frequency. Coupling effect is also examined to assess the detrimental effect of sway on efficiency. From numerical calculations for both types of two-dimensional devices it may be concluded that a wave-energy absorber functions at the same time as a wave breaker and that the drift force acting on the device becomes smaller when it absorbs wave energy than as it oscillates freely. Finally the study is extended to an infinite array system, equivalent to a body in a canal, to show that all incident wave energy can be absorbed regardless of the absorber's size, only if the optimum space and the optimum condition of control are realized.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.54 no.6
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• pp.1245-1266
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• 2015

In this research, the cylindrical absorber made of expanded metal sheets under impact loading has been examined. Expanded metal sheets due to their low weight, effective collapse mechanism has a high energy absorption capacity. Two types of absorbers with different cells angle were examined. First, the absorber with cell angle ${\alpha}=0$ and then the absorber with angle cell ${\alpha}=90$. Experimental Study is done by drop Hammer device and numerical investigation is done by finite element of ABAQUS software. The output of device is acceleration-time Diagram which is shown by Accelerometer that is located on the picky mass. Also the output of ABAQUS software is shown by force-displacement diagram. In this research, the numerical and experimental study of the collapse type, force-displacement diagrams and effective parameters has been investigated. Similarly, the comparison between numerical and experimental results has been observed that these results are matched well with each other. From the obtained results it was observed that the absorber with cell angle ${\alpha}=0$, have symmetric collapse and had high energy absorption capacity but the absorber with cell angle ${\alpha}=90$, had global buckling and the energy absorption value was not suitable.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.393-396
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• 2003

Conventional method for designing and installing anechoic chambers is to utilize porous wedges for the sound absorbers. As cutoff frequency lowers down such as 63Hz or 50Hz, the corresponding long wedges diminish the free field area of the chamber. In this study, a new broadband compact absorber(BCA) is introduced which absorbs acoustic energy down to 50Hz. Most prominent is that it measures only 250mm thick. A freely vibrating panel between the non-fibrous absorbers allows tuned absorption at the low frequency region in addition to the high frequency absorption resulted from the conventional absorber installed at the front. Standing waves at low frequency range are suppressed as the BCA modules which are tuned to the corresponding modes absorb sound energy effectively, resulting in anechoic condition. Not only the low frequency performances, but the high frequency absorption is measured to meet adequate conditions for the anechoic chamber. Realized BCA chambers are presented.

• Solar Energy
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 1981

The electric generation system by solar energy was built which is composed of $10m^2$ reflector, parabolic mirror and the absorbers. The absorber(I) is a single iron pipe and the absorber (II) contains seven small iron pipes. The ratio of the area of the reflectors to that of the absorber is around 99.4-440. The absorber(II) is more efficient in power than (II) by 5.6 percent. The steam power efficiency of the absorber (II) is 25 percent in this experiments and 20 percent efficiency would be expected for 80.000 Kilowatts.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.39 no.8
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• pp.843-848
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• 2015

The objective of this study is to observe and optimize a typical ocean environment and reduce wave reflections in the wave flume. In order to generate ocean waves in the wave flume, a combination of a horizontal piston type wave generator and wave absorbers was installed in the channel. Two probes for measuring the wave heights, i.e., wave level gauges, were used to record the continuous variation of the wave surface, the phase difference, and the maximum (crest) and minimum (trough) points of the propagating waves. In order to optimize the shape and size of the propagating waves, several absorption methods were proposed. Apart from an active wave absorption method, we used methods that involved vertical porous plates, horizontal punching plates, and sloping-wall-type wave absorbers. To obtain the best propagating waves, a sloping-wall-type wave absorber was chosen and tested in terms of the constitutive filling materials and the location and shape of the plate. This study also focused on the theoretical prediction of the wave surface, separating them into the incident and reflective components. From the results, it is evident that the wave absorber comprising a hard filling material exhibits a better performance than the absorber comprising a soft material, i.e., the wave absorber can be a strong sink to control the energy of the incoming wave. In addition, larger wave absorbers correspond to lower reflectance because a larger volume can reduce the incoming wave energy. Therefore, at constant absorber conditions, the reflectance of the wave increases as the wave period increases. Finally, the reflectance of the wave was controlled to be less than 0.1 in this study so that the wave flume can be used to simulate an offshore environment.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.125-129
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• 1986

We quantified the relationship of fluorescence depends upon the thickness of each absorber by the result of experiment which was practiced to know the relationship of x-ray absorption and photographic effect in the range of diganostic energy about water, acrylic resin, aluminium and copper. There was no great difference in the photographic effect between water and acryl because the absorption degree of the two was mostly equal. But in case of aluminium and copper, it was opposite from the prior. Therefore when we considered the photographic effect in the range of diagnostic energy, it was thought that water and acryl were proper as a absorbers, but not only copper but also aluminium was improper as a absorber.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Energy Engineering kosee Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.201-212
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• 2004

An experimental study of the absorption process of water vapor into a lithium bromide solution was performed. For the purpose of developing high performance absorption chiller/hater utilizing lithium bromide solution as working fluid, it is important to improve the performance of absorber with the larger heat transfer area of the four heat exchangers. The experimental apparatus was composed of a plate type absorber which could increase the heat exchange area per unit volume to investigate more detail characteristics instead of the conventional type, that is, horizontal tube bundle type. The size of plate absorbers were made for 0.4m$\times$0.6m and the design objective of a refrigeration capacity was 1RT. In this experiment, three kinds of plate absorbers namely flat plate, dimple plate and groove plate were used. The obtained results were less than the design objective values, that is, the refrigeration capacity was about 0.3 ～0.4RT and the overall heat transfer coefficient was 500～600 kcal/$m^2$h$^{\circ}C$ at the standard conditions.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2011.11a
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• pp.87-92
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• 2011

The heat from PV modules should be removed for better electrical performance, and can be converted into useful thermal energy. A photovoltaic-thermal(PVT)module is a combination of PV module with a solar thermal collector which forms one device that converts solar radiation into electricity and heat simultaneously. The performance of the PV/Thermal combined collector module is directly influenced by solar radiation that also has an effect on PV module temperature. It is also has believe that the energy performance of PV/T collector is related to absorber design as well as PV module temperature. The existing study has been paid to the PV/Thermal combined collector module with circle tube absorbers. The aim of this study is to analyze the experimental performance of the PV/Thermal combined collector rectangular tube absorbers according to solar radiation. The experimental result show that the average thermal and electrical efficiencies of the PVT collector were 43% and14.81% respectively. Solar radiation is one of the most influential factors to determine the energy performance of PVT collector, but from a certain level of solar radiation the PVT collector receives on, its efficiencies began to decrease.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.119-141
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• 2020

In this paper, wavy square absorbers were experimentally and numerically investigated. Numerical simulations were performed with LS-Dyna software on 36 wavy absorbers and their crushing properties were extracted and compared with the simple one. The effect of different parameters, including wave height, wave depth, and wave type; either internal or external on the crushing characteristics were also investigated. To experimentally create corrugation to validate the numerical results, a set of steel mandrel and matrix along with press machines were used. Since the initial specimens were brittle, they were subjected to heat treatment and annealing to gain the required ductility for forming with mandrel and matrix. The annealing of aluminum shells resulted in a 76%increase in ultimate strain and a 60% and 56% decrease in yield and ultimate stresses, respectively. The results showed that with increasing half-wave height in wavy square absorbers, the maximum force was first reduced and then increased. It was also found that in the specimen with constant diameter and half-wave depth, an increment in the half-wave height led to an initial increase in efficiency, followed by a decline. According to the conducted investigations, the lowe maximum force can be observed in the specimen with zero half-wave depth as compared to those having a depth of 1 cm.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.352-362
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• 1991

Recent popular trends in pressurized water reactor(PWR) fuel management are to extend the cycle length and to employ the low-leakage core designs for the optimal utilization of the uranium resources. In control strategy incorporated with the fuel management, turnable absorbers are required to control the power peaking and to ensure a negative moderator temperature coefficient during reactor operation. In this study, the nuclear characteristics and the optimal allocation of gadolinium-poisoned rods within the fuel assembly are considered using KWU SAV 79 A Code Package. First, analyses are carried out to compare the nuclear characteristics of the fuel assemblies contain-ing WABA(Wet Annular Burnable Absorber) and Gadolinium burnable absorbers respectively. The analyses show that the gadolinium-bearing fuel assembly has peculiar depletion characteristics ensuing from the very large thermal neutron absorption cross section. Peculiar characteristics of gadolinium provide basis for the optimal allocation of Gd rods in fuel assembly. Second, the methodology of an optimal allocation of gadolinium-poisoned rods within the fuel assembly is developed and applied to some nuclear designs.