• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.806-822
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• 2023

In the current study we assessed a new crystallized compound, 5-(1-hydroxybutyl)-4-methoxy-3-methyl-2H-pyran-2-one (C-HMMP), from the endophytic fungus Colletotrichum acutatum residing in the medicinal plant Angelica sinensis for its in vitro antimicrobial, antibiofilm, antioxidant, antimalarial, and anti-proliferative properties. The promising compound was identified as C-HMMP through antimicrobial-guided fraction. The structure of C-HMMP was unambiguously confirmed by 2D NMR and HIRS spectroscopic analysis. Antimicrobial property testing of C-HMMP showed it to be effective against a variety of pathogenic bacteria and fungi with MICs ranging from 3.9 to 31.25 ㎍/ml. The compound displayed excellent antibiofilm activity against C. albicans, S. aureus, and K. pneumonia. Furthermore, the antimalarial and radical scavenging activities of C-HMMP were clearly dosedependent, with IC50 values of 0.15 and 131.2 ㎍/ml. The anti-proliferative activity of C-HMMP against the HepG-2, HeLa, and MCF-7 cell lines in vitro was investigated by MTT assay, revealing notable anti-proliferative activity with IC50 values of 114.1, 90, and 133.6 ㎍/ml, respectively. Moreover, CHMMP successfully targets topoisomerase I and demonstrated beneficial anti-mutagenicity in the Ames test against the reactive carcinogenic mutagen, 2-aminofluorene (2-AF). Finally, the compound inhibited the activity of α-glucosidase and α-amylase with IC50 values of 144.7 and 118.6 ㎍/ml, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, the identified compound C-HMMP was obtained for the first time from C. acutatum of A. sinensis, and this study demonstrated that C-HMMP has relevant biological significance and could provide better therapeutic targets against disease.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.1355-1359
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• 2008

Endophytic fungi predominantly inhabit grasses, and produce a variety of beneficial metabolites for plant growth, as well as help their hosts against pathogens and herbivores. Current study was focused on plant growth promoting activity of endophytic fungi inhabited in the roots of sand dune grasses. We collected 49 fungal isolates from the roots of four most common sand dune grasses and screened them for their growth promoting capacity. Results showed that 37 fungal isolates (75.5%) promoted plant height and shoot length of waito-c rice, 11 fungal isolates (22.5%) suppressed it, while 1 fungus (2%) showed no effect on the growth attributes. The fungal strain Gibberella fujikuroi, along with distilled water and Czapek broth medium, were taken as control for this experiment. It was concluded that a major proportion of endophytic fungi inhabited in the sand dune plants produce metabolites, and thus help in growth and development of the host plant.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.511-519
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• 2023

Red pine (Pinus densiflora) is a dominant tree species in Korean forests. The diversity of endophytic fungi was investigated by isolating fungi from different parts of a red pine tree during the fall and spring seasons. One hundred and fifty-two strains of endophytic fungi were isolated and classified into 42 species belonging to 29 genera. Among these, 74 (49%), 47 (31%) and 31 strains (20%) were isolated from branches, leaves, and stems, respectively. The most frequently isolated species were Daldinia childiae and Biscogniauxia maritima (28.9% and 9.8%, respectively). D. childiae was the dominant endophytic fungus on branches (20 strains) and leaves (19 strains). B. maritima was most frequently isolated from branches. The isolation frequencies on stems of B. maritima (6 strains) and D. childiae (5 strains) were also high. Fifty-seven isolates belonging to 19 species and 17 genera were isolated in the spring, and 95 strains belonging to 35 species and 24 genera were isolated in the fall. D. childiae was the most frequently isolated fungus in both spring and fall (21 and 23 strains, respectively). B. maritima was also frequently isolated in both spring (7 strains) and fall (8 strains).

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.112-117
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• 2005

Abstract Griseofulvin has been used as an antifungal antibiotic for the treatment of mycotic diseases of humans and veterinary animals. The purpose of this work was to identify a griseofulvin-producing endophytic fungus from Abies holophylla and evaluate its in vivo antifungal activity against plant pathogenic fungi. Based on nuclear ribosomal ITS1-5.8SITS2 sequence analysis, the fungus was identified and labeled as Xylaria sp. F0010. Two antifungal substances were purified from liquid cultures of Xylaria sp. F0010, and their chemical identities were determined to be griseofulvin and dechlorogriseofulvin through mass and NMR spectral analyses. Compared to dechlorogriseofulvin, griseofulvin showed high in vivo and in vitro antifungal activity, and effectively controlled the development of rice blast (Magnaporthe grisea), rice sheath blight (Corticium sasaki), wheat leaf rust (Puccinia recondita), and barley powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei), at doses of 50 to 150 ${\mu}$g/ml, depending on the disease. This is the first report on the production of griseofulvin and dechlorogriseofulvin by Xylaria species.

• Mycobiology
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.151-157
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• 2011

The endophytic fungal populations of different tissues of Taxus baccata grown at high altitudes in West Bengal, India were explored. These isolated fungal populations represented different genera, which were screened for taxol production using immunoassay technique. The culture AAT-TS-$4_1$ that produced taxol was identified as Gliocladium sp. based on its cultural, morphological characteristics, internal transcribed spacer, and 18S rRNA sequence analysis. Kinetics of taxol production as a function of culture growth were investigated.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.349-352
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• 2014

The fungal endophyte EML-CM25 was isolated in Korea from surface sterilized Chinese maple leaf tissues. Internal transcribed spacer sequence analysis indicated that the isolate showed 99% sequence similarity with Paraconiothyrium brasiliense, a finding that was confirmed by morphological analyses. The fungal colonies did not express aerial hyphae. Conidiomata formation was observed in the fungus cultured on potato dextrose agar at $25^{\circ}C$ for 7 days. Visible scattered black dots consisting of pycnidia were present throughout the colony. This is the first record of P. brasiliense in Korea.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.63-67
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• 2017

Through a survey of symbiotic endophytic fungi, we isolated an endophyte fungal strain from the roots of Glycyrrhiza uralensis in Korea. The isolated fungal strain was identified using its morphological characteristics and through phylogenetic analysis of the internal transcribed spacer, the large subunit rDNA region, and the translation elongation factor region. The strain was identified as Neocosmospora rubicola. This species has not been previously reported in Korea. In this study, we report its isolation from the roots of Glycyrrhiza uralensis in Korea, followed by the characterization and identification of the strain.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.127-131
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• 2021

Lambertella corni-maris Höhn., an endophytic fungus that is an unrecorded species in Korea, was isolated and cultured from alpine coniferous Korean fir. The Lambertella sp. was found in Korean pine in Yeongwol-gun but no Lambertella spp. were recorded elsewhere in Korea. In this study, the morphological characteristics and molecular barcode sequence of L. cornimaris were compared to its related species. We tried to explain the cultural characteristics and microstructures, such as the conidia of L. corni-maris, compared to closely related taxa and present it.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.107-114
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• 2015

Endophytes provide multifarious benefits such as promotion of plant growth and yield, suppression of phyto-pathogens, phosphate solubilising and fixation nitrogen. A study has been carried out to explore growth promotion and antifungal activities of endophytes of mulberry (Morus spp.). Endophytic bacteria were isolated from mulberry plants and studied their cultural, morphological characters, growth promotion as well as their antifungal activity against Rhizoctonia bataticola and Fusarium oxysporum , two mulberry root rot associated pathogens. Except two isolates, all bacteria were colourless and the colony size of eight isolates was small. The margin of five isolates was irregular and the consistency of three isolates was creamy, six isolates was slimy and one was mucoid. Texture of seven isolates was convex and others were flat. Eight isolates were gram positive and the rest Gram negative, five were cocci and others were bacilli (rod shaped). Four isolates were motile and all were catalase positive and only three isolates were oxidase positive. Spore staining was positive only for two isolates. The growth promotion study showed that there was significant difference in root length and seedling length. The antagonistic effect of the bacterial isolates was tested against R. bataticola showed significant (p <0.05) influence of the bacteria, days after inoculation and their interaction on the inhibition of fungal growth. The isolate En-7 completely inhibited the fungus followed by En-5 (66.67%). The bacterial isolates significantly (p <0.05) inhibited growth of F. oxysporum in PDA. The mean inhibition was higher (70.45%) in case of En-7 followed by En-8 (68.65%) and En-10 (66.44%). The study reveals that some endophytic bacteria associated with mulberry have growth promotion and antifungal activity and could be explored for promotion of mulberry growth and managing root rot disease.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.81-85
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• 2019

An endophytic fungus, Penicillium sp. JVF17, was isolated from a leaf of Vitex rotundifolia in coastal area of Jeju island. Chemical investigation of this fungal strain resulted in the isolation of four compounds, piceol (1), cyclo (${\text\tiny{L}}-Pro-{\text\tiny{L}}-Val$) (2), isochromophilone VI (3), and dicitrinin A (4). Their chemical structures were elucidated by comparison of their spectral data such as NMR and ESIMS with reported literature values.