• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.247-251
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• 2008

This study investigated freshwater fish for their current infection status with metacercariae of Clonorchis sinensis in Korea. Twenty-one species of freshwater fish (n = 677) were collected from 34 regions nationwidely from February 2007 to June 2008. They were individually examined by digestion technique. Eight species of freshwater fish from 17 different regions were recognized positive for the metacercariae of C. sinensis. The positive rates (range of metacercariae number per fish) of fish by the species were as follows: 48% (1-1,142) in Pseudorasbora parva, 60% (1-412) in Pungtungia herzi, 15.7% (1-23) in Pseudogobio esocinus, 29% (1-7) in Acheilognathus intermedia, 21% (1-4) in Odontobutis interrupta, 33% (1-6) in Zacco temmincki, 3.6% (1-4) in Zacco platypus, and 26.3% (1) in Hemibarbus labeo. The two species, P. parva and P. herzi, are able to be the index fish for estimation of C. sinensis transmission in a certain locality. Still several species of freshwater fish are briskly transmitting C. sinensis infection in many riverside areas of southern Korea.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.297-305
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• 2003

Fish fauna of mountain streams in the Jirisan National Park area of S. Korea (total area: 440.45 $\textrm{km}^2$, height: 1,915 m) was investigated at 33 sites from May 1997 to September 1999. A total of 4,670 individuals of fishes were collected and classified into 30 species and 12 families. Zacco temmincki (relative abundance (RA), 63.9%) was found to be the most abundant inhabitant. Subdominant species were Pungtungia hem (RA 6.2%), Zacco platypus (RA 6.1 %) and Coreoleusiscus splendidus (RA 4.8%). Among the total species, 13 species were identified as the Korean endemic species (7 families, 17.2% of 802 individuals). Dominant Korean endemic species was C. splendidus (relative abundance endemics (RAE), 27.8%). Superiors were Coreoperca heizi (RAE 21.8%) and Liobagrus mediadiposalis (RAE 19.8%). One exotic species (Oncorhynchus mykiss, a site and 5 ind.) and translated species (Hypmesus niponensis, two sites and 174 ind.) were collected in this survey. The proportion of Korean endemic species in the park (43.3%) was higher than the average of Korean Peninsular (25.9%). From this study, we conclude that the Jirisan National Park area in Korea would be very important for fish diversity and conservation, especially for the Korean endemic and endangered species.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.253-261
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• 2020

Carex splendentissima U. Kang & J. M. Chung, endemic to the Korean peninsula, is characterized by staminate terminal spikes and glabrous elliptic perigynia. Based on its broad leaves, androgynous spikes, and tri-stigmatic features, the species has been placed in Carex sect. Siderostictae Franch. ex Ohwi, an East Asian section and a basal group in the genus. To clarify the monophyly and phylogenetic position of the species, a molecular study using the internal transcribed spacer region of nuclear ribosomal DNA and chloroplast DNA (trnL-F) data was conducted. The DNA sequence data of ten taxa in sect. Siderostictae and closely related taxa (two taxa in sect. Surculosae) with outgroups were analyzed based on maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood (ML) criteria. In the analyses, C. splendentissima was monophyletic and placed within the Siderostictae clade (sect. Siderostictae + two species of sect. Surculosae), forming a clade with C. ciliatomarginata and C. pachygyna (endemic to Japan). The clade (C. splendentissima + C. ciliatomarginata + C. pachygyna) shows evidence of diploidy. Furthermore, C. splendentissima is a sister to C. ciliatomarginata in the ML tree, and the two taxa have staminate terminal spikes. This study also updates the distribution of C. splendentissima and provides keys to the four Korean taxa in sect. Siderostictae. To conserve the endemic species C. splendentissima, further research on its genetic and ecological features should be conducted at the population level.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.342-346
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• 2006

Anatomical characters of the Bupleurum latissimum Nakai, an endemic species of Korea, were investigated to confirm its phylogenetic relationships. Compare to other species with anatomical characters, B. latissimum is very similar with B, euphorbioides and B, longeradiatum in point of lacking of pith in the stem, shape of involucres, number of vascular bundles in radical leaf and cauline leaf, and lacking stomata in adaxial leaf surface. The other hand, protruded pollen aperture character appears in B. latissimum and B. euphorbioides. On the based of anatomical characters, therefore, B. latissimum has closest relationships with B. euphorbioides and B. longeradiatum. It also needs molecular study including Asian species in order to confirm phylogenetic position and speciation process apparently.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2020.12a
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• pp.60-60
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• 2020

To establish in vitro axillary bud culture conditions of Echinosophora koreensis Nakai, one of Korean endemic endangered species famous for beautiful flowers, we tested the influence of plant growth regulators (PGRs) in shooting and rooting stage from in vitro plants. In shoot multiplication, addition of 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) to the media induced 2.5 to 3 shoots per bud during 4 weeks of culture. And media including 0.5 mg L^-1 thidiazuron (TDZ) produced 3 to 4 shoots per bud. However, zeatin and isopentenyl adenine (2-ip) were not successful to increase shoot number, and the combination treatments of BA with other PGRs were also not effective. Shoots were smaller than 2 cm in length, in most of the treatments. In rooting, naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) treatments in the range of 0.5 to 4.0 mg L^-1 appeared to increase rooting rate by 10% to 60% approximately when compared with the control but roots developed with callus clusters. Indole butyric acid (IBA) addition had little effect on rooting (below 10%), while some roots were longer than in NAA treatments and some shoots were longer on high IBA concentrations (4.0 to 8.0 mg L^-1). It is suggested that micropropagation is a highly applicable and promising to multiplication and conservation of rare and endangered endemic species.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.27-39
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• 2019

The object of this research is to compare zoology and botany name caused by language and science differences of South and North Korea since division. Biological data are collected North Korea biological information (flora and fauna, an illustrated flora and fauna book of North Korea, Etc.) and compared both side data based on national species list of korea, National Institute of Biological Resources. We could built 3,903 species of flora and 1,487 species flora on biological database. The criteria for comparative method is 5 types (korean name difference, scientific name difference, same species, similar species, North Korea endemic species). As a results, plants were identified korean name difference (911 species), scientific name difference (614 species), same species (880 species), North Korea endemic species (1,037 species) of 3,903 species, and animals were korean name difference (685 species), scientific name difference (104 species), same species (199 species), North Korea endemic species (226 species) of the 1,492 species. This results are expected to be in application with cooperation study for recovering bioinformatics differences of South and North Korea.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.23
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• pp.19-31
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• 2005

This study was carried out in order to provide the basic information for the development of medicinal plants in Ulleung island, Korea. This area had very rich and diverse flora; 495 taxa with l05 familes, 231 genera, 418 species, 1 subspeies, 63 varieties and 13 forms. The 94 medicinal plants were distributed in Ulleung. They were composed of 10 endemic species, 22 rare species and 62 economic species respectively.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.314-325
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• 2014

We studied fish fauna at 10 study sites in Ungcheon stream for 4 times from April to October, 2011 to investigate the influence of artificial structures such as dam (with fish-way) and weir (without fish-way), and abandoned mine on fish community. A total of 12 families, 36 species of fishes were collected. Dominant species was Zacco platypus (23.4%) and subdominant species was Zacco koreanus (20.5%). Ten species (27.8%) of Korean endemic species and Micropterus salmoides, exotic species, were observed during the study period. Endangered species of Korea such as Pseudopungtungia nigra and Liobagrus obesus, and Korean endemic species, Coreoperca herzi, which are vulnurable for water quality and had been observed in previous study, were not identified in this study. According to the cluster analysis, Ungcheon stream were divided into three groups consisting upstream (St.1, St.2, St.3), midstream (St.4, St.5, St.6, St.7), downstream (St.8, St.9, St.10). Community structure similarity between upper and lower site of Boryeong dam with fish-way (St.6-St.7) was high, whereas that of weir, lack of fish-way (St.7-St.8) showed little similarity indicating that fish-way was required. According to the canonical correlation analysis, high level of conductivity and salinity at upstream was detected and Misgurnus mizolepis, and endemic species of Korea such as Silurus microdorsalis, Coreoleuciscus splendidus and Iksookimia koreensis were observed at this part of the stream. Since Korean endemic species, Squalidus gracilis majimae cohabit with exotic species, M. Salmoides at downstream whose width is wide and water velocity is low, protection was needed for these endemic species.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.166-169
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• 2023

Carex brevispicula (Cyperaceae) is endemic to Korea and is characterized by constricted achenes, short lateral spikes, and awned staminate and pistillate scales. The species classified in sect. Mitratae occurs throughout South Korea, perennating on mountains and/or rocky slopes under half shadow conditions. Meiotic chromosomes of the species were examined in this study, in which 33 meiotic cells from seven populations were found to be less than 2 ㎛ long with non-constricted chromosomes (n = 34_II). The stable chromosome number may be related to the narrow geographical distribution and/or distinct achene morphology. Further investigations of the distribution, morphological character variation, and chromosome characteristics should be conducted with closely related taxa to understand the derivation of the species and its endemism in Korea.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.25-32
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• 2021

The main purpose of the current study was to obtain nuclear DNA content data among the representatives of the families and subfamilies of 31 endemic fishes that inhabit river of Korea. DNA contents of 31 endemic species were observed to rang from 1.5 to 4.8 pg DNA/nucleus. In Cyprinidae, DNA content of Abbottina springeri (1.5±0.03 pg DNA/nucleus) was the lowest value and DNA content of Carassius cuvieri (4.5±0.32 pg DNA/nucleus) was the highest value in all experimental groups. In Cobitidae, DNA content of Iksookimia longicorpa (3.9±0.17 pg DNA/nucleus) was the highest value and DNA content of Orthrias toni (1.5±0.18 pg DNA/nucleus) was the lowest value in all experimental groups. This study provides new information for a better understanding of the process of genomic evolution in 31 endemic species in river of Korea.