• 제목/요약/키워드: end-to-end approach.

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서울시 편복도 아파트 생성문법의 위상학적 유추에 대한 연구 (Topological Investigation of the Generative Grammar for the Balcony Access Type Apartment Houses in Seoul)

  • 서경욱
    • 한국주거학회논문집
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    • 제19권1호
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    • pp.9-16
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    • 2008
  • This study aims to construct the design competence by means of a topological approach. To this end, the linguistic concept of 'competence and performance' in Chomskian sense is borrowed and applied to the study. The usability of this method is then tested against the sample apartment plans from Gangnam-gu area in Seoul, and it is found that this enabled a middle-ground approach to a more productive grammar that overcomes the limits in Glassie's and Stiny's grammar systems. Through a series of analyses on the sample plans, it could be clarified that there appear classificatory levels in the competence that controls the planning of the building, zoning of the unit, and layout of LDK combination. At the end, it is evaluated that the generative grammar, constructed in this research, is the possible world in designers' minds, and this retrospective remodelling of the architectural competence could illuminate the 'design decision flow' that generates the sample plans.

기존선 틸팅차량 Mcp Car 차체 설계초안의 충돌에너지 흡수특성 고찰 (Impact Energy Absorbtion Characteristics Review on the Initial Design of TTX Mcp Car front-end Structure)

  • 권태수;정현승;구정서;조태민
    • 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국철도학회 2004년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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    • pp.652-656
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    • 2004
  • Crashworthy design of trains is now indispensable procedure in modern railway vehicle design for ensuring the safety of Passengers and crew. It is now widely recognized that a more strategic approach is needed in order to absorb higher level energy in a controlled manner and minimize passenger injuries effectively. The first design step in this strategic approach is the design of the front end structure(so called HE extremities) to absorb a large part of total impact energy and then the structure of passengers non-accommodation zones(so called LE extremities) is designed to absorb the rest of impact energy. In this paper, the passengers entrance door area is selected as the LE(low energy) extremities and the design of the LEE was carried out. The main part of LEE design procedures is the design of energy absorbing tubes. For this purpose, the several tube candidates are introduced and compared to each others with numerical crash simulation.

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Induction of Single Helical Screw Sense in Poly (n-Hexyl Isocyanate) by End-capping with a Chiral Moiety

  • Nath G. Yogendra;Samal Shashadhar;Park, Sang-Yoon;Murthy C.N.;Lee, Jae-Suk
    • 한국고분자학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국고분자학회 2006년도 IUPAC International Symposium on Advanced Polymers for Emerging Technologies
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    • pp.334-334
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    • 2006
  • Helical polymers like polyisocyanates with single screw sense are essential to exhibit sophisticated functions like molecular recognition, self-replication, chirality memory and catalytic activity. One approach that has not been explored is the effect on handedness of the polyisocyanates through end-capping with a chiral residue. Induction of chirality in poly(n-hexyl isocyanate) was studied by end-capping with chiral (R and S) 2-bromo-3-methylbutyryl chloride(R-BMBC and S-BMBC). We have shown that a control over living anionic polymerization of HIC by using a suitable initiator affords an opportunity to introduce chiral end-groups with 100% yield and in high purity. This has resulted in helicity induction through extended lengths several orders of magnitude.

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Self-Organized Grafting of Carbon Nanotubes by End-Functionalized Polymers

  • Lee, Sun-Hwa;Park, Ji-Sun;Koo, Chong-Min;Lim, Bo-Kyung;Kim, Sang-Ouk
    • Macromolecular Research
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    • 제16권3호
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    • pp.261-266
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    • 2008
  • A variety of end-functionalized polymers were grafted spontaneously onto multi-walled carbon nano-tubes (MWNTs) using a solution mixing process. The end-functional groups of the polymers underwent noncovalent grafting to the defect sites at the surface of the purified MWNTs through zwitterionic interaction or hydrogen bonding. The physically grafted polymers including polystyrene (PS), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), polyethylene oxide (PEO), and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) provided sufficient compatibility with an organic solvent or polymer matrix, such that the nanotubes could be finely dispersed in various organic media. This approach is universally applicable to a broad range of polymer-solvent pairs, ensuring highly dispersed carbon nanotubes through simple solution mixing.

Right Ventricular Mass Quantification Using Cardiac CT and a Semiautomatic Three-Dimensional Hybrid Segmentation Approach: A Pilot Study

  • Hyun Woo Goo
    • Korean Journal of Radiology
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    • 제22권6호
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    • pp.901-911
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    • 2021
  • Objective: To evaluate the technical applicability of a semiautomatic three-dimensional (3D) hybrid CT segmentation method for the quantification of right ventricular mass in patients with cardiovascular disease. Materials and Methods: Cardiac CT (270 cardiac phases) was used to quantify right ventricular mass using a semiautomatic 3D hybrid segmentation method in 195 patients with cardiovascular disease. Data from 270 cardiac phases were divided into subgroups based on the extent of the segmentation error (no error; ≤ 10% error; > 10% error [technical failure]), defined as discontinuous areas in the right ventricular myocardium. The reproducibility of the right ventricular mass quantification was assessed. In patients with no error or < 10% error, the right ventricular mass was compared and correlated between paired end-systolic and end-diastolic data. The error rate and right ventricular mass were compared based on right ventricular hypertrophy groups. Results: The quantification of right ventricular mass was technically applicable in 96.3% (260/270) of CT data, with no error in 54.4% (147/270) and ≤ 10% error in 41.9% (113/270) of cases. Technical failure was observed in 3.7% (10/270) of cases. The reproducibility of the quantification was high (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.999, p < 0.001). The indexed mass was significantly greater at end-systole than at end-diastole (45.9 ± 22.1 g/m2 vs. 39.7 ± 20.2 g/m2, p < 0.001), and paired values were highly correlated (r = 0.96, p < 0.001). Fewer errors were observed in severe right ventricular hypertrophy and at the end-systolic phase. The indexed right ventricular mass was significantly higher in severe right ventricular hypertrophy (p < 0.02), except in the comparison of the end-diastolic data between no hypertrophy and mild hypertrophy groups (p > 0.1). Conclusion: CT quantification of right ventricular mass using a semiautomatic 3D hybrid segmentation is technically applicable with high reproducibility in most patients with cardiovascular disease.

최소자승법을 이용한 수직다관절 Manipulator의 원호보간에 관한 효과적인 방법 (An Efficient Approach to Circular Curve Fitting of Articulated Manipulators Using Least Squares)

  • 김대영;최은재;정원지;서영교;홍형표
    • 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국정밀공학회 2002년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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    • pp.570-575
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    • 2002
  • This paper presents a new circular curve fitting approach of articulated manipulators, based on pseudoinverses. The paper aims at gaining the interpolation of circle from n data points, under the condition that the fitted circle should pass both a start point and an end point. In this paper, two algorithms of circular interpolation are presented. Prior to circular interpolation, are a spherical fitting should be performed, using least squares. In the first algorithm, the relationship between point data and normal vector on the sphere is used. In the second algorithm. the equation of plane which can be obtained from 3 points, i.e., a start point, an end point, and center of a sphere. The proposed algorithms are show to be efficient by using MATLAB-based simulation.

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모의가공을 위한 공구 이동 궤적면의 비매개변수형 모델링 (Non-parametric Modeling of Cutter Swept Surfaces for Cutting Simulation)

  • 정연찬;최병규
    • 한국CDE학회논문집
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    • 제1권1호
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    • pp.45-55
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    • 1996
  • This paper presents a new approach to non-parametric modeling of cutter swept surface (CSS) for cutting simulation. Instead of explicitly modeling cutter swept volumes, silhouette curves of the cutter surface are utilized in computing the z-value of the CSS at a grid point on the x,y-plane. The non-parametric evaluation of the CSS constitutes the integral part of 3-axis cutting simulation. The proposed method is more efficient than the existing ones in the case of conventional cutters (i.e., ball-end mills and flat-end mills), and more importantly, it enables the non-parametric modeling of the CSS for the round-end mills which was not possible with the existing methods.

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속이 찬 실린더와 평판의 접합부에 관한 연구

  • 김윤영
    • 대한기계학회논문집
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    • 제16권12호
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    • pp.2241-2251
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    • 1992
  • 본 연구에서는 Fig.1에서와 같은 축대칭 평판과 속이 찬 실린더(이하 단순히 실린더라고만 칭함)가 붙은 구조물에서 실린더의 끝단효과가 응력분포에 미치는 영향 을 해석해를 사용하여 고려해 보고자 한다. 이를 위해 얇은 평판에서는 2차원 고전 평판 이론을, 등방성 실린더에서는 끝단효과를 고려하기 위해서 3차원 선형 탄성이론 을 사용하고자 한다. 실린더와 평판의 접합부에서, 평판의 이차원 해와 실린더의 3 차원 해를 연결시키기 위해 접합부에서의 실린더의 유연성을 나타내는 유연성 행렬을 유도한다. 이러한 실린더의 유연성 행렬은 원형평판의 내부 경계조건으로 사용되는 데, 이와 유사한 해석절차는 셀구조물에 활용되어 왔다.

비작업보존 스케줄러를 갖는 IEEE 802.1 TSN에서 단대단 지연시간 보장 (End-to-end Delay Guarantee in IEEE 802.1 TSN with Non-work conserving scheduler)

  • 정진우
    • 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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    • 제18권6호
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    • pp.121-126
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    • 2018
  • IEEE 802.1 TSN(Time Sensitive Network) TG(Task Group)는 이더넷을 기반으로 지연시간 보장 및 패킷 무손실 서비스를 제공하는 기술의 표준화를 진행 중이다. 본 연구는 다양한 TSN 기술 중 패킷 포워딩 기술에 주목한다. TSN의 포워딩 기술은 크게 동기형과 비동기형으로 구분할 수 있다. 동기형은 시간 동기화 기술을 바탕으로 정해진 시간 구간을 정해진 class에 할당하는 기술이지만 대규모 네트워크에서 사용하기 어렵다. 비동기 기술은 트래픽 regulation과 class 별 스케줄링을 바탕으로 지연시간 보장을 약속하지만 필요 이상으로 복잡한 구조를 가진다. 본 논문에서는 비동기형 TSN 네트워크 구조를 보다 간단히 만들면서도 지연시간을 보장하는 방안을 제시하였다. 이를 통해 플로우의 상태를 저장하여 regulation 결정에 사용해야 하는 복잡성을 배제할 수 있었다. 이러한 간단한 구조에도 불구하고 높은 우선순위 트래픽의 최대 패킷길이를 일정 수준 이하로 제한하면 TSN의 요구사항을 만족시킴을 보였다.

중소기업 환경에서의 합목적적 정보시스템 활용을 위한 최종사용자 피드백 탐색행위의 중요성 (Importance of End User's Feedback Seeking Behavior for Faithful Appropriation of Information Systems in Small and Medium Enterprises)

  • 신영미;이주량;이호근
    • Asia pacific journal of information systems
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    • 제17권4호
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    • pp.61-95
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    • 2007
  • Small-and-medium sized enterprises(SMEs) represent quite a large proportion of the industry as a whole in terms of the number of enterprises or employees. However researches on information system so far have focused on large companies, probably because SMEs were not so active in introducing information systems as larger enterprises. SMEs are now increasingly bringing in information systems such as ERP(Enterprise Resource Planning Systems) and some of the companies already entered the stage of ongoing use. Accordingly, researches should deal with the use of information systems by SME s operating under different conditions from large companies. This study examined factors and mechanism inducing faithful appropriation of information systems, in particular integrative systems such as ERP, in view of individuals` active feedback-seeking behavior. There are three factors expected to affect end users` feedback-seeking behavior for faithful appropriation of information systems. They are management support, peer IT champ support, and IT staff support. The main focus of the study is on how these factors affect feedback-seeking behavior and whether the feedback-seeking behavior plays the role of mediator for realizing faithful appropriation of information systems by end users. To examine the research model and the hypotheses, this study employed an empirical method based on a field survey. The survey used measurements mostly employed and verified by previous researches, while some of the measurements had gone through minor modifications for the purpose of the study. The survey respondents are individual employees of SMEs that have been using ERP for one year or longer. To prevent common method bias, Task-Technology Fit items used as the control variable were made to be answered by different respondents. In total, 127 pairs of valid questionnaires were collected and used for the analysis. The PLS(Partial Least Squares) approach to structural equation modeling(PLS-Graph v.3.0) was used as our data analysis strategy because of its ability to model both formative and reflective latent constructs under small-and medium-size samples. The analysis shows Reliability, Construct Validity and Discriminant Validity are appropriate. The path analysis results are as follows; first, the more there is peer IT champ support, the more the end user is likely to show feedback-seeking behavior(path-coefficient=0.230, t=2.28, p<0.05). In other words, if colleagues proficient in information system use recognize the importance of their help, pass on what they have found to be an effective way of using the system or correct others' misuse, ordinary end users will be able to seek feedback on the faithfulness of their appropriation of information system without hesitation, because they know the convenience of getting help. Second, management support encourages ordinary end users to seek more feedback(path-coefficient=0.271, t=3.06, p<0.01) by affecting the end users' perceived value of feedback(path-coefficient=0.401, t=6.01, p<0.01). Management support is far more influential than other factors that when the management of an SME well understands the benefit of ERP, promotes its faithful appropriation and pays attention to employees' satisfaction with the system, employees will make deliberate efforts for faithful appropriation of the system. However, the third factor, IT staff support was found not to be conducive to feedback-seeking behavior from end users(path-coefficient=0.174, t=1.83). This is partly attributable to the fundamental reason that there is little support for end users from IT staff in SMEs. Even when IT staff provides support, end users may find it less important than that from coworkers more familiar with the end users' job. Meanwhile, the more end users seek feedback and attempt to find ways of faithful appropriation of information systems, the more likely the users will be able to deploy the system according to the purpose the system was originally meant for(path-coefficient=0.35, t=2.88, p<0.01). Finally, the mediation effect analysis confirmed the mediation effect of feedback-seeking behavior. By confirming the mediation effect of feedback-seeking behavior, this study draws attention to the importance of feedback-seeking behavior that has long been overlooked in research about information system use. This study also explores the factors that promote feedback-seeking behavior which in result could affect end user`s faithful appropriation of information systems. In addition, this study provides insight about which inducements or resources SMEs should offer to promote individual users' feedback-seeking behavior when formal and sufficient support from IT staff or an outside information system provider is hardly expected. As the study results show, under the business environment of SMEs, help from skilled colleagues and the management plays a critical role. Therefore, SMEs should seriously consider how to utilize skilled peer information system users, while the management should pay keen attention to end users and support them to make the most of information systems.