• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.147-153
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• 1998

The strain characteristics of a fiber optic Fabry-Perot pressure sensor with high sensitivity using a $Si_{3}N_{4}/SiO_{2}/Si_{3}N_{4}$ (N/O/N) diaphragm is experimentally investigated. A 600 nm thick N/O/N diaphragm was fabricated by silicon anisotropic etching technology in 44 wt% KOH solution. An interferometric fiber optic pressure sensor has been manufactured by using a fiber optic Fabry-Perot intereferometer and a N/O/N diaphragm. The 2 cm length fiber optic Fabry-Perot interferometers in the continuous length of single mode fiber were produced with two pieces of single mode fiber coated with $TiO_{2}$ dielectric film utilizing the fusion splicing technique. The one end of the fiber optic Fabry-Perot interferometer was bonded to a N/O/N diaphragm. and the other end was connected to an optical setup through a 3 dB coupler. For the N/O/N diaphragm sized $2{\times}2\;mm^{2}$ and $8{\times}8\;mm^{2}$, the pressure sensitivity was measured 0.11 rad/kPa and 1.57 rad/kPa, respectively, and both of the nonlinearities were less than 0.2% FS.

• The magazine of the Korean Society for Advanced Composite Structures
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.25-30
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• 2016

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.29 no.8
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• pp.845-852
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• 2012

The diaphragm-type stylus probe was developed for ultra-precision on-machine measurement (OMM) application. This probe is equipped with two diaphragms which are parallel and one capacitive sensor is used for detecting the vertical motion of end tip in the stylus when it is contacted to the optical freeform surface. For better performance of proposed probes, several design parameters such as axial stiffness and the lateral deformations were investigated with finite element analysis techniques. To verify the feasibility, the profiles of the master sphere ball were measured on the ultra-precision milling machine. The measurement results show that the proposed probe can calculate the radius of the circle within the accuracy of 0.1 ${\mu}m$ for the ultraprecision optical surface.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.153-171
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• 2015

Twelve large-scale composite deck slabs were instrumented and tested in a cantilever diaphragm configuration to assess the effect of fibers and welded wire mesh (WWM) on the in-plane shear capacity of composite deck slabs. The slabs were constructed with reentrant decking profile and reinforced with different types and dosages of secondary reinforcements: Conventional welded wire mesh (A142 and A98); synthetic macro-fibers (dosages of $3kg/m^3$ and $5.3kg/m^3$); and hooked-end steel fibers with a dosage of $15kg/m^3$. The deck orientation relative to the main beam (strong and weak) was also considered in this study. Fibers and WWM were found efficient in distributing the applied load to the whole matrix, inducing multiple cracking, thereby enhancing the strength and ductility of composite deck slabs. The test results indicate that fibers increased the slab's ultimate in-plane shear capacity by up to 29% and 50% in the strong and weak directions, respectively. WWM increased the ultimate in-plane shear capacity by up to 19% in the strong direction and 9% in the weak direction. The results suggest that discrete fibers can provide comparable diaphragm behavior as that with the conventional WWM.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.307-310
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• 2015

Background: To evaluate our experience of early surgical plication for diaphragmatic eventration (DE) in infancy and childhood. Methods: This study evaluated infants and children with symptomatic DE who underwent plication through an open transthoracic approach in our childhood development department between January 2005 and December 2012. Surgical plication was performed in several rows using polypropylene U-stitches with Teflon pledgets. Results: The study included 12 infants and children (7 boys and 5 girls) with symptomatic DE (9 congenital and 3 acquired). Reported symptoms included respiratory distress (91.7%), wheezing (75%), cough (66.7%), and recurrent pneumonia (50%). Preoperative mechanical ventilatory support was required in 41.7% of the patients. The mean length of hospital stay was $6.3{\pm}2.5days$. The mean follow-up period was $24.3{\pm}14.5months$. Preoperative symptoms were immediately relieved after surgery in 83.3% of patients and persisted in 16.7% of patients one year after surgery. All patients survived to the end of the two-year follow-up and none had recurrence of DE. Conclusion: Early diagnosis and surgical plication of the diaphragm for symptomatic congenital or acquired diaphragmatic eventration offers a good clinical outcome with no recurrence.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.2445-2450
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• 2003

Recently, biological technology industry shows great development. Instruments and systems related biological technology have been developed actively. In this paper, we developed a new micro end-effector for biological cell manipulation. The existing micro end-effector for biological cell manipulation has not any force sensing mechanism. Usually, excessive contact force occurring when the end-effector and a cell collide might make a damage on the cell. However, unfortunately, user can not notice the condition in case of using the existing end-effector. In order to overcome we proposed the improved micro end-effector having a force sensing mechanism. This paper presents the design concepts of the new micro end-effector. We carried out calibration of the force sensor and tested the performance of the proposed micro end-effector. Through a series of experiments the new micro end-effector shows the possibility of application for precision biological cell manipulation such as DNA operation

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.1-10
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• 2019

Purpose : To investigate the relationship between breathing pattern disorder and joint position error (JPE) in patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP). Methods : Thirty nine patients with CLBP participated. End-tidal $CO_2$ and respiration rate (RR) were measured using a capnography. Breathing-hold time (BHT) and Nijmegen Questionnaire (NQ) were investigated. Thoracic excursion was measured with a cloth tape measurement technique. Joint position error were measured using a small laser point mounted on a lightweight headband. they were asked to relocate the head, after the neck movement on the horizontal plane. Pearson 's test was used for correlation analysis between respiratory variables and JPE in patients with CLBP. Independent t-test was used to verify the difference between thoracic and diaphragm breathing pattern in patients with CLBP. The significance level was set at 0.05. Results : There was a significant correlation between JPE (LR) and JPE (RR, EX) (r=.639, r=.813) (p<.001) and a low negative correlation with end-tidal $CO_2$ (r=-.357) (p<.05). There was a significant correlation between RR and JPE (EX) (r=.750) (p<.001). There was a low correlation between JPE (EX) and NQ (r=.333) (p<.05). There was a somewhat high negative correlation between NQ and thoracic excursion (r=-.528) (p<.001). There was a somewhat high negative correlation between thoracic excursion and JPE (LR, RR, EX) (r=-.470, r=-.484, r=-.602) (p<.001). There were no significant differences in the RR, BHT, NQ, and thoracic excursion between the thoracic and diaphragmatic breathing (p>.05). There was a significant difference in the JPE (EX), end - tidal $CO_2$, and VAS values between the thoracic and diaphragm breathing (p<.05). Conclusion : There was a correlation between JPE (EX) and NQ in patients with CLBP, and correlation between thoracic excursion and JPE (LR, RR, EX) and NQ. There was a significant difference in the JPE (EX), end-tidal $CO_2$ level, and VAS value in the comparison of thoracic breathing and diaphragm breathing. The results showed that breathing patterns and JPE were related to each other.

• Proceeding of KASS Symposium
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.110-117
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• 2006

This study presents an effective stiffness-based optimal technique to consider floor rigid diaphragm action and a technique to evaluate the structural behavior characteristics and efficiency for tall shear wall outrigger system subject to horizontal loads. To this end, isoparametric plane stress element with rotational stiffness is used for shear wall element and stiffness gradient is calculated. Also, the approximation concept to solve effectively the large scaled problems, member grouping technique and resizing technique are considered. To verify the effectiveness and usefulness of this technique, the efficient evaluation method for three types of 50 story model with core and outrigger system is presented.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2022

Semi-integral abutment bridges are a type of integral abutment bridges. These bridges eliminate expansion joints on the structure and can be used in situations not suitable for full-integral abutment bridge. Moreover, Semi-integral bridges have excellent maintenance and can be economically constructed. This study is about precast wall-type blocks at each end which provide lateral support for PSC girder, as well as acting as retaining walls to resist longitudinal movement of semi-integral abutment bridge. The end-diaphragm connection between ended blocks of PSC girders can be achieved by in-suit nonshrinkage concrete. The results show that 3-point experiment of end-diaphragm beam have an acceptable performance which is so better than results of structural design. Moreover, the effects of backfill soil on semi-integral abutment bridge constructed are analyzed the behavior according to the temperature changes.

• Journal of KSNVE
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.285-294
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• 1999

Transient analysis for compressible fluid flow has been performed experimentally and analytically to study the dynamic characteristics of the end volume transmission lines following a sudden pressure change a its entrance. The numerical method was developed based on the method of characteristics. The sudden pressure at its entrance was generated by rupture of diaphragm in a shock tube. The sudden pressure was used to obtain the response, as input signal for the numerical analysis. The response to the sudden pressure at the end volume was measured using a pressure transducer. The experimental result shows good agreements with the numerical result. The effects of tube length, its diameter and end volume magnitude are evaluated on the responses of the pressure and on the damping factor. It is found that the viscous damping effects on the response through the transmission pipeline becomes larger with increasing pi;eline length and decreasing diameter of the pipe and the fluid-elastic stiffness decreases with increasing the terminal volume. The numerical approach presented in this paper can be very useful in designing the instrument and control system.