• 한국응용곤충학회지
• /
• 제61권4호
• /
• pp.657-658
• /
• 2022

농업 현장에서 사용되고 있는 진디벌류의 우화율을 향상시키기 위한 방안을 제안하고자 본 연구를 수행하였다. 농업 현장에 방사된 콜레마니 진디벌의 평균 우화율은 37.2%였으며, 우화율 제고를 위해 그늘막을 제공한 처리구에서는 54.4%, 그늘막과 수분을 공급해 준 처리구에서는 63.1%의 우화율을 확인하였다. 진디벌 방사 시, 그늘막과 수분을 공급해 준다면, 무처리보다 1.69배 높은 성충의 출현을 기대할 수 있을 것이다.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
• /
• 제23권6호
• /
• pp.423-429
• /
• 2000

To understand the effects of elevated $CO_2$ concentration and temperature on seedling emergence of seven herbaceous species, the seedling emergence was monitored between November 1997 and May 1998 using a temperature gradient chamber and a $CO_2$-temperature gradient chamber. Experiment was conducted under current ambient condition (Control plot), 2$^{\circ}C$-warmed condition with ambient $CO_2$ (T2 Plot), 4$^{\circ}C$-warmed condition with ambient $CO_2$ (T4 plot). and 4$^{\circ}C$-warmed condition with 1.8 fold of ambient $CO_2$ (CT4 plot). Species tested in this study were Digitaria adscendens, Echinochloa crus-galli, Panicum bisulcatum, Setaria viridis. Oenothera biennis, Andropogon virginicus, and Imperata cylindrica. Each species often dominates in the herbaceous stage of secondary succession in Japan. The mean seedling emergence times for all species were significantly increased to 23.6 and 32.2 d in the T2 and T4 plot compared to the Control plot, respectively. The most sensitive and insensitive species in seedling emergence time in T2 plot were O. biennis and D. adscendens, respectivel.y, and those in the T4 and CT4 plot were I. cylindrica and D. adscendens, E. crus-galli and A. virginicus, respectively. All experimental species showed no significant difference in the seedling emergence rate between treatments except for O. biennis and I. cylindrica. O. biennis showed a great decrease in the seedling emergence rate from 83.3% in the Control plot to 38.0%, 14.7%, and 29.3% in the T2, T4, and CT4 plot, respectively. Elevated $CO_2$ had very little effect on the seedling emergence. From these observations, it is expected that increased temperature would greatly advance the vegetative recovery time after disturbance through the advancement of seedling emergence time.

• 한국농림기상학회지
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.343-348
• /
• 2014

일 평균기온을 이용하여 난지형 마늘의 출현시기와 출현율을 일별로 예측하는 동적 모형을 개발하였다. 난지형 마늘은 최적온도인 $12.7^{\circ}C$보다 증가하면서 출현율과 출현속도가 감소하였다. 일 평균기온을 입력하여 난지형 마늘의 일별 출현속도를 예측할 수 있는 베타함수와, 출현속도를 누적하여 마늘 출현율의 변화를 예측하는 비선형 모형을 개발하였다. 개발된 모형으로 생장상의 실험결과를 잘 설명할 수 있었다. 모형을 재배기간 온도조건이 다른 온도구배터널에 적용해본 결과 온도구배터널 재배 마늘의 출현시기와 출현율을 비교적 잘 예측할 수 있었다. 그러나 노지 포장에서는 모형에서는 출현시기가 실제 관측된 것보다 5일 정도 빠를 것으로 예측되어 토양수분 등 온도이외의 다른 요인을 반영할 수 있도록 모형의 개선이 필요하였다.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제55권3호
• /
• pp.259-267
• /
• 2010

This study was performed at Rice and Winter Cereal Crops Department of NICS during 2007 and 2008 to investigate the characteristics of rice leaf emergence and to obtain basic data which can be used for rice growth simulation model by which we can forecast rice growth stage and heading date accurately under different cultivars, transplanting date, and climatic conditions. To confirm leaf emergence rate according to rice maturing ecotype, we surveyed the leaf emergence rate and heading date of Unkwangbyeo, Hwayoungbyeo and Nampyeongbyeo which are early maturing, medium maturing and medium-late maturing cultivars, respectively, according to seedling raising duration and transplanting time. When seedling duration was 15 days, the growth duration between transplanting time and completion of flag leaf emergence on main culm were 51.5~78.3 days in Unkwangbyeo, 55.3~87.9 days in Hwayoungbyeo and 58.4~98.4 days in Nampyeongbyeo, respectively. When seedling duration was 30 days, they were 50.1~75.5 days in Unkwangbyeo, 52.4~84.7 days in Hwayoungbyeo and 56.4~93.8 days in Nampyeongbyeo, respectively. As transplanting time delayed, the emerged leaf number after transplanting decreased in all rice cultivars. The cumulative temperature between transplanting time to completion of flag leaf elongation on main culm were $1,281^{\circ}C{\sim}1,650^{\circ}C$ in Unkwangbyeo, $1,344^{\circ}C{\sim}1,891^{\circ}C$ in Hwayoungbyeo and $1,454^{\circ}C{\sim}2,173^{\circ}C$ in Nampyeongbyeo, respectively. Leaf emergence rate on main culm were precisely represented by equation, y = $y_0$ + a / [1 + exp( - (x - $x_0$) / b)]^c, when we used daily mean temperature as variable.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.115-118
• /
• 1997

Stratified American ginseng(Panax quinquefoilium L.) seeds were planted in a shaded greenhouse at four depths and in four different soil types to observe effects on emergence rate and root size. Seeding depth affected seedling emergence rates and the number of days required to complete emergence. The shape of the roots was affected by the texture of soil, especially percentage of sand.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
• /
• 제7권3호
• /
• pp.171-179
• /
• 2018

국내에서 수집되어 농업유전자원센터에 기탁된 잡초성벼 유전자원 중 100점을 이용하여 토양 매몰 깊이, 담수 처리 깊이 및 기간, 생육 온도에 따른 출현율을 분석하고 출현하지 못하고 토양 속에 존재하는 종자를 회수하여 종자 상태를 분석하였다. 토양 매몰 깊이가 1 cm로 얕을 시 담수 깊이 5 cm 및 10 cm 처리에서 출현율이 각각 54, 57% 감소하였으며, 토양 매몰 깊이가 5 cm 깊어지면서 담수 처리에 따른 출현율 감소는 담수 5 cm, 10 cm에서 66, 84%로 크게 증가하였다. 잡초성벼 유전자원 별 담수 처리에 따른 출현율 변화를 분석한 결과, 토양매몰깊이 1 cm 및 담수 깊이 5 cm에서는 대부분의 유전자원이 60% 이하의 출현율을 보였으며, 토양매몰깊이 5 cm 및 담수 깊이 5 cm에서는 출현율은 크게 감소하여 94%의 유전자원이 10%이하의 출현율을 나타내었다. 출현이 완료된 뒤 출현하지 않고 토양 속에 남아있는 종자를 회수하여 종자 상태를 분석한 결과, 토양 매몰 깊이가 5 cm 일 시, 담수 처리에 의해 발아는 하였지만 출현하지 못하는 비율이 증가한 반면 죽거나 소멸된 종자의 비율은 감소하였다. 생육 온도를 달리하여 담수 처리 기간 동안의 유효 적산 온도에 따른 종자의 변화를 분석한 결과, 출현율은 유효 적산 온도와 유의한 상관관계를 보이지 않았으나 종자 사멸율 및 발아/미출현율은 유효 적산온도에 따라 증가, 감소하는 경향이었다. 담수 처리에 따른 출현율 변화는 담수 처리 온도 보다는 담수 처리 기간에 따른 차이가 컸으며 담수 처리 기간이 21일 이상일 시 출현율이 크게 감소하였다.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제48권6호
• /
• pp.460-464
• /
• 2003

본 연구는 벼 종자의 파종 후 발아, 유묘출현 및 생육 초기에 가하여지는 광질처리가 유묘 출현, 생장, 형태, 엽록소 함량 및 광합성율에 미치는 영향을 조사하여 벼의 육묘에 이용되고 있는 부직포의 색상을 전환할 필요가 있는가를 검토하고자 실시하였으며 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 파종 직후에 가하여지는 광질처리에서 유묘출현율은 조사일 모두 일미벼에서는 광질처리간 차이가 없었다. 그러나 동진벼와 대산벼에서는 원적색광 처리에서 가장 낮았으며, 청색광과 적색광간에는 차이가 거의 없었다. 2. 파종 직후에 가하여지는 광질처리로 인하여 원적색광 처리에서 초장과 엽장이 가장 짧았던 반면, 적색광은 뿌리수를 증대시켰다. 3. 파종 직후에 가하여지는 광질처리로부터 지상부 건물중은 청색광 처리에서, 뿌리의 건물중은 적색광 처리에서 가장 많았던 반면, 지상부 및 뿌리 건물중 모두 원적색광에서 가장 적었다. 4. 엽록소 함량과 광합성율 모두 품종간에는 일정한 경향이 없었으나, 광질처리에서는 이들 모두 적색광에서 가장 높고, 청색광, 원적색광 순으로 감소하였다.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제49권5호
• /
• pp.373-380
• /
• 2004

The production of sweet (su) and super sweet corns (sh2) has been economically feasible in Korea in recent years. Major factors limiting super sweet corn production are low germination and low seedling vigor. Since seed quality is closely related to seed maturity, the optimum harvest time for the seed production of sweet and super sweet corns was studied and the quality of seeds with varying maturities was investigated in 2001 and 2002 cropping seasons. The parents of the sweet corn seeds were Hybrid Early Sunglow and 'Golden Cross Bantam 70' and those of super sweet corn were Xtrasweet 82 and 'For­tune'. Seeds were harvested at 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, and 56 days after silking (DAS). As the seeds developed, seed weight of sweet corn increased and the seed moisture content decreased faster than that of super sweet corn. Germination rates of sweet corn seeds harvested 21 and 28 DAS at $25^{\circ}C$ and emergence rates in the cold soil test were significantly lower than those of seeds harvested after 42 DAS in both years. Although the germination rates of super sweet corn seeds with varying maturities showed similar patterns as sweet corn seeds at $25^{\circ}C$, the emergence rate of super sweet corn seeds in cold soil test continuously increased with seed maturity. This suggests that seed quality of super sweet corn should be tested in a cold soil test to estimate field emergence. As the seeds developed, leakage of total sugars and electrolytes from the both sweet and super sweet corn seeds decreased up to 42 or 49 DAS. The $\alpha-amylase$ activities of both sweet and super sweet corn seeds increased with seed maturity from 21 to 35 or 49 DAS depending on genotype and year. The optimum harvest time for the seed production of sweet corn was 42 DAS and 49 DAS for super sweet corn considering emergence rate and plumule dry weight in the cold soil test, leakage of sugars and electrolytes from the seeds, and $\alpha-amylase$ activity.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제43권3호
• /
• pp.194-198
• /
• 1998

An experiment was carried out to find out the priming effects of rice seeds, Oryza sativa L. (cv. Ilpumbyeo) on. the seedling establishment and early emergence under excess soil moisture conditions. Seeds were primed by soaking in -0.6 MPa polyethylene glycol (PEG) solution at $25^{\circ}C$ for 4 days. The primed seeds were sown in soils with various soil moistures (60, 80, 100, 120, and 140% field capacity) at 17 and $25^{\circ}C$, respectively. Germination and emergence rates, plumule height, and radicle length of primed seeds were higher than those of untreated seeds at any soil moisture and temperature examined. The time from planting to 50% germination ($T_{50}$) of primed seeds was less than that of untreated seeds by 0.9～3.7 days. Germination rate, emergence rate, plumule height, and radicle length were highest at the soil moisture of 80% field capacity among the soil moistures. Priming effects of rice seeds on germination and emergence rates were more prominent under the unfavorable soil moistures (60, 100, 120, and 140% field capacity) than those under the optimum soil moisture condition (80% field capacity). However, priming effects on seedling growth were greater at near optimum soil moisture compared with too lower or higher soil moistures. Therefore, these findings suggest that priming of rice seeds may be a useful way for better seedling establishment under the adverse soil conditions.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국자원식물학회 2019년도 추계학술대회
• /
• pp.44-44
• /
• 2019

Spring sowing of ginseng seeds often results in failure of seedling establishment. Storage condition during winter, sowing time, and seed treatment might effect on germination. Here we tested effects of temperature regimes of seed storage on spring sowing. Dehisced wet or dry ginseng seeds were stored at $2^{\circ}C$, $-2^{\circ}C$, $-3.5^{\circ}C$, or alternating temperature: at $2^{\circ}C$ until December, $-3.5^{\circ}C$ in January, and $2^{\circ}C$ in February, and sowed in March. In overall, emergence rate was dependent on storage temperature, and $-3.5^{\circ}C$ resulted poorest emergence than other conditions. Storage of wet seeds in alternating temperature resulted highest emergence rate. Seed dry also affected on emergence rate, while it was dependent on the storage temperature. In terms of growth, storage at $2^{\circ}C$ as wet seed resulted highest growth, and dried seeds resulted poorer growth than wet seeds. As a modification of alternating temperature, seeds were stored at $2^{\circ}C$ at first, then transferred to $-3.5^{\circ}C$ at Nov 30, Dec 20, and Jan 10, each. When transfer date was delayed, emergence rate was increased. We suggest that seed storage temperature for ginseng should not be decreased below $-2^{\circ}C$, and alternative temperature regime for successful spring sowing could be useful.