• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.84-89
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• 2010

The effect of forging condition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 9Cr-1Mo heat-resisting steel was investigated. Microstructure of centrifugal casted 9Cr-1Mo heat resisting steel and forged heat resisting steel are consisted of martensite. With the increase of forging ratio, tensile strength and hardness increased, while elongation and impact value decreased. By increasing of forging starting temperature and finishing temperature, tensile strength and hardness increased, while elongation and impact value decreased. We obtained the optimum forging conditions as follow, forging ratio is 30%, forging starting temperature is $1200^{\circ}C$ and forging finishing temperature is $950^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.365-370
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• 2010

In this study, we carried out the evaluation of EPDM(Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer) reclaimed rubber mixing with natural rubber at various mixing ratio to reuse as rubber filler. The scorch time and moony viscosity was analyzed to evaluate the effect of cure behavior. And also, we analyzed the tensile strength, the elongation at break and cure time to evaluate the variation of cure behavior. As the results, the scorch time and optimal cure time was decreased according to the increasing of EPDM reclaimed rubber. However, the moony viscosity was increased at each mixing ratio. In case of the added EPDM reclaimed rubber was 20 phr(parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of rubber), the hardness and specific gravity was increased a little. The hardness and specific gravity was increased in rapidly under 40 phr of the added EPEM reclaimed rubber. The tensile strength and elongation at break of the compound of natural and EPDM reclaimed rubber was rapidly decreased compared with its natural rubber when the ratio of adding EPDM reclaimed rubber was over 40 phr.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.25-31
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• 1999

Algin is known as biodegradable natural polymer from marine plants. PVA/Algin blend films were prepared by solution blending method for the purpose of useful biodegradable polymer. Characteristics properties of PVA/Algin blend films such as DSC, Elongation, Tensile strength and Morphological change by SEM were determined. Tensile strength and Elongation were rapidly reduced as increasing the blend ratio of Algin. PVA/Algin blend films were found that phase separation was occured as more than 25wt% increasing the blend ratio of Algin. Blend films were observed to be less partially compatibility than 10wt% increasing the blend ratio of Algin by DSC, mechanical properties and SEM. Also, PVA/Algin blend films at the laboratory soil test(Pot Test) were completely degraded in months with four kinds of soils by microorganisms.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.120-128
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• 2008

Rayon fiber as clothing material has silk-like property which relates to other synthetic fibers. It has many advantages that is required to women's clothes. However rayon has many shortcomings. Therefore this research is to spin rayon-like polyester which has high contraction property to be synthesized by previous research to solve those shortcomings and to maintain advantages of rayon. The contraction ratio of regular polyester is 30% and the contraction ratio of this synthesized polyester is over 60%. The spinning temperature of regular polyester ranges from $285^{\circ}C$ to $300^{\circ}C$. However, this copolymer is set range from $270^{\circ}C$ to $290^{\circ}C$, which is $10^{\circ}C$ less than regular polyester due to decreasing melting temperature. The spinning velocity effects the tensile strength and elongation of yarn magnificently. The high velocity of spinning makes yarn highly oriented, increases the tensile strength and decreases the elongation. This research defines the condition as following; draw ratio 2.734, First roller temperature $85^{\circ}C$, Slit heater temperature $175^{\circ}C$.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.290-296
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• 2021

The effect of draw ratio (8, 10, 12, 14 times) and additive CaCO₃ content (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 3.0 wt%) on the properties of high-performance PE monofilament was investigated in this study. As the draw ratio increased (8-14 times), the melting enthalpy (ΔHf), crystallinity, specific gravity, and tensile strength increased significantly. However, the draw ratio had little effect on the melting temperature (Tm) and crystallization temperature (Tc). The seawater fastness (stain and fade) of the hydrophobic PE monofilament prepared in this study showed an excellent grade of 4-5 in all draw ratios. To investigate the effect of the additive CaCO₃ content on the properties of high-performance PE monofilament, the draw ratio was fixed at 14 times. It was found that the tensile strength of the PE monofilament sample containing 0.5 wt% of CaCO₃ was much greater compared to the sample without CaCO₃, but the elongation of the sample containing 0.5 wt% of CaCO₃ was much less than the sample with 0 wt% CaCO₃. However, in the case of the sample containing more than 0.5 wt% CaCO₃, the tensile strength slightly decreased and the elongation slightly increased as the CaCO₃ content increased. The seawater fastness (stain and fade) of the hydrophobic PE monofilament showed excellent grades of 4-5, regardless of the amount of additives. From the above results, it was found that the maximum draw ratio of 14 times with an additive of 0.5 wt% CaCO₃ are the optimal conditions for manufacturing high-performance marine fusion materials with various fineness (denier) with high strength and low elongation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 1994.06a
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• pp.11-23
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• 1994

Formability of sheet metals can be evaluated using tensile testing. Easily measured tensile properties such as yield strength, tensile strength, elongation, strain hardening exponent, strain rate sensitivity and plastic strain ratio are important parameters to evaluated the sheet formability. This paper briefly explains how these properties are related to deep drawability and stretchability. The plastic anisotropy of sheet metals is usually attributed to the crystallographic texture. However dislocation distribution may influence the anisotropy.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.47-52
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• 2008

Nylon textured yarn is usually manufactured by disk type false twist texturing. Dyeing properties of nylon textured yam have not been studied yet. In this study, dyeing properties of nylon textured yam according to draw ratio out of process parameters were investigated. The fact that microstructure of nylon textured yarn in amorphous region particularly is transformed by draw ratio was confirmed indirectly by measurement of dyeing rate because dyeing rate was affected by the structure of amorphous region. Dyeing rate at draw ratio 1.29 was the lowest because the higher draw ratio increase amorphous orientation and disturb dye diffusion into amorphous region. The microstructure according draw ratio was indirectly confirmed by 5% strength, tenacity, elongation. But difference in K/S value and fastness was insignificant.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.108-112
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• 2016

Silk has been used extensively in textile applications because of its good luster and feel. However, the low elongation and elastic recovery of silk has limited its use in a wider variety of textile applications. In this study, silk textile samples were made with a highly twisted silk/polyurethane core-spun yarn. They were immersed in water and dried at different temperatures, and the effect of treatment temperature on the mechanical properties of the silk textile was examined. It was found that the water temperature strongly affected the morphology and mechanical properties of the silk textile, whereas the drying temperature did not. As the water temperature was increased, the weft silk yarn became tangled and the interval between warp yarns decreased, resulting in shrinkage of the silk textile. When the silk textile was immersed in water at high temperature (i.e., $100^{\circ}C$), the elongation of the textile increased eight-fold as compared to an untreated silk textile. The maximum elastic recovery ratio of the silk textile was 96.7%.

• Carbon letters
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.115-119
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• 2007

Properties of carbon blacks and carbon black/SBR rubber composites filled by surface modified carbon blacks were examined. Although the specific surface area of carbon blacks increased after the surface modifications with heat, acid, and base, there were no obvious changes in resistivity. The composites filled by heat treated carbon blacks showed a higher tensile strength and elongation than those filled by raw blacks. The acid and base treated carbon blacks filled composites also showed higher tensile strength but similar elongation values with those filled by raw blacks. With increasing loading ratio, both tensile strength and elongation increased, and appeared a maximum value at 30-40 phr. Modulus at 300% strain remained increasing with further loading of carbon blacks. At the same loading, the heat treated black filled composites showed similar modulus values with composites filled by raw blacks but for base and acid treated black filled composites much higher values were obtained. After the surface modification, the functional groups which played an important role in reinforcement action were changed.

• Macromolecular Research
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.357-367
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• 2003

The linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE)/zeolite composite using novel inorganic filler, zeolite, is prepared by a conventional compounding procedure using a twin-screw extruder. The observed scanning electron microscopic (SEM) morphology shows a good dispersion and adhesion of zeolite in the LLDPE matrix. The mechanical properties in terms of the Young's modulus, the yield stress, the impact strength, and the elongation at break were enhanced with a successive increment of zeolite content up to 40 wt%. The X-ray diffraction measurement is of supportive for the improved mechanical properties and the complex melt viscosity is as well. Upon applying a certain level of strain on the composites, the dewetting, the air hole formation and its growth are characterized. The dewetting originates around the filler particles at low strain and induces elliptical micropores upon further stretching. The microporosity such as the aspect ratio, the number and the total area of the air holes is also characterized. Thus, the composites loaded 40 % zeolite and 300 % elongation may be applicable for breathable microporous films with improved modulus, impact and yield stress, elongation at break, microporosity and air hole properties.