• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.26 no.3_4
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• pp.473-484
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• 2002

The physical characteristics of silk and wool fabrics dyed with OFS-FR and SM-FR were examined and color difference and colorfastness of these fabrics were analyzed. The results are as follows; 1. The thickness, density and weight of both dyed fabrics were increased than those of undyed fabrics independently of dyeing materials and mordants. 2. Air permeability of all the silk samples increased than that of undyed silk, on the other hand, air permeability of most of wool samples decreased than that of undyed wool. 3. Thermal insulation values of silk samples were not consistent with dyeing conditions, but those of wool samples increased than those of undyed fabrics regardless of dyeing materials and mordants. 4. Color difference was clear between OFS-FR and SM-FR dyed fabrics. The colors dyed with OFS-FR-Al and OFS-FR-chitos an showed violet, those dyed with SM-FR displayed yellowish, in addition to in case of wool, dyed with OFS-FR-Cu the color was greenish yellow, in case of silk dyed with SM-FR-Cu that was yellowish red. 5. Sense of silk fabrics by sensory-test was soft and smooth. Feeling of colors in silk fabrics was wick, warm and slightly brilliant. In case wool, sense of dyed fabrics was slightly soft and slightly rough. Feeling of colors in wool fabrics was warm but not elegant. Therefore the result of sensory-test in silk might be better than that of in wool. 6. Colorfastness to dry cleaning and perspirations was good, but that to washing and sunlight was not fine.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.28 no.8
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• pp.1076-1087
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• 2004

The purpose of the study is to give new aesthetic values of black dress one of the important items in contemporary women＇s fashion. Through the work, to give the new aesthetic characteristics that women really needed can be found. This study was processed by fashion books and articles, literal material with fashion photos which were related fashion trend from 1920 to the present. The results are as follows: In early 20th century, the black dress, which had simple form pursuing function like little black dress. In the middle of the 20th century, elegance and minimalism was represented by black dress, expressed erotic images together with see-through fabrics. In the end of the 20th century, body conscious style of black dress expressed sensual images of women. Modem black dress has design characteristics of the form: simple, close, exposure type and of the materials: matte, transparent and dazzling etc. Simple type emphasizes feminine elegance, while close type and exposure type disclose woman body curve to express erotic images. Matte materials made black dress express feminine elegance while transparent materials and dazzling materials made black dress express erotic and sensual beauty. The aesthetic characteristics of black dress were as followings: Sensualism expresses sexual attractiveness of women-close type and exposure type black dress and see-through materials and dazzling materials made black dress. Simplicity of extreme decoration effects are expressed through black dress having temperate and simple form. Femineity expresses traditional femineity to emphasize chaste, modest and elegant women images-the black dress, which is made of simple form, velvet and satin materials. Modernism combines black colour, which is called modem colour, with simplicity and function factors and pursues simple form. Ascetic practice controls mental and physical desire of the individuals, simple form without decoration covering up woman body and box type silhouette of black dress. Therefore, the study on image of the black dress, which have made appearance at modern fashion, is thought to help develop fashion trends and design, through which modern women express themselves and their beauty.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.9
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• pp.77-85
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• 1996

The purpose of this study is to examine losely how the Rococo style, which reached its summit in the history of French furniture, was realized in its social background and mode of life. Based ion this examination , this study will explore desirable directions for developing our domestic furniture design. For this purpose , existing literature will be referred to and analyzed to arrange into a new system. Rococo furniture style was the product of joyous and aristocratic living . This was based upon the historical development of French interior design, established by the national mode of Versailles Palace. Hereafter, royal style came into fashion paralleled with the luxuries of the court. Pursuit of new , interesting or beyond-expectation fashions encouraged the creation of new and imaginative forms and designs . The elegnant taste of customers, the new techniques of furniture manufacturing , and the unique sales strategies of merchants were social phenomena which contributed to the development of Rococo furniture. Furthermore , Louis XV`s private and personal life led to society`s pursut of comfortable and convenient living . Under these circumstances, small and cozy rooms for various uses came into the interior. Accordingly, the scales of furniture became smaller and any types of furniture with their own uses and feminine nature were manufactured , especially by the bnistes. Rococo furniture with fmine beanty and refined line, beatifil proportion and elegant sculpture, and solidity and clarity in general , is not only furniture for the use of man, but also furniture in harmony with man. As we see the stages of development and the characteristics of Rococo furniture, development of Korean furniture is a common task which can be accomplished through the participation of the designer, manufacturer, seller and consumer. Based on this co-operation , the furniture industry must make an improvement in furmture design, lestablish a permanent store in which new works are displayed. publicize activities and sales, promote exhibitions and seminars, and encourage technical development through the government and other interested organizations.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.20-27
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• 2009

This study aims to understand the consumer consciousness of the interior design by experiencing the interior space of the model house provided by the construction company. For this, the author investigated the spatial images about the apartment interior design and the satisfaction level depending on the experiential elements. Survey questionnaires were distributed to people who visited six model houses. Subjects were asked about the experience about the interior space of the model house. Their response to the experiential elements was analyzed with 5-point Likert scale and was computed as frequencies, percentages, and means. For the spatial image characteristics, adjectives were substituted for the image scales. As a result, the author found out the following: First, the interior space was commonly directed to the soft image, which was mixed with modern, noble, decent, dynamic and natural styles depending on the companies. The trend of each interior design basically had static, soft and vague images, and partially had two kinds of tendencies: the one was mild and natural, and the other was modern and elegant. Second, as the strategic modules of the experiential marketing, five experiential elements were investigated to find the satisfaction level through the model house interior space. The emotional element got the highest point followed by the cognitive element and the active element, while the sensible element and the relative element got the lowest point. Third, consumer response was generally positive toward the model house interior design provided by the construction company. It is necessary to make up for the design that can give an aesthetic pleasure with familiar images, rather than give a firm recognition about the design.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.245-252
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• 2010

The element of the civic size is much more emphasized than that of the past national size in competitiveness of the information society and knowledge based society like today. It is for the beautiful and fresh civic creation like the civic size industry, historical culture, and environment to be the competitiveness. Especially, the city of elegant and specialized space is a role of enhancing the quality of the city than any other area. Recently, Seoul is decided as the capital of the world design in ICSID held on San Francisco at 2007. It is an opportunity for the Seoul to leap as the design city which made a miracle of the Han River as the industrial city. However, the local history, the axis of the traditional time, the axis of the space, and the direction of the local development are deficient, because the public design business is progressed in very short term and at improvising which has been done in local government. It is impossible for people to take part in actively and it is fallen down for the city to make a sustainable possibility. In this paper, I would like to find out how to make the local identity and help the local activity. It is suggested to make the fun, comfortable and playing street using the theme street by storytelling. Eventually, the object of this paper is to review the effectiveness of the method where the Itaewon of design Seoul street construction business is applied by the theme street of the storytelling.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.148-166
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to establish the basic materials necessary for red carpet fashion design by examining the formativeness and fashion images of red carpet dresses at film festivals in the Great China Region. For the purpose of this study, research methods include a literature review on the origin and significance of red carpet dresses, the characteristics of film festivals in the Great China Region and their red carpet dresses as well as an analysis of the formative features and images of 615 red carpet dresses collected from each film festival official homepage, diverse media articles, and online search sites (www.google.com, www.hao123.com). The research finding can be summarized as follows: First, the formative features of red carpet dress designs were analyzed herein. It was found that the most frequently appearing type of silhouette was straight followed by hourglass and bulk in order. More specifically these included fit and flare, mermaid, trapeze, and slim in order. For the neckline styles, strapless was the most frequently seen followed by camisole, jewel, and one shoulder. Solid colors were more often seen than multiple colors. Bk, W, R, and YR were the most frequent main solid colors in order. Solid materials were frequent as well, such as soft and shiny materials. Non-patterned and unadorned styles were most frequent as for pattern types and details and trimmings. Second, the fashion images of red carpet dresses in the Great China Region were analyzed. The most frequent images were elegant, feminine, ethnic, modern, classic, avant-garde, others, mannish and sportive, in order.

• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.308-314
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• 2010

Importance of color in floral design has been emphasized for long time, but it is difficult to find out standardization of color for floral design and for educational system. Wedding bouquet is major and important part of floral design and it shows same problem. The research is concentrated on color image analysis of wedding bouquet designs which have been submitted for 'Interflora World Cup Competition' with the intention to utilize the study result as the basic information of floral design. Colors of wedding bouquets from 20 different countries were analyzed. All of designers chose high brightness and saturation more for designing the bouquets. Warm colors and cold colors have been taken in similar portion. Blue color has been rarely used and it is probably because of the rarity of blue flowers. This study shows each continent has different color preference. European designers used wide variety of colors while Asian designers preferred red color. From this study, we found that color image scales of wedding bouquets represent 8 images out of 12 representative images. Four exceptions are 'clean', 'elegant', 'gentle' and 'modern' images.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.43-59
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• 1996

The objective of this research is to investigate the potential of relational matching in one of the fundamental photogrammetric processes, that is initial approximation problem. The automatic relative orientation procedures of aerial stereopairs have been investigated. The fact that the existing methods suffer from approximations, distortions (geometric and radiometric), occlusions, and breaklines is the motivation to investigate relational matching which appears to be a much more general solution. An elegant way of solving the initial approximation problem by using distinct(special) relationship from relational description is suggested and experimented. As for evaluation function, the cost function was implemented. The detection of erroneous matching is incorporated as a part of proposed relational matching scheme. Experiments with real urban area images where large numbers of repetitive patterns, breaklines, and occluded areas are present prove the feasibility of implementation of the proposed relational matching scheme. The investigation of relational matching in the domain of image matching problem provides advantages and disadvantages over the existing image matching methods and shows the future area of development and implementation of relational matching in the field of digital photogrammetry.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.31
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• pp.287-308
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• 2013

Russian language tends to be quite open to borrowing. In Russian it has been for a long time the conventional way of expanding the lexicon, accepting many words from adjacent languages, including Church Slavic. In the contemporary Russian English has been the main source for loanwords. There are several linguistic factors for lexical borrowing: 1. the necessity of denominating new facts, phenomena or concepts, 2. the necessity of differentiating concepts, 3. the necessity of specializing new concepts, 4. the introduction of new international terms, 5. the increase of periphrastic expressions, 6. the needs for the more elegant and modern words. These factors have caused borrowing to enlarge the component of the lexicon and phrasal expressions, but excessive use of foreign words has brought about negative effects such as linguistic pollution. Some borrowed words are assimilated without serious conflicts, but other words undergo semantic changes in confrontation to existing words of similar meanings. These types of semantic changes comprise total change of meaning, reduction of semantic scale and extension of meaning. Semantic changes are caused by linguistic factors such as lexical conflict with existing words or by socio-culural factors such as misunderstanding of foreign words. And extension of meaning shows two types: qualitative extension and quantitative extension. The first means extending the semantic scope of a borrowed word and the latter - increasing the number of its sememe. In contemporary Russian language we can witness two productive phenomena: qualitative extension by socio-cultural factors, in which words with negative nuances are changed into those with positive ones and professional terms become common words, losing their professional meanings. On the other hand, by quantative extension some loanwords change their concrete meanings into abstract ones. In such cases loanwords acquire the additional meanings of abstractness, putting aside their original concrete meanings as the basic. On the contrary, the qualitative extension of adding the special meaning to general words or giving the concrete meaning to abstract words is not productive. And it is rarely witnessed that words of positive nuances are negatively used. It is considered that such cases are partly restricted in the spoken language or the jargon. Such phenomena may happen by the incomplete understanding of English words.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.137-150
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• 2019

This study aimed to provide consumer perception and evaluation of natural Cynanchi Atrium Fermented Original Cosmetics for Skin Whitening that can improve skin by using oriental medicinal ingredients. The product was applied three times a day for two weeks by a total of 60 users who agreed to participate in a clinical trial assessing the usability and skin sensitivity to extracts that had already completed component safety testing. This study subjects reported which images were most reminiscent of Korea. They preferred products that bore Korean images because they felt trust and recognized that the quality of the cosmetics was excellent. The responses also showed that many consumers were willing to buy a product, even though it was luxurious, elegant, and expensive. The cognitive evaluation of Original Cosmetics was high and showed that the quality was likely to be good. The usability and CMF(Color, Material, Finishing) evaluation of Original Cosmetics showed good product the product is long-lasting and tightened and moisturized skin naturally. They are think about that this product it has moisturizing effects and good application for use, so it is light and soft to use. And had a whitening effect. It was intended to assist in the development of products that meet consumers' desires and expectations for safe, healthy, and beautiful skin by developing a skin whitening Original Cosmetics prototype that can inhibit the production of melanin and tyrosinase activity safely and effectively.