• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.23-40
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• 2008

Considering rapid development of Electronic Trade in Korea, it is an important issue to analyze consumers' satisfaction and e-loyalty. The purpose of this study is to find the affecting factors on the determinants and utilizable intention of electronic trade trustworthness and e-loyalty. In the literature review, it was made to compare and analyze the precedent papers about electronic trade trustworthness theory, Keller and Aaker(1992), Yun, Seong-jun's(2000) model of the trustworthness. This study investigates the concept of the satisfaction, e-loyalty in electronic trade site and its determinants, and tries to establish e-loyalty analyzing model. The model of the satisfaction, e-loyalty electronic trade site is tested here using data from 106 samples. The major finding of this paper would be summarized as followed : And then it was used the empirical research method to test hypotheses which was established based on the precedent studies : 1) electronic trade factors are positively related to the trustworthness on the electronic trade practical, not being trustworthness of the functionality on electronic trade practical in international trade company. 2) tr stworthness of electronic trade practical is positively related to the e-loyalty in international trade companies.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.31 no.7
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• pp.490-495
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• 2018

A multielectrode electronic paper film capable of expressing a single-color image was fabricated by injecting color electronic ink into an electronic paper panel; on the basis of its reflective or transparent properties, it is possible to control the expression of six single-color images and their transmittance. In this study, a single-color image was represented by driving a multielectrode electronic paper film; color coordinates were measured. The six capable single colors were yellowish pink (0.444, 0.354), white (0.355, 0.352), black (0.241, 0.241), orange (0.514, 0.360), reddish orange (0.606, 0.338), and reddish purple (0.469, 0.145). Color particles used in this paper were black and white, by which six colors are accomplished, but more single-color images can be combined by using cyan, magenta, and yellow particles.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.223-245
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• 2003

As a rapid development of electronic commerce transactions in these days, the security and private protection problems became more important matters under the electronic transaction base. Because electronic transaction using electronic documents be carried without direct person to person meeting, there can be the possibility to use other's identity illegally without notice, and very hard to verify authenticity of transaction as well. In addition, it is very hard to find out that the electronic documents on the process of submitting is forged documents or not, and also have much difficulty in maintaining transmitting secret. Therefore, to solve such problems on electronic commerce transactions and electronic documents, the digital signature and certification system with cryptography skill is inevitably necessary. As the wide use of digital signature together with beginning of digital government and financial transaction, not only the issuance of electronic certification, but certification market came to gradually expand. In Korea, after enacting digital signature act in 1999, the act contents were expanded to the wide range of contents complying with global standards from the end of 2001 to April, 2002, including the new clause of certification problems. And the act was put into operation now. Therefore, in this paper, we'd like to suggest development scheme through the investigation on electronic certification related problems, such as, concepts, procedures, service conditions here and abroad.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.21
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• pp.73-97
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• 2003

In this paper, I examined the trends of standardization and electronization of trade documents and SWIFT network. Also, I reviewed on emerging electronic documentary credit for electronic payment and electronic presentation of documents. New international trade customs and practices are being established and changed as a result of the growth of the Internet and other on-line networks. At the same time there is increasing pressure to move from existing paper-based documentary credit to electronic documentary credit. Several projects devoted to development of an electronic letter of credit infrastructure have recently been proposed such as Bolero, SWIFTNet, UNeDocs and eUCP, etc. Yet, little can be done until the presentation process is electrified between traders and banks. Also, interbank communication of letters of credit has long been electronic, mainly through the SWIFT. However, it is not functioned between applicant and beneficiary, although the solution of SWIFTNet has recently been developed. The Banking Commission of International Chamber of Commerce established a working group consisting of experts in the related fields to prepare the appropriate rules as a Supplement to UCP 500 for Electronic Presentation: eUCP. The eUCP will provide the necessary rules for the presentation of the electronic equivalents of paper documents under letters of credit. Some problems of electronic presentation under the eUCP, exist such as format, presentation of electronic records and the way of beneficiary's notice for completeness under the Article e5 if more than one record is to be presented electronically by third parties. Therefore, it is encouraged to provide more detailed guide for eUCP Article e5.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.1341-1350
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• 2003

At present, the electronic catalog format and the process system which are used in B2B (Business-To-Business) electronic commerce are applying different system architectures according to their businesses and industries characteristics. B2B business corporations using the electronic commerce started to consider the importance of standard electronic catalog format to enhance their interoperability. As a result, the necessity of unified electronic catalog system gathered strength in exchanging and managing enormous information of electronic catalog process system constructed in each corporation and industry. Therefore, we suggest data format to improve interoperability using XML (eXtensible Markup Language), as a standard document format in electronic catalog document and define the structure of electronic catalog document in processing the information of goods using XML Schema. In addition, we presents the integrated electronic catalog registry system which provides the service of searching and registering using the electronic catalog document defined through XML for each corporation to use it in electronic marketplace. Furthermore, we exhibits a model of the electronic catalog document that improves its interoperability and reusability in electronic commerce and a model of integrated electronic catalog system.

• The Journal of Information Technology
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.147-162
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• 2003

The technique of information-communication rapidly developed has made it possible for us to do business through Internet. Electronic commerce was increased rapidly by the explosive development of the inter and communication revolution. E-Commerce has created a fundamentally new way of conduction and will change drastically accepted ways of doing business. Normally international trade has been formulated in a way that exporters and importers meet face-to-face and contract and pay by letter of credits. For the global electronic commerce to vitalized, the outstanding matters should encourage the creation of infrastructure of information security and new models in the field of electronic payment systems, electronic commerce agreement for remedy, adapting electronic date interchange in transport documents and negotiability of electronic bills of lading. The payment systems such as electronic fund transfers, tradecard system and electronic letters of credits issued by SWIFT system permit the parties concerned(sellers, buyers ad service providers) to settle payment electronically. Still they are many limitations for complete international electronic transactions. The following measures have to be taken to vitalize electronic trade transactions. It is needed to acquire information security such as authenticity, integrity, non-repudiation and confidentiality. All kinds of documents need to be replaced by electronic date exchange and the legal structure of international convention, national law for electronic payment systems have to be completed. Also a detailed guide of the banking operation and developing rules for electronic letters of credits need to be provided to adopt eUCP rules for the electronic presentation of documents.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.36
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• pp.111-137
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of electronic security service quality satisfaction and customer satisfaction on switching barrier and customer loyalty. Survey questionnaires were distributed to business owners in Seoul that are using electronic security system and the total of 500 copies were used as research data except 60 copies with insufficient responses. The results are as follow. First, as for the effects of electronic security service quality satisfaction on electronic security customer satisfaction, it indicates that the higher electronic security service quality satisfaction achieves, the more it has positive effects on electronic security customer satisfaction. Second, as for the effects of electronic security service quality satisfaction on switching cost, it indicates that the higher electronic security service quality satisfaction achieves, the more it has positive effects on switching cost. As for the effects of electronic security service quality satisfaction on human relations, it indicates that the higher electronic security service quality satisfaction achieves, the more it has positive effects on human relations. It indicates that the effects of electronic security service quality satisfaction on alternative attraction was not meaningful. Third, as for the effects of electronic security customer satisfaction on switching cost, it indicates that the higher electronic security customer satisfaction achieves, the more it has positive effects on switching cost. As for the effects of electronic security customer satisfaction on human relations, it indicates that the higher electronic security customer satisfaction achieves, the more it has positive effects on human relations. But, it indicates that the effects of electronic security customer satisfaction on alternative attraction was not meaningful. Fourth, As for the effects of electronic security service quality satisfaction and electronic security customer satisfaction on customer loyalty, it indicates that the higher electronic security service quality satisfaction achieves, the more it has positive effects on customer loyalty. As for the effects of switching cost on customer loyalty, it indicates that the higher switching cost achieves, the more it has positive effects on customer loyalty. As for the effects of alternative attraction on customer loyalty, it indicates that there is no meaningful relation between alternative attraction and customer loyalty. But, effects of human relations on customer loyalty, it indicates that there is no meaningful relation between human relations and customer loyalty. Based on the above results, it is noticeable that in the effects of electronic security service quality satisfaction and electronic security customer satisfaction on switching barrier, all of them had meaningful effects except for alternative attractiveness. This signifies that switching barrier factor can increase when the service quality of electronic security and customer satisfaction increase. In other words, it can be said that increased awareness of electronic security service quality satisfaction and electronic security customer satisfaction by electronic security users can lead to high customer loyalty by establishing switching barrier through such increased awareness.

• Proceedings of the Korean Magnestics Society Conference
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• 2003.12a
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• pp.349-349
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• 2003

• Proceedings of the Korean Magnestics Society Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.309.1-309.1
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• 2007

• Proceedings of the Korean Magnestics Society Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.307.1-307.1
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• 2007