• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.71-77
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• 2019

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate postural control strategies on smart phone use during gait in over 50-year-old adults. Method: 8 elderly subjects (age: $55.5{\pm}3.29yrs$, height: $159.75{\pm}4.20cm$, weight: $62.87{\pm}8.44kg$) and 10 young subjects (age: $23.8{\pm}3.19yrs$, height: $158.8{\pm}5.97cm$, weight: $53.6{\pm}5.6kg$) participated in the study. They walked at a comfortable pace in a gaitway of ~8 m while: 1) reading text on a smart phone, 2) typing text on a smart phone, or 3) walking without the use of a phone. Gait parameters and kinematic data were evaluated using a three-dimensional movement analysis system. Results: The participants read or wrote text messages they walked with: slower speed; lesser stride length and step width; greater flexion range of motion of the head; more flexion of the thorax in comparison with normal walking. Conclusion: Texting or reading message on a smart phone while walking may pose an additional risk to pedestrians' safety.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.93-99
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• 2017

The rate of traffic accidents that occurred in Korea last year is 10 out of every 100,000 people, ranking it 6th among the 35 OECD member countries. The accident rate of children with disabilities and elderly people is also high. The purpose of this study is to introduce traffic safety facilities which have been developed for the reduction of traffic accidents in non-urban areas in Korea through an analysis of the related literature, the accident factors using traffic accident analysis system data and traffic accident characteristics. Traffic safety integrated facilities for ICT-based pedestrian crossings are subject to cross-sectional coverage of child protection zones. The smart safety fence prevents vehicles from parking illegally and informs pedestrians that there is an access vehicle on the pedestrian crossing. The smart bump is designed to warn drivers who are not aware of the pedestrians. In order to standardize the appropriate form and size of the traffic safety facilities for pedestrian crossings, we constructed a standard model for each type, considering the road function, press classification, power, lane number, geometric form, etc. As a result, the rate of traffic accidents involving vulnerable people was reduced. In addition, it is anticipated that the maintenance costs will be reduced by the use of a solar power supply and their compatibility with the existing installed safety fences.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.439-448
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• 2016

The population over 65 years old is 12.7% of total population in 2014 and Korea is going to be an aged society in the near future. The transportation vulnerable including the aged should be guaranteed in walking mobility under safe and comfortable environment for their socio-economic activities. For the era of fusion and convergence this paper investigated the characteristics of walking accidents related to the aged pedestrians and analyzed the aged-oriented walking factors with a reaction time and a walking speed at crosswalks in Yeosu. In the results, the crashes for the aged occur at 9.9% of total crashes and the fatalities of the aged are 40.3% of total fatalities in 2014. The 47.4% of the aged fatalities is also attributed to vehicle-to-pedestrian accidents. The 49.3% of all pedestrian fatalities occurs at the aged pedestrians with a very high proportion. The reaction time and walking speed for the aged were determined as the values located at the lower 15%-tile of the elderly physical ability. It is shown that the reaction time is 4.56 seconds and the walking speed is 0.76 m/s in the case of Yeosu. From two factors' standpoint, the walking environment at crosswalks in Yeosu is inappropriate for the aged.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.53-61
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• 2022

Despite the increasing importance of pedestrians and their walking individualities, walking activity time characteristics are yet to be studied. This study analyzes the walking activity time characteristics by group using the Time Use Survey data. In order to analyze the characteristics of each pedestrian group, cluster analysis and correspondence analysis were performed by dividing the walking styles into utilitarian and leisure-purpose walking. Those who did not undertake utilitarian walking were mainly the worker group, whereas subjects who walked could be classified into homemaker and student groups. The peak of the student group appeared clearly in the morning, with a dispersed peak obtained during the afternoon. Although the peak of the homemaker group was not precise, it was confirmed that they mainly walked in the afternoon. The worker group also did not participate in leisure-purpose walking, while the elderly group mostly undertook walking for leisure. These walking activity time characteristics of pedestrians are expected to be applied when establishing related pedestrian policies.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.217-223
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• 2013

Population aging is a shift in the distribution of a country's population towards older ages. This is usually reflected in an increase in the population's mean and median ages, a decline in the proportion of the population composed of children, and a rise in the proportion of the population that is elderly. Population ageing is widespread across the world. Barrier-free or Design for All concept consists of modifying buildings or facilities so that they can be used by people who are disabled or have physical impairments. Design for All criteria are aimed at ensuring that everyone can participate in the Information society. Safety-related products being easy to adapt according to different needs, or using standardized interfaces that can be accessed simply by using assistive technology. To this end, policy makers and service providers, especially in the ubiquitous technologies, produce new technologies, products, services and applications for pedestrians.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.29-36
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• 2016

Purpose: Considering the proportion of the population such as the elderly, pregnant women, infants companion and constantly increasing foreign tourists, there is a high need for implementing an environment without barriers. In terms of policy and institutional aspects, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province is striving to create an environment without barriers and to promote the safety and convenience of Vulnerable Pedestrians. But it is not enough to create a viable barrier-free environment. Methods: Method of this research is to analyze the general population status and installed facilities status for the disabled in Jeju. And analysis of policy research needs and level of barrier-free. By applying the barrier-free environment certification standards should conduct an assessment of the level of the current public office buildings in Jeju. It presents the environmental improvement of public office buildings for barrier-free environment. Result: Barrier-free environment status of the five public office buildings research surveyed all buildings have shown low levels of installed facilities for the disabled. In particular, it was analyzed that represents a very low level in the intermediate facilities and other facilities. The development of a specific installation manual for the facilities for the disabled is required to improve public office buildings. And barrier-free criteria need to reflect on the implementation of regulations. Implications: Through continuous research to analyze the barrier-free level and problems of public office buildings, it will be made to improve the comprehensive and reasonable alternative.

• Design Convergence Study
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.199-211
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• 2016

The study examined how age-friendly their living environments the aged perceived and it's significant difference depending on their characteristics. The subject were 96 old persons who aged more than 60 years and lived in Nagasaki city, Japan. They asked how far each neighborhood facility related to the aged was located from their houses, and the age-friendliness of walk way, traffic, multi-family houses for the aged, and interior space of their living houses. Data were collected by using one to one interview. Results were as follows: 1) Most neighborhood facilities related to the aged were located within a walking distance or 10 min. distance by bus from their houses. 2) Among 5 areas of living environments, while traffic, house interior, and pedestrians road were relatively age-friendly, the amount of multi-unit dwellings for the elderly and the usability of wheelchair users in house interior were not age-friendly. 3) Age and education level of the aged influenced on the age-friendliness of their living environments.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.31 no.4D
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• pp.497-509
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• 2011

Walking is basic and important means of transportation for human. Although recently safety for pedestrians relating to traffic safety is considered to be important, efforts and interest for pedestrian safety are very unsatisfactory. Thus, it is needed to develop a pedestrian safety index which could be used to plan pedestrian safety program and to reduce/prevent pedestrian accidents. In this study, the Pedestrian Safety Index about 10 cities in Gyeongnam Province was developed using 5 factors highly influencing on pedestrian safety, which are the five year average pedestrian accidents per 100,000 population, the year 2009 pedestrian accidents per 100,000 population, crosswalk signal obey rate, jaywalking rate, and the year 2009 pedestrian accidents for children under 14 years and the elderly over 65 years. The perfect score for the index is 100. As the score becomes nearer to 100, pedestrian safety becomes better. The pedestrin safeties of Changwon, Gimhae and Masan are good and those of Sachon and Tongyong are bad. Tongyong's low score at the index is due to high pedestrian accidents rate only and Sachon's low score is due to high pedestrian accidents rate and jaywalking. At the pedestrian safety index of 10 counties of Gyeongnam Province, the pedestran safeties of Hamyang and Hapchon are good and those of Haman, Hadong and Gosung are bad.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.33 no.3 s.110
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• pp.31-42
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• 2005

Much has been made of the changes over time to apartment complexes during the era of rapid development in Korea. This study aimed at analyzing the chronological changes since the 1970s in the laws and regulations governing outdoor space and the residents' appreciation of outdoor space in Daejeon's apartment complexes. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: 1. Similar changes can be found throughout Daejeon's apartment complexes. As time has passed, the building-to-land ratio and the floor-to-land ratio have deceased. The high density trend of apartment complexes has continued until very recently. 2. Although residents' satisfaction with outdoor space around apartments has improved, land for athletic and commercial spaces still remains at its lowest level. Therefore, these kinds of spaces need improvement. 3. Comparing the characteristics of outdoor space in apartment complexes from the 1980s to present indicates that current apartment residents are much more satisfied with the outdoor space, but are conscious of the lack of adequate facilities for the elderly and the handicapped people, and of the hiか density of their apartment complexes. Therefore, these essential consciousness should also be further improved. 4. The residents are gradually becoming aware of changes to the outdoor space that have occurred over time in the apartment complexes, such as in the areas allowed to parking, pedestrians, and athletics. 5. These chronological changes relate to the residents' interest in the changes that have occurred to the outdoor space, especially the convenience of parking, the color of the buildings, the form of the buildings, and the shape of the roofs.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.87-96
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• 2022

The traffic vulnerable, including elderly pedestrians, have a relatively low walking speed and slow cognitive response time due to reduced physical ability. Although a smart crossing system has been developed and operated to improve problem, it is difficult to operate a signal that reflects the appropriate walking speed for each pedestrian. In this study, a neural network model and a multiple regression model-based traversing speed estimation model were developed using image information collected in an area with a high percentage of traffic vulnerability. to support the provision of optimal walking signals according to real-time traffic weakness. actual traffic data collected from the urban traffic network of Paju-si, Gyeonggi-do were used. The performance of the model was evaluated through seven selected indicators, including correlation coefficient and mean absolute error. The multiple linear regression model had a correlation coefficient of 0.652 and 0.182; the neural network model had a correlation coefficient of 0.823 and 0.105. The neural network model showed higher predictive power.