• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 1992

지반을 반무한 탄성체로 가정할 때 판과 지반간의 접촉압력을 유한요소법으로 해석하는 방법은 크게 두 가지로 생각할 수 있다. 그중 가장 직접적인 방법은 판과 지반을 모두 요소로 분할하는 방법이다. 즉 판은 평판요소로 지반은 유한한 범위에서 입체요소로 분할하는 방법을 말한다. 이 방법은 지반의 강성도행렬이 과대해지고 만약 상부구조가 판이 아닌 큰 규모의 구조물일 경우에는 전체강성도행렬이 너무 커지고 강성도행렬의 대폭도 대단히 커지게 되어 실용적 방법이라 할 수 없다. 또 한 가지 방법은 반무한 탄성체의 표면에 집중하중이 작용하는 경우에 대한 Boussinesq의 해를 이용하여 지반전체를 한개의 요소로 취급하는 방법이다. 이 방법을 택할 경우에는 판과 지반의 총접촉절점수와 같은 차수인 유연도행렬의 역을 구해야 한다. 더구나 유연도행렬은 대폭이 행렬의 차수와 동일하고 비대칭이므로 그 역을 구하는 것이 결코 실용적이라 할수 없다. 본 연구에서는 역행렬을 구하는 과정을 회피하는 한가지 방법으로 접촉절점에서의 접촉압력을 먼저 구하여 반력분포를 결정한 다음 상부구조와 지반의 변위 및 응력을 개별적으로 구하는 방법을 사용한다. 이 방법은 Cheung 등이 최초로 사절점 직사각형요소에 대하여 이론상으로만 제안한 것이나, 판의 절점위치에서의 등가접지압이 일정한 지배영역에 등분포한다고 가정하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 8절점 등매개변수요소를 이용하여 곡선경계의 요소분할이 가능하도록 하였고 판의 한 요소와 접하는 지반영역을 Gauss 적분의 가중값과 통일한 넓이의 소영역들로 분할하여 각 소영역에 Gauss 적분점에서의 접지압이 등분포한다고 보고 계산한 점이 다르다.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.373-380
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• 2000

Finite element analysis is performed on the subsurface crack propagation in brittle materials due to sliding contact. The sliding contact is simulated by a rigid asperity moving across the surface of an elastic half-surface containing single and multiple cracks. The single crack, coplanar cracks and parallel cracks are modeled to investigate the interaction effects on the crack growth in contact fatigue. The crack location is fixed and the friction coefficients between asperity and half-space are varied to analyze the effect of surface friction on stress intensity factor for horizontal cracks. The crack propagation direction is predicted based on the maximum range of shear and tensile stress intensity factors. With a coplanar crack, the stress intensity factor was increased. However, with a parallel crack, the stress intensity factor was decreased. These results indicate that the interaction of a coplanar crack increases fatigue crack propagation, whereas that of a parallel crack decreases it.

• 한국지반공학회지:지반
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.29-36
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• 1986

본 연구에서는 무작위 진동 기법을 통하여 물성이 알려져 있지 않은 모래 지반 위에 놓인 강성기초의 수직 진동 거동을 분석하는 방법을 제안하였다. 수직 진동 체험을 위한 모형 기초는 질량비와 반경이 다른 11개의 도형 기초를 제작 사용하였으며 실험 지반은 모래를 성토하여 이용하였다. 연구 결과, 본 연구에서 제안된 방법은 지반을 반무한탄성체로 가정한 단순화된 에널로그보다 정확한 진동 거동이 추정되었다. 본 방법에 의한 추정 공진 진동수는 실측 공진 진동수두 잘 일치하였으며, 실측 변위에 대한 추정 공진 변위의 비는 본 실험 지반에 대하여 0.5~1.35의 범위에 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제80권6호
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• pp.737-747
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• 2021

The objective of seismic resilience is to maintain or rapidly restore the function of a building after an earthquake. An efficient tilt mechanism at the member level is crucial for the restoration of the main structure function; however, the damage resistance of the members should be the main focus. In this study, through a comparison with the classical Flamant theory of local loading in the elastic half-space, an elastomechanical solution for the axial-stress distribution of a reinforced-concrete (RC) rocking column was derived. Furthermore, assuming that the lateral displacement of the rocking column is determined by the contact surface rotation angle of the column end and bending and shear deformation of the column body, the load-lateral displacement mechanical model of the RC rocking column was established and validated through a comparison with finite-element simulation results. The axial-compression ratio and column-end strength were analyzed, and the results indicated that on the premise of column damage resistance, simply increasing the axial-compression ratio increases the lateral loading capacity of the column but is ineffective for improving the lateral-displacement capacity. The lateral loading and displacement of the column are significantly improved as the strength of the column end material increases. Therefore, it is feasible to improve the working performance of RC rocking columns via local reinforcement of the column end.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제58권3호
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• pp.423-442
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• 2016

This study considers a functionally graded (FG) elastic layer resting on homogeneous elastic substrate under axisymmetric static loading. The shear modulus of the FG layer is assumed to vary in an exponential form through the thickness. In solution, the FG layer is approximated into a multilayered medium consisting of thin homogeneous sublayers. Stiffness matrices for a typical homogeneous isotropic elastic layer and a half-space are first obtained by solving the axisymmetric elasticity equations with the aid of Hankel's transform. Global stiffness matrix is, then, assembled by considering the continuity conditions at the interfaces. Numerical results for the displacements and the stresses are obtained and compared with those of the classical elasticity and the finite element solutions. According to the results of the study, the approach employed here is accurate and efficient for elasto-static problems of FGMs.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.573-588
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• 2017

The earthquake input is required when the soil-structure interaction (SSI) analysis is performed by the direct finite element method. In this paper, the earthquake is considered as the obliquely incident plane body wave arising from the truncated linearly elastic layered half space. An earthquake input method is developed for the time-domain three-dimensional SSI analysis. It consists of a new site response analysis method for free field and the viscous-spring artificial boundary condition for scattered field. The proposed earthquake input method can be implemented in the process of building finite element model of commercial software. It can result in the highly accurate solution by using a relatively small SSI model. The initial condition is considered for the nonlinear SSI analysis. The Daikai subway station is analyzed as an example. The effectiveness of the proposed earthquake input method is verified. The effect of the obliquely incident earthquake is studied.

• Advances in aircraft and spacecraft science
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• 제4권6호
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• pp.711-727
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• 2017

This article is concerned with a two-dimensional problem of micropolar generalized thermoelasticity for a half-space whose surface is traction-free and the conductive temperature at the surface of the half-space is known. Theory of two-temperature generalized thermoelasticity with phase lags using the normal mode analysis is used to solve the present problem. The formulas of conductive and mechanical temperatures, displacement, micro-rotation, stresses and couple stresses are obtained. The considered quantities are illustrated graphically and their behaviors are discussed with suitable comparisons. The present results are compared with those obtained according to one temperature theory. It is concluded that both conductive heat wave and thermodynamical heat wave should be separated. The two-temperature theory describes the behavior of particles of elastic body more real than one-temperature theory.

• Interaction and multiscale mechanics
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2013

The aim of this paper is to study the propagation of torsional surface waves in non-homogeneous isotropic layer of finite thickness placed over a homogeneous viscoelastic half-space, when both density and rigidity of the non-homogeneous medium are assumed to vary exponentially with depth. The frequency equations are obtained by using simple method of separation of variables. Further, it is seen that when viscoelastic parameter and non-homogeneity parameter is neglected, the dispersion equation gives the dispersion equations of Love waves in homogeneous, elastic and isotropic layer placed over homogeneous viscoelastic medium. The problem has been solved numerically and the effects of various inhomogeneities of the medium on torsional waves have been illustrated graphically.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 1998년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.463-470
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• 1998

The boundary/finite element analysis for the seismic wave amplifications due to nonhomogeneous alluvial deposits was performed in this study. For numerical analysis, the homogeneous linear elastic soil half-space was modeled by using the 3-node isoparametric boundary elements and the inhomogeneous alluvial deposit was modeled by using the 8-node isoparametric finite elements. The two elements at interface were coupled together by the equilibrium condition of the tractions and the compatibility condition of the displacements. As a prarmetric variable, the incident angle and the dimensionsless frequency of the SH, P and SV-waves and the shear wave velocity ratio and the mass density ratio between the half-space and the alluvial deposit were selected.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.623-648
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• 2015

A numerical approach is presented for the analysis of the forced vibration of a rigid surface foundation with arbitrary shape. In the analysis, the foundation is discretized into a number of sub squaree-lements. The dynamic response within each sub-element is described by the Green's function, which is obtained by the Fourier-Bessel transform and Precise Integration Method (PIM). Incorporating the displacement boundary condition and force equilibrium of the foundation, it obtains a system of linear algebraic equation in terms of the contact forces within each sub-element. Solving the equation leads to the desired dynamic impedance functions of the foundation. Numerical results are obtained for foundation not only with simple geometrical configurations, such as rectangular and circular foundation, but also the case of irregularly shaped foundation. Several comparisons between the proposed approach and other methods are made. Very good agreement is reached. Also, parametric studies are carried out on the dynamic response of foundation. Addressed in this study are the effects of Poisson's ratio, material damping and contact condition of soil-foundation interface. Several conclusions are drawn the significance of the factors.