• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.51-63
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• 2014

Objectives : Reaserch on ophthalmology drawings in Euibangyoochui reveals the medical historic flows of the theory of ohryun-palgwak that is representative theory of ophthalmology. Methods : Ophthalmology drawings are divided into ohryun-palgwak drawings and eye disease drawings. Four picture of ophthalmology drawings in Euibangyoochui are shown in the books of suwolnobangyung, seeuidekhyobang, suyeoksinbang. Results : Ohryun drawing which describes the relationship between eyes and five viscera mentioned in lingshu. This is based on the theory of five elements. Palgwak drawing shows the combination palgwak theory and the eight trigrams of iching. Conclusions : In Korean Medicine theory of the eye, the diagnosis of eyes could be diagnosed eye disease and diseases of five viscera and six entrails. Each parts of the eye are reflected disorders in the five viscera and six entrails. Ophthalmology drawings in Euibangyoochui explains well these theories.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.1102-1110
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• 2006

Sambyun(三變) is standard classification for nine palace. Through sambyun you can define new meaning of 'self' in three perspective ways. First 'self' could mean desire, emotion and memory which are ontological values. second, 'self' could mean id, ego, and superego which are practical values. Third 'self' could mean unconscious, preconscious and conscious which are epistemological values. Samjae(三才) is method that analyze things base on common features. Sa sang is method that analyze things base on difference. They both are device that searching for reason. If you put one's mind in center to observe the universe creativity of great absolute and symmetry distinction of yingyang produces jeung(情), supreme intelligence(神), and soul(魂魄). With these facts identity of the heaven(天), earth(地) and man(人) which is named samjae(三才) generates symbols of independent sasang(四象). And also, sasang generates relations between five element(五行), six energy(六氣). From ten shen(十神) relation comes seven feelings(七情) of man which creates a category of the eight trigrams(八卦) for divination and unification of nine palace(九宮). All these process are united.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.17-47
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• 2018

Objectives: The three nations of far Northeastern Asia, namely China, Korea, and Japan, have developed a tradition of Asian medicine within a common cultural realm. Studying Japan's Yunqi not only helps our understanding of Japanese traditional medicine, but the course of development taken by the three nations' traditional Asian medicine as a whole. Methods: All books relating to Yunqi published in Japan were studied, with special focus on books that are especially more important. Results: It is assumed that Japan's first book on Yunqi is 吉田宗桂's Ungiileonjib. The Japanese mainstream study on Yunqi is the annotations and studies on Suwenrushiyungilunao, written by Liuwenshu. YunQiLunAoKouYiis the first annotation on Suwenrushiyungilunao and had the greatest impact. Yunqilunjujie is an annotation book written by a Confucian scholar, and Yunqilunaoshuchao an annotation book composed by a Confucian doctor who was a thorough expert on sinology and the annotations ranged greatly from medical books, Confucian books, historical books and hundred schools of books. Aotouyunqilun is the most slight in terms of annotations compared to other annotation books, and Yunqilunaoyanjie is special in that it writes with both Chinese characters and Japanese language in order to help easier understanding by the novice scholars. Conclusions: Suwenrushiyunqilunao includes astronomy, geography, delivery sound, calendar, the eight trigrams, the Twelve laws, Shier chen, Constellation of twenty eight, Thirty-six birds, and secret days, which is leading to further study in these fields. Suwenrushiyunqilunao also contains excerpts from Suwen Liujiecangxianglun to describe the algorithm of the operation of Sun and Moon, which is also leading a further study in the field.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.37-61
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• 2007

Objective : By examining EEG status in Korean Traditional Medicine (KTM) from the viewpoint of 'form-qi theory(形氣論)', We wish to prepare for the fundamentals of applicability of KTM diagnoses to EEG. In addition, through reinterpretation of existing Western Medicine reports from the viewpoint of KTM, We tried to find out interrelationship between them. Method : In this paper, a methodology applicable to KTM diagnoses of EEG is presented from the EEG features in waveform characteristics, personalized diversity, and cognitive activity reflection. Results : Frequency bands are assigned to corresponding one of the eight trigrams in terms of yin/yang balance, which is analogous with EEG spectrum analysis mostly used in EEG quantification. The amplitude ratio of each EEG for each frequency band gives meaningful index numbers which can be used in EEG data interpretation, and every index number is named after the sixty four hexagrams. These approaches are adopted through both '4-band classification system and '6-band classification system', and applied to pre-existing reported EEG data obtained from normal adults. These analyses show that changes and distribution pattern in the index numbers are observed as a whole on both left-right line and front-back line connecting EEG measurement cephalic electrodes. And differences in distribution pattern of three index numbers deduced from '6-band classification system' are discussed according to constitution. Conclusion : The index numbers introduced here, which are the spectral power ratio for each EEG, are based on KTM yin/yang balance. These index numbers vary according to cephalic location, so its application in terms of traditional meridian theory is strongly expected. The index number distribution also shows different patterns according to constitution.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.28-38
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• 2004

The Hun-Min-Jeong-Eum(訓民正音) has been created under the political purpose that is to unite politics and cultures through a philosophical harmony of the confucianism as well as the Buddhism under the periodical circumstance that includes the change of a dynasty and a revolution in culture. The creating work has been greatly affected by the theoretical divination, that is the confucian ideas of North-Song dynasty which has been highly elaborated in those days. The shape of the characters of the Hun-Min-Jeong-Eum(訓民正音) has been influenced by the ancient letters existing at the time (especially Ga-Rim-To 加臨多), it has been throughly readjusted and recreated based on the philosophy. The consonant uses the Three-Pillars(三才)(ㅇ, ㅁ, △) in the style of the five elements and each velar-lingual-labial-dental-guttural sounds (牙舌脣齒喉音) is applicable to five elements also a 'ㅇ' is equivalent to the heaven, a 'ㅁ' to the earth. a '△' to the man. The vowel uses the five elements of ㅗ(water). ㅏ(wood), ㅜ(fire), ㅓ(metal), ㆍ(five-soil), ─(ten-soil) in the style of the Three-Pillars(三才) of ㆍ, ㅡ, ㅣ and the first created letters(初出字), and the secondary created letters(再出字) each can be attached to the eight trigrams(八卦). The consonant has 17 letters and the vowel has 11 letters, therefore the total number of the letters is 28. and those are equivalent to the 28 constellation(二十八宿) of the astronomy. Contrary to the underlying principle that has been applied during the time of the creation of the letters, when the consonant and the vowel are used, the consonant refers to the heaven (天), and the vowel refers to the earth(地). a consonant take a part in making a point on the starting place of the pronounce, a vowel take a part in the keeping the energy to the end.

• 대순사상과 동아시아종교
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.101-121
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• 2023

Daoism was introduced into the South-West of Vietnam via two main entries: the missionaries from North and Central Vietnam who migrated to the South by following the Southward movement and the spread of Daoism by Chinese migrant men who came and settled in the South-West of Vietnam from the late seventieth century to late nineteenth century. However, the biggest influence of Daoism in the Southwest of Vietnam was mainly the Chinese missionaries of Daoism. As time went by, together with the impacts of social and historical circumstances, Daoism had a strong influence on the lives of the South-West people in terms of different aspects, especially their faith and religions. The impact of Daoism into people's faith and religion was considerable, especially to the indigenous religions, of which the religion, Four Debts of Gratitude, is a representative example. With the aims of clarifying how Four Debts of Gratitude was influenced by Daoist thought and how the indigenous religions and systemized ideologies in the South-West of Vietnam were related during the period of living condition expansion as well as cohabitation of several ethnic groups in the region, this article focuses on Daoist thought expressed in typical symbols in the sacred architecture of the Four Debts of Gratitude such as Cổ Lầu, wine gourds, and the Eight Trigrams. Once properly examined, it becomes clear that the prominent symbols and other Daoist elements show that Daoism had a profound influence on the Four Debts of Gratitude.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.29-37
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• 2005

According to Confucianism, the world before Confucius focused on respecting the heaven which meant that everything could be done by the heaven. After the period of Confucianism, Joo-Ja asserted that everything could be done by nature. During the Chosun Dynasty, philosophers such as Seo Kyung-duck, Lee Hwang, and Lee Yi talked about four characters and seven passions of human being. They started to focus more on the inside of human nature. During the later period of the Chosun Dynasty, a philosopher by the name of Dongmugong Lee Jema analyzed that one's nature and feelings can change his or her external matter and the function of internal organs by purity or impurity of one's mind. Based on these analysis, Dongmugong discovered 'sasangin' which puts more emphasis on one's state of mind compared to the outside the world. Also, Dongmugong tried to figure out the connections between Confucianism and medical science. If you use change fire and stone theory which is difference between hado and nock-seo to expain four seven theory one's mind could be define as four natural characters and seven feelings. From four seven theory four is ying and seven is yang. This is the method of cure and understand the structure of human body. And also, four natural characters and seven feelings can be divided into heaven and earth. You can see Four natural characters is far more similar to heaven and seven feelings are similar to earth. According to four-seven theory hado is permanent and you can find out 'sasangin' is permanent also. Since seven feelings are influenced by sam-jae, you can analogize there are 21 different types in 'sasangin'. An underlying principle should there be 28 different types of sasangin instead of 21 different types of sasangin but one quater of sasangin is hidden according to samhyuniljang theory. All creations in the world are organized by unification of the great absolute and symmetry distinction of yingyang. With these facts identity of the heaven, earth and man which is named samjae generates symbols of independent sasang. And also, sasang generates relations between five element, six energy and the six family relation. From six family relation comes seven feelings of man which creates a category of the eight trigrams for divination and unification of nine palace. All these process are united.

• 산업진흥연구
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.167-177
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• 2024

본 논문의 목적은 궁위 인식에 대한 학술적 지위를 조금이나마 회복시켜 보는 데 목적이 있다. 근묘화실로 비유되는 궁위론, 즉 연월일시의 상징성은 단순한 통변의 기술이 아니다. 사주의 가장 근간을 이루는 명리 원리에 해당한다는 점을 인식하고 그 학술적 연구가 앞으로 더 많이 이루어져야 한다는 취지에서 연구하였다. 사주를 구성하는 내재적 사상은 음양오행이며, 기록하는 글자는 십간십이지이고, 시공의 자리를 담당하는 요소는 천간, 지지 그리고 4개의 기둥으로 엮인 궁위(宮位)이다. 이번 궁위 인식에 관한 고찰을 통해 인간이 탄생하는 시점, 즉 우주의 에너지가 뇌와 온몸에 포맷되는 그 순간에 과거의 시간과 정보가 시간의 점을 통과하고 스펙트럼처럼 확산되며 미래의 시간과 행동을 이끌어 간다는 '시간의 스펙트럼' 현상을 궁위론의 근거로 제시해 보았다. 임철초가 '원형이정'을 설명하는 근거로 사용한 선･후천팔괘의 변화 포인트와 현대 우주론 중 하나인 평행이론에서 가정하고 있는 현재를 투과하고 있는 두 원뿔형의 시간 변화 혹은 왜곡이 미래의 우주에 잔상을 남긴다는 가정을 궁위론의 연역적 근거로 삼아 논의해 보았다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.110-119
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• 2009

소상팔경은 중국에서 태동하여 오랫동안 동아시아의 시와 그림에 지대한 영향을 미쳤으며, 한국과 일본에서 전통 경관의 원형을 이끄는 문화현상으로 자리하였다. 지금까지 팔경 등 '경(景)'에 대한 연구는 지속적으로 이루어져 왔지만 정작 국내 팔경문화의 원류가 되는 소상팔경의 형식과 의미를 집중적으로 조명한 조경학적 연구 성과는 찾을 수 없다. 본 연구는 '문화경관 텍스트'로서의 소상팔경가와 소상팔경도에 담겨진 정형적 모습은 무엇이며 소상팔경이라는 문화현상 속에는 과연 어떠한 인식체계와 사유방식(思惟方式)의 결속구조가 엮여져 있는가를 밝히기 위해 시도되었다. '팔(八)'의 상징성을 정리하고 경관 어휘소의 분절 및 해체를 통해 '소상팔경' 각 경의 표층구조와 상관관계를 기호학적 관점에서 아이콘과 코드로 풀이하는 한편 텍스트 '소상팔경가'와 '소상팔경도'의 결속구조와 그 의미를 파악하였다. 소상팔경은 음양관과 팔괘(八卦)를 기본으로, 인생과 자연의 순환 및 변환 원리를 문자와 그림 텍스트로 정리한 언어기호이며, 문장의 문법적 구조와 형식은 단어의 상징성을 강조한 함축언어를 유사성과 대비성의 원리로서 전개 대응시킴으로서 자연의 섭리를 인간의 의식 안으로 옮겨오려고 시도한 결속구조와 결속성이 강하게 작용하고 있다. 또한, '소상팔경'은 다양한 경관 요소를 일정한 형식과 구조의 틀 속에서 배열함으로써 인생과 자연의 생멸 과정과 교감 그리고 소통을 변증법적으로 묘사하고 있다. 소상팔경의 이미지 기호는 결국 인생과 자연의 순환론을 강조하기 위한 것으로 보이며, 시간 및 계절 순환체계에서 인간이 관조하여 바라본 서사적 풍경이다. 고려에서 조선으로 이입된 "소상팔경"의 문화현상은 성리학적 풍경으로 덧칠되면서 조선의 문예미학을 이끄는 원동력이 되었고, 그 결속구조는 조선의 색채 풍경으로 변형되었지만 결속력은 꾸준히 전승되어 전래 문화경관의 기본 텍스트이자 한국적 풍경의 원형이 되었다.

• 헤리티지:역사와 과학
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.152-173
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• 2021

대기치는 임진왜란 중에 새로운 군사 제도와 함께 도입된 깃발이다. 군사 훈련에서 표식으로 세워 군사들의 움직임을 통제하거나 상급자를 영접하기 위해 세우던 사방 4자 이상의 큰 깃발로 군영에서 국왕을 영접할 때 국왕 행차 앞에 세우는 어전 대기치, 사신 영접과 파견, 지방관의 행차 등에 다양하게 쓰였다. 군사 훈련권을 상징하는 대기치를 통해 무위를 과시하는 사회적 상황을 확인할 수 있다. 대기치의 깃대 장식을 영두·주락(상모)·운봉을 갖춘 I유형과 영두·주락·치미를 갖춘 II유형으로 나누어 형식적 특징을 분석하였다. I유형에는 청도기·각기·문기가, II유형에는 대·중·소 오방기와 금고기·표미기가 속하는데 각각의 용도에 맞추어 장식을 달리하였다. 깃발의 크기는 네 변이 4자 이상의 정사각형에 상하와 세로 한 면에 화염각을 달아 세로가 약간 긴 정사각형에 가까웠던 것으로 추정된다. 대기치는 음양오행의 원리에 따라 오방색을 기본으로 활용하였다. 대기치의 문양은 오방을 상징하는 신수와 도교 부적 글자를 결합한 대오방기, 오방을 호위하는 신장들을 그린 중오방기, 팔괘문을 그린 소오방기, 군문을 엄격히 지키라는 뜻의 익호 문양의 문기로 대별된다. 대기치 제작을 위한 채색 사료로 오사카부립도서관 소장품 컬러 필사본 『기제』를 18세기 중후반의 용호영의 견식으로 비정하고 본 논고 서술과 시각화 작업에서도 중요하게 활용하였다. 대기치의 바탕 재료는 군권의 위엄을 드러내기 위해 수입 운문대단을 썼다. 크기는 영조척 1자(30cm)를 적용하여 4자 깃발은 세로 170cm, 가로 145cm, 5자 깃발은 세로 200cm, 가로 175cm로 확정하였다. 아울러 국왕 의장기 중 대기 > 중기 > 대기치로 조선 후기 전체 깃발 안에서의 위계 질서를 확인하였다. 위의 문헌 및 회화 분석을 통한 고증과 유물 자료를 토대로 두 유형으로 나눈 대기치를 시각화하였다. 시각화에서는 본 논고에서 고증한 깃발의 크기, 깃대 장식, 깃발별 문양 장식을 고려하여 제시하였다. 깃발의 바탕은 운문대단으로 18세기 운보문단 유물에 표현된 운문과 보문 문양을 제시하여 원형에 가깝게 복원하고자 하였다. 색상과 크기, 재질의 문양, 부대물품 등을 함께 제시함으로써 3D 콘텐츠 제작뿐만 아니라 실물 제작까지 가능하도록 하였다.