• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.31-38
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• 2010

Various fundamental and practical theories and technologies are needed for the development of Best Management Practices (BMPs) to manage the problems. The objectives of this paper was to investigate the effect of fertilizer and Non-point suource (NPS) pollution discharges from the field. The effect of fertilizer application was measured with respect to 10 % and 20 % slopes, respectively, using artificial rainfall simulator. The effect of fertilizer application on runoff was not significant because the effect of slope and rainfall intensity were overwhelmed. Runoff from 20 % plots was 21 % larger than that from 10 % plots. While groundwater discharge from 10 % plots was about 70 % larger than that from 20 % plots. It was concluded that runoff and groundwater discharge were largely affected by slope. T-N concentration in groundwater was much higher than that in runoff for both 10 % and 20 % plots. While T-P concentration in groundwater was lower than that in runoff. It explained that T-N moved well through soil pores without adsorption and other chemical reactions but T-P was well adsorbed on the surface of soil particles.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2022년도 학술발표회
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• pp.142-142
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• 2022

Adjusting weather radar data is a prerequisite for its use in various hydrological studies. Effect of spatial variables are considered to adjust weather radar data in many of these researches. The existence of diverse topography in South Korea has increased the importance of analyzing these variables. In this study, some spatial variable like slope, elevation, aspect, distance from the sea, plan and profile curvature was considered. To investigate different topographic conditions, tried to use three radar station of Gwanaksan, Gwangdeoksan and Gudeoksan which are located in northwest, north and southeast of South Korea, respectively. To form the suitable fuzzy model and create the best membership functions of variables, ANFIS-PSO model was applied. After optimizing the model, the correlation coefficient and sensitivity of adjusted Quantitative Precipitation Estimation (QPE) based on spatial variables was calculated to find how variables work in adjusted QPE process. The results showed that the variable of elevation causes the most change in rainfall and consequently in the adjustment of radar data in model. Accordingly, the sensitivity ratio calculated for variables shows that with increasing rainfall duration, the effects of these variables on rainfall adjustment increase. The approach of this study, due to the simplicity and accuracy of this method, can be used to adjust the weather radar data and other required models.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제59권3호
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• pp.29-39
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• 2017

In this study, the GPM (Global Precipitation Mission) IMERG (Integrated Multi-satellitE retrievals for GPM) rainfall data was verified and evaluated using ground AWS (Automated Weather Station) and radar in order to investigate the availability of GPM IMERG rainfall data. The SPI (Standardized Precipitation Index) was calculated based on the GPM IMERG data and also compared with the results obtained from the ground observation data for the Hoengseong Dam and Yongdam Dam areas. For the radar data, 1.5 km CAPPI rainfall data with a resolution of 10 km and 30 minutes was generated by applying the Z-R relationship ($Z=200R^{1.6}$) and used for accuracy verification. In order to calculate the SPI, PERSIANN_CDR and TRMM 3B42 were used for the period prior to the GPM IMERG data availability range. As a result of latency verification, it was confirmed that the performance is relatively higher than that of the early run mode in the late run mode. The GPM IMERG rainfall data has a high accuracy for 20 mm/h or more rainfall as a result of the comparison with the ground rainfall data. The analysis of the time scale of the SPI based on GPM IMERG and changes in normal annual precipitation adequately showed the effect of short term rainfall cases on local drought relief. In addition, the correlation coefficient and the determination coefficient were 0.83, 0.914, 0.689 and 0.835, respectively, between the SPI based GPM IMERG and the ground observation data. Therefore, it can be used as a predictive factor through the time series prediction model. We confirmed the hydrological utilization and the possibility of real time drought monitoring using SPI based on GPM IMERG rainfall, even though results presented in this study were limited to some rainfall cases.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.55-63
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• 2014

This study selected and analyzed filter media that can be applied in non-point pollution reduction devices aimed at processing the source of pollution on site for road runoff that increases rapidly in rainfall-runoff in order to improve the water quality of urban areas. First, the factors that affect the quality of runoff caused by sources of non-point pollution include physical and social factors such as the usage of land around the area of water collection, type of pavement and movement of cars and people, as well as rainfall characteristics such as frequency, intensity, amount and duration of rainfall. Second, the purification tests of the filter media were processed for pH, BOD, COD and T-P, and the filter media showed to have initial purification effect at that items. However, the filter media showed to be very effective for the processing of SS, T-N, Zn and Cd from the beginning to the end. Third, for filter media, zeolite and vermiculite showed to be effective for processing SS, T-N, Zn and CD constantly, and composite filter media including zeolite showed to have strong processing effects. The authors conclude that this study can be applied to technical areas and policies aimed at reducing non-point pollution in urban areas and can also contribute to allowing eco-friendly management of rainfall as well as improvement of water quality.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.705-713
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• 2016

This study investigates the concentration sudden rise in fine particle according to resuspended dust from paved roads after sudden heavy rain in Busan on August 25, 2015. The localized torrential rainfall in Busan area occurred as tropical airmass flow from the south and polar airmass flow from north merged. Orographic effect of Mt. Geumjeong enforced rainfall and it amounted to maximum 80 mm/hr at Dongrae and Geumjeong region in Busan. This heavy rain induced flood and landslide in Busan and the nearby areas. The sudden heavy rain moved soil and gravel from mountainous region, which deposited on paved roads and near roadside. These matters on road suspended by an automobile transit, and increased fine particle concentration of air. In addition outdoor fine particle of high concentration flowed in indoor by shoes, cloths and air circulation.

• 한국방재학회 논문집
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.167-178
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• 2007

강우분포형에 따라 이동강우가 지표면유출에 미치는 영향을 분석하였으며, 지배방정식으로 운동파방정식을 적용하였다. 이동강우의 강우분포형은 균등분포형, 전진형, 지연형, 중앙집중형을 사용하였으며, 이동강우에 상응하는 정지강우의 경우와 유출을 비교하였다. 본 연구에 적용한 강우의 이동속도는 0.125-2.0m/s이며, 이동방향은 지표면의 상류와 하류방향을 고려하였다. 이동강우의 강우분포형과 이동강우의 특성은 지표면 유출수문곡선의 모양과 첨두유량에 현저하게 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 모든 강우분포형에서 하류방향의 이동강우에 의하여 가장 큰 첨두유량이 발생함을 알 수 있으며, 강우분포형에 의한 유출량 민감도는 강우이동 속도가 증가함에 따라 감소하고 있다. 강우이동속도가 빠르면 첨두시간이 짧아지고 수문곡선의 모양이 급격히 얇아진다.

• 한국지반신소재학회논문집
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.17-24
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• 2006

본 논문에서는 국내외 두 현장의 보강토옹벽 대한 강우에 의한 영향을 분석한 내용을 다루고 있다. 국내 현장으로 성균관대학교내 지반시험장에 실대형 실험을 목적으로 시공된 계단식 보강토옹벽은 약 8개월 이상 장기 계측을 실시하여 시공시 및 강우시의 계측 결과를 분석 할수 있었다. 국외 보강토옹벽의 현장에서는 강우가 보강토옹벽의 거동에 영향을 미치는 주요인자임을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.127-138
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 강우의 공간상관구조에 대한 무강우 자료의 영향을 혼합분포를 이용하여 평가하였다. 강우자료의 형태는 두 강우관측소 모두 양의 자료를 가지는 경우, 두 지점중 하나 이상의 양의 자료를 가지는 경우, 그리고 전체자료를 사용한 경우 등 3가지를 고려하였다. 아울러 사용된 자료는 강우의 형태별로 태풍, 장마, 대류성 강우에 의한 강우로 나누어 비교가 이루어 질 수 있도록 하였다. 금강유역 내 12개 강우관측소의 시 자료를 이용하였으며, 그 결과 WMO에서 추천하는 강우관측망의 밀도가 장마와 태풍으로 인한 강우에 대하여는 적절하지만, 대류성 강우에 대하여는 부족한 수준인 것으로 파악되었다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제24권12호
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• pp.1617-1627
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• 2015

This study was carried out to investigate the characteristics of suspended solid concentration in small forest watershed, Hwacheon, Gangwondo. For five rainfall events from July 2013 to August 2013, rainfall, discharge, and suspended solid load has been measured. The results showed that the fist flush effect was observed for suspended solid in each rainfall event, sediment rating curve was obtained with $y=30.029x^{1.573}$ at rising limb and $y=12.902x^{1.8827}$ at falling limb, and EMC (event mean concentration) of suspended solid was calculated to 9.4 mg/L. EMC was compared to the values from the watershed that has various land use types and EMC from forest watershed was much lower that from the crop, paddy or low covered forest watershed.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.577-586
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• 2001

본 연구에서는 모형의 구조가 상대적으로 간단한 구형펄스모형을 이용하여 I-D-F 곡선을 유도할 수 있는 이론적 방법론을 제시하였다. 강우모형의 구조를 고려하여 유도되는 I-D-F 곡선은 관측 강우의 1차원 및 2타원 통계 특성을 이용하여 추정된 매개변수에 의해 그 형태가 결정되므로 년최대치계열을 이용하여 추정하는 1-D-F 곡선에 비해 비정상적인 강우사상에 상대적으로 덜 민감하게 된다. 본 연구는 서울 및 인천지점에 적용되었으며 이때. 유도 된 I-D-F 곡선은 년최대치계열을 이용하여 유도된 I-D-F 곡선과 비교함으로서 그 적용성을 판단해 보았다. 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다: (1) 지속기간이 길어짐에 따라 중첩확률은 아주 크게 증가한다. 그러나, 중첩에 따른 강우강도의 증가정도는 지속기간이 증가함에 따라 완만하게 감소하는 추세를 나타내고 있다. (2) 중첩을 고려하는 경우, 특히 지속기간 및 재현기간이 긴 경우에, 강우강도의 증가가 두드러짐을 확인할 수 있었다. 이는 깅 우강도의 계산 시 추정된 중첩확률과 재현기간을 함께 고려함으로 생기는 당연한 결과이다. 아울러, 서울과 인천지점의 비교에서는 서울지점의 경우가 중첩의 효과가 더욱 크게 나타나고 있음을 확인할 수 있었으며, 이는 추정된 중첩확률의 차이, 보다 궁극적으로는 구형펄스모형의 매개변수의 차이로 설명될 수 있다. (3) 본 연구에서 사용한 구형펄스 모형은 강우의 군집특성을 고려하지 못함으로 유도된 I-D-F 곡선도 전체적으로 년최대치를 이용한 I-D-F 곡선에 비해 작은 강우강도를 나타내었었다. 그러나 각 곡선의 전체적인 형태는 유사함을 확인할 수 있었으며 강우의 군집특성을 고려하는 강우모형을 사용할 경우 보다 나은 결과를 유도할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.