• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.17 no.10
• /
• pp.4555-4561
• /
• 2016

Self-management training is one of the ways to empower patients to cope with disease. The aim of this before-and-after quasi-experimental study was to determine effects of a teach-back self-management training method on breast cancer patient happiness. Fifty breast cancer patients who visited the Park-e Neshat Limited Surgery Clinic in Kerman, Iran were randomly divided into intervention and control groups after convenience sampling and checking for inclusion eligibility. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and the Oxford Happiness Inventory before and after teach-back training and analyzed using SPSS 23. Findings showed no significant difference between mean happiness scores in the two groups before the intervention. However, after the intervention, the mean happiness score in the intervention group increased from 37.2 to 62.9, while it decreased from 41.4 to 29.8 in the control group. These changes were statistically significant (p<0.001). Even after controlling for the effect of confounding factors such as residence location and history of cancer education, the observed differences between the groups were statistically significant (p<0.001). A teach-back self-management training program can increase happiness levels in breast cancer patients. Therefore, the use of this method is recommended to improve self-management and increase happiness.

• 한국노년학
• /
• v.40 no.2
• /
• pp.341-357
• /
• 2020

The present study examined whether the relation between different types of trust and happiness varied by place of residence (i.e., major cities vs. provinces) among Korean older adults. We used a total of 1,599 Korean adults aged 60 or older who had lived in the same residence at least for 5 years before. Multiple regression analysis was conducted to test an interaction between types of trust and place of residence. Results show that generalized trust and social trust have positive association with happiness. A significant interaction effect between generalized trust, particularized trust, and place of residence were found. In particular, particularized trust was found to have positive effects on happiness within residences who had lived in provinces and generalized trust was found to have positive effects on happiness within residences who had lived in major cities. Findings suggest that different types of trust on happiness, especially interpersonal trust should be interpreted in an environmental context. Future practical implications for increasing older adult's trust are discussed in a cultural context as a way to promote happiness and research directions are discussed.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.20 no.4
• /
• pp.737-745
• /
• 2022

This study is a descriptive research study conducted to identify factors affecting personality by examining subjective happiness, ethical sensitivity, empathy ability, and personality of nursing students. The study subjects were 165 students enrolled in the Department of Nursing in Gyeonggi-do, and data collection was conducted through an online survey from September 9 to October 18, 2020. The average of subjective happiness, ethical sensitivity, empathy ability, and happiness of nursing students is 5.11±1.03 points, 4.33±.38 points, 3.83±.42 points, and 4.09±.39 points. Personality positively correlated with subjective happiness, ethical sensitivity, and empathy ability. The significant factors influencing personality were major satisfaction, subjective happiness, ethical sensitivity, which explained 52.8% of the variance in nursing students' personality. Based on the results of this study, it is necessary to develop an educational program that considers ethical sensitivity, subjective happiness, and major satisfaction with high explanatory power for personality.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.568-575
• /
• 2017

This study examined the effects of courage on happiness and the mediating effects of the decision making ability on the relationship between courage and happiness. The courage Inventory for Young Children (Park & Lee, 2011), The Children's decision making ability Scale (Park, 2012) and the happiness Questionnaire (Kim, 2008) were administered to 220 young children (112 boys, 108 girls, 5 year of age). The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis, and a sobel test using the computer program, SPSS/PC 21.0. The results were as follows. First, there were significant positive relationships among courage, decision making ability, and happiness. Second, courage was an important factor in predicting the happiness of young children, and the decision making ability had mediating effects on the relationship between courage and happiness.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• v.52 no.1
• /
• pp.30-40
• /
• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of self-esteem as a moderator of the factors influencing suicidality among middle-schoolers. Methods: Moderated multiple regression analysis was applied to assess the influence of happiness, depression, and hostility on suicidality and to determine the degree to which self-esteem served as a moderator of those relationships. Data were collected from 268 students at a middle school in Busan, Korea, using a self-administered structured questionnaire. Results: Happiness, depression, and hostility had significant direct effects on suicidality. Self-esteem showed no direct effect, but had a significant moderating effect on the relationship between hostility and suicidal behavior. Conclusions: These results suggest that various interventions, such as counseling programs, should be designed to alleviate hostility and depression and to enhance happiness and self-esteem among early adolescents.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.31 no.1
• /
• pp.65-75
• /
• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of regular Nordic walking exercise on the physical indicators and subjective happiness of middle-aged rural residents. Methods: A pretest and posttest design with a non-equivalent control group was conducted. The participants of experimental and control group were each 21 subjects from 40 to 64 years old. The Nordic walking exercise program consisted of 24 sessions which were focused on group exercise, and was conducted three times a week for eight weeks. Results: The experimental group showed significant decreases in body mass index (p=.042), body fat (p<.001), and abdominal fat (p=.026). The experimental group showed significant increases in muscle mass of right lower limb (p=.009) and left lower limb (p=.016) but was not statistically significant in right, left upper limbs and body. On the other hand, the control group showed significant decreases in muscle mass of right upper limb (p=.034), left upper limb (p=.038), and body (p=.034). There were no significant differences in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and subjective happiness between the experimental and the control group. Conclusion: The Nordic walking exercise should be actively encouraged to improve health of the middle-aged in rural area.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
• /
• v.27 no.spc
• /
• pp.557-571
• /
• 2016

This study examined the effects of the actor and partner according to the activity immersion conflict perceived by rural multicultural couples in terms of the self-esteem and happiness using Actor-Partner Interdependence Model (APIM). For this purpose, the data of 482 persons from 241 husband-immigrant women dyads were analyzed. As results of the analysis, only the effect of the actor among the actor and partner effect according to the activity immersion conflict affected the self-esteem significantly in both husband and immigrant women. Conflict, namely the actor and partner effect, affected the happiness in both the husband and immigrant women significantly. Second, the difference in the actor conflict level on activity immersion perceived by the couple according to the women's native country was significant in both husband and immigrant women. The level of actor conflict was highest in Vietnamese husbands and the Philippine women. On the other hand, the difference in the partner conflict level on the activity immersion according to the women's native country was significant only in the women, and the level of Vietnamese women was highest. Therefore, the characteristics in the level of actor and partner conflict on activity immersion was caused by the difference in the number of activity organizations participating between the husband and women. Based on the results, this study suggests some measures to reduce the conflict of couples through activity. In addition, some plans for a follow-up study using APIM are suggested.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
• /
• v.29 no.4
• /
• pp.49-64
• /
• 2017

The purpose of this study was to explore ways to help improve adolescents' happiness by exploring the influences of emphatic ability and family strengths on happiness. This subjects were 514 middle school students living in Gwangju. Data were collected from self-report questionnaires and analyzed with SPSS 22.0 program. The major findings were as follows; First, the adolescents' emphatic ability('viewpoint', 'identity', 'emphatic interest'), family strengths('family respect and affection', 'role sharing and problem solving', 'communication and bonds', 'financial stability') and happiness scores were higher than the median(3.00). Emphatic ability('viewpoint', 'identity', 'emphatic interest', 'personal suffering') and family strengths('communication and bonds') showed significant difference according to gender. Second, the adolescents' happiness was influenced by 'family respect and affection', 'role sharing and problem solving', 'financial stability', 'personal suffering', 'identity', and 'emphatic interest'. Adolescents' happiness was explained about 39% by these variables. In other words, the higher family respect and affection, both higher role sharing and problem solving and higher financial stability, with lower personal suffering and higher identity and higher emphatic interest showed the higher happiness. These findings demonstrate the emphatic ability and family strengths in adolescents influence on the level of happiness. As such, in order to improve the happiness of adolescents, it is necessary to energize those programs focus on the forming healthy family relationships and to design finance assistance programs that could attempt to minimise financial gap. Additionally, it is necessary to develop programs aimed to enhance emphatic ability and continue such programs in homes as well as at schools. Finally, it is necessary to implement curriculum that may improve family strengths and emphatic ability, which have influenced on the happiness in adolescents. Since the subject "Technology & Home Economics" helps to enhance family strengths, emphatic ability and eventually amplifies the happiness, it is necessary to expand and reinforce it as well as to make it a mandatory subject.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.42 no.5
• /
• pp.680-688
• /
• 2012

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to explore the effects of family cohesion and subjective happiness on death anxiety of Korean elders and to identify other factors contributing to death anxiety. Methods: The participants were 280 elders who lived in P metropolitan city. Data were collected between November 5, 2011 and January 12, 2012 using the Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire (SPMSQ), Family Cohesion Evaluation Scale, Subjective Happiness Scale, and Fear of Death Scale (FODS). Data were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 19.0 program. Results: Family cohesion, marital status, religious activity, perceived health status, and subjective happiness were included in the factors affecting death anxiety of Korean elders. These variables explained 50.1% of death anxiety. Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that these variables should be considered in developing nursing intervention programs to decrease death anxiety and increase family cohesion and subjective happiness for life integration in Korean elders.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.14 no.7
• /
• pp.63-70
• /
• 2016

Purpose - The purpose of this study was to examine the variations in emotions during vacation and to explore if such variations depend on psychological distance perceived by vacationers. We proposed that there are changes in affect balance during the course of vacation as well as the mental construal of psychological distance. Research Design, Data, and Methodology - Repeated measures ANOVA was used to examine the variation in emotion and psychological distance of 66 holiday makers who were traveling to different destination for vacation. Data were collected in 2 months with the help of a travel agency. Results - We find that there are variations in emotions during the vacation at different points in time as well as perceived psychological distance. Also we find some evidence that suggests emotional happiness does depend on perceived mental distance to some extent. Conclusion - Our study replicates the findings of previous studies in a novel way and illustrates the robustness of the nature of emotions during vacation and indicates certain time points where the happiness of vacationers can be enhanced. Perceived psychological distance do have an effect on how happy an individual feels during the vacation.