• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.100-102
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• 2016

Ergothioneine is a natural compound with strong antioxidant properties. In this study, the effects of different nitrogen sources including ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, sodium nitrate, and histidine in sawdust media were investigated to enhance ergothioneine contents in Shiitake (Lentinula edodes) fruit bodies. The addition of 0.2% ammonium sulfate in the growth media showed the highest enhancement of ergothioneine content in shiitake fruit bodies which was 1.7-fold higher than the control. On the other hand, histidine, a building block of ergothioneine decreased the concentration of ergothioneine significantly. Our results demonstrate that the cultivation of shiitake in sawdust media with suitable nutrients was effective to enhance its ergothioneine contents.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.389-399
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• 1998

this study was focused on the effects of fire on spatial change of vegetation landscape in rural region. Fire types recognized as erown fire, severe surface fire and light surface fire in order of increasing intensity were described in a fire map. GIS was introduced to understand the relationship between fire types and topographic conditions or vegetation types. We also investigated land-use type and regeneration strategies after burning. Fire intensity depended on topographic conditions and vegetation types. Special land-use type in this area was collection of edible mushroom (Tricholoma matsutake). Mushrooms had been obtained from Pinus densiflora forests existing as edaphic climax or managed artificially. Regeneration strategy in burned areas was to make sprouts from burned oak stumps. A higher density and growth rate of sprouts, as compared to those on unburned areas, facilitated vegetation succession from P. densiflora forest to oak forest and consequently led to change of landscape pattern.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.245-250
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• 2002

Fibrinolytic enzyme has been purified from the edible mushroom, Tricholoma sejunctum using DEAE-cellulose chromatography, Phenyl-Sepharose chromatography and Mono-S column chromatography. The apparent molecular mass of purified enzyme was estimated to be 17100 Da by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and 19000 Da by gel filtration, Indicating that it was a monomer. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of the enzyme was Ala-Thr-Tyr-Lys-Ile-X-Ser-Ala-Thr-His-Gln-X-X-Leu-Val. It has a pH optimum at pH 9.5, suggested that purified enzyme was a alkaline protease. The activity of purified enzyme was inhibited by EDTA and 1,10-phenanthroline, indicating that purified enzyme is a metalloprotease. The activity of purified enzyme was increased by Zn$^{2+}$ and Co$^{2+}$, however, the enzyme activity was totally inhibited by Hg$^{2+}$.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.5-8
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• 1978

Attempts were made to investigate on the fatty acids of Agaricus bisporus, a cultivated edible mushroom. Fats were extracted from it and saponified with alcoholic potassium hydroxide. Isolated fatty acids were methylated and were subjected to column chromatography and G.L.C. Eleven saturated fatty acids, i.e., dodecanoic, tridecanoic, tetradecanoic, pentadecanoic, hexadecanoic, heptadecanoic, octadecanoic, eicosenoic, uncosenoic, docosenoic, and tricosenoic acids, were identified. Especially palmitic and stearic acids were abundant. Nine unsaturated fatty acids appear to exist in the carpophore.

• Mycobiology
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.55-59
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• 2008

Gymnopilus spectabilis, a hallucinogenic mushroom belonging to the family Cortinariaceae, is found growing in dense clusters on stumps and logs of hardwoods and conifers. It contains the hallucinogenic alkaloid psilocybin and its strongly bitter taste makes it undesirable as an edible. In an effort to identify chemical constituents of Korean native wild mushrooms, 4,6-decadiyne-1,3,8-triol (1), ergosta-4,6,8(14), 22-tetraen-3-one (2), bisnoryangonin (3), and hispidin (4) were isolated from the methanolic extract of the fruiting bodies of G. spectabilis. Their structures were assigned on the basis of various spectroscopic studies. Compounds 3 and 4 displayed significant scavenging activity against the ABTS radical cation, DPPH radical, and superoxide radical anion, while 1 and 2 exhibited no antioxidant activity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.712-717
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• 1998

This study was undertaken to investigate the inhibition effects of Auricularia auricula-judae methanol extract in edible mushroom on lipid peroxidation and liver damage in benzo(a)pyrene(B(a)P)-treated mice. The activities of serum aminotransferase, cytochrome P-450, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and the hepatic content of lipid peroxide after B(a)P-treatment was markedly increased than control but those levels were significantly decreased by the treatment of Auricularia auricula-judae methanol extract. Glutathione S-transferase activity and the hepatic glutathione content were decreased by B(a)P-treatment than control, but those were also inhibited by the treament of Auricularia auricula-judae methanol extract. These results suggest that Auricularia auricula-judae methanol extract have a protective effect on liver damage by B(a)P.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.260-267
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• 1995

A lectin from the edible mushroom, Lentinus edodes, was purified through physiological saline extraction, ammonium sulfate fractionation and column chromatographies. On polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, 0.05M fraction from hydroxyapatite column exhibited adjacent four sharp bands. The partially purified lectin agglutinated the erythrocytes of rabbit, mouse and rat, but not agglutinated human erythrocytes. The lectin's mitogenic effects were tested by its application to human and murine splenic lymphocytes. The results showed that the 0.05M fraction from hydroxyapatite was mitogenic, and the optimal dose of Lentinus edodes lectin was slightly lower than Con A by the culture with murine splenic and human peripheral lymphocytes. Meanwhile, its ability to agglutinate transformed cells was tested by its administration to continuous cell lines L1210 and HeLa cells. The leetin was found to be an agglutinin of tumor cell lines tested by L1210 and HeLa cells.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.25-33
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• 1979

In order to find out nutritional effects of Korean edible mushrooms on the multiplication of tissue cells, the alcohol extracts and acid bydrolysates of eleven species of mushrooms were added to Earle's ESS. A comparison of the respective multiplications of HeLa cells in this solution and in control solution of TC=199. Yielded the following result: The alcohol extracts and acid hydrolysates of a Coprinus comatur, Agaricus campestris, Agaricus bisporus, Lentinus edodes, Tricholoma matsutake, Pleurotus ostretus, Ramaria botrytis and Pholiota nameko influenced favorably the maintenance of the normal form and monolayer of HeLa cells. The growth curves of HeLa cells in the cultures containing, respectively, the alcohol extracts and acid hydrolysates of these eight mushrooms showed that five species, i.e., Coprinus comatus, Agaricus compestris, Agaricus bisporus, Lentinus edodes and Tricholoma matsutake effected an excellent multiplication and that the other three species were less effective than those five species. As to the effects on the cell multiplication, no marked difference was observed between the alcohol extracts and the acid hydrolysates of the mushrooms tested.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.46-59
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• 1977

To screen biologically active components of the higher fungi of Korea, the carpophores of Auricularia polytricha, a well-known edible mushroom, were extracted with 0.14M NaCl solution. The extractive was successively fractionated by adding ammonium sulfate in various amounts, the respective precipitates being weparated by centrifugation, dialyzed and freeze-dried. When a dose of 60mg/kg of each was, i.p., injected into ICR mice, the fraction shich was precopitated at 20% (NH$_{4}$)$_{2}$SO$_{4}$ showed the highest toxicity, killing seven mice within two days. The fraction obtained at 40% (NH$_{4}$)$_{2}$SO$_{4}$ showed the second highest toxicity. The two fractions were named auratoxin I and II after the genus name. The symptoms of the intoxication were convulsion during the first 30 minutes after the injection, then sleeping within an hour, and tremor, lacrimation, nasal and ophthalmic bleeding, congestion and death in 24 hours. Particularly the spleen of the mice was fonud to be enlarged remarkably. The chemical analysis of the toxins showed that auratoxin I consisted of 4.4% protein and 84.5% polysaccharide and that auratoxin II 35.8% protein and 48.0% polysaccharide.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.223-228
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• 1984

To screen biologically active components of the higher fungi of Korea, the carpophores of Auricularia polytricha, a well-known edible mushroom, were extracted with 0.14M NaCl solution. The extractive was successively fractionated by adding ammonium sulfate in various amounts, the respective precipitates being weparated by centrifugation, dialyzed and freeze-dried. When a dose of 60mg/kg of each was, i.p., injected into ICR mice, the fraction shich was precopitated at 20% (NH/sub 4/)/sub 2/SO/sub 4/ showed the highest toxicity, killing seven mice within two days. The fraction obtained at 40% (NH/sub 4/)/sub 2/SO/sub 4/ showed the second highest toxicity. The two fractions were named auratoxin I and II after the genus name. The symptoms of the intoxication were convulsion during the first 30 minutes after the injection, then sleeping within an hour, and tremor, lacrimation, nasal and ophthalmic bleeding, congestion and death in 24 hours. Particularly the spleen of the mice was fonud to be enlarged remarkably. The chemical analysis of the toxins showed that auratoxin I consisted of 4.4% protein and 84.5% polysaccharide and that auratoxin II 35.8% protein and 48.0% polysaccharide.