• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2018년도 학술발표회
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• pp.106-106
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• 2018

Ecosystem service valuation is a crucial step for the sustainable management of watershed. In the context of various ecosystem services provided by watershed, this study, particularly deals with water yield computation in Bagmati Basin of Nepal. The water availability per population in Bagmati Basin is lowest compared to other basins in Nepal. Also, the rate of urbanization is rapidly growing over a decade. In this regard, the objectives of this study are 1) to compute the total water yield of the basin along with computation on a sub-watershed scale, and 2) Study the impacts of land use change on water yield based on CLUE-S model. For the study, Integrated Valuation of Environmental Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST), a popular model for ecosystem service assessment based on Budyko hydrological method is used to compute water yield. As well, CLUE-S model is used to study land use change, which is further related to study variation on water yield. The sub-watershed wise outcome of the study is expected to provide the guidelines for the effective and economic management of a watershed on a regional scale.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.107-127
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• 2010

본 연구는 준설과 모래채취가 시행된 강진만 해역복원사업 이후 강진만의 생태계 변화에 대한 주민들의 인식변화를 알아보기 위하여 주민 모니터링을 실시한 것이다. 과거 주요 바지락 생산지였던 강진만의 갯벌생태계는 해역복원사업(모래채취 및 준설)으로 인하여 생태계가 교란되어 어패류를 생산할 수 없게 되었다. 아직도 부분적으로 고막과 석화 등이 채취되나 점차 그 생산량은 줄어들고 있다. 이로 인해 지역주민들의 삶도 크게 변화되고 있다. 농어촌의 특성상 인구가 급격히 줄어드는 특징은 여느 농어촌과 비슷하지만, 해역의 훼손과 오염으로 인해 어패류가 급감되자 생계에 직접적인 타격을 받은 어민들로 인해 더욱 심각한 인구감소가 나타나고 있다. 지역주민 인식분석 결과 강진만의 오염과 어패류의 급감은 해역복원사업과 장흥댐 건설로 인한 담수 공급 어려움에 의한 것으로 요약된다. 본 연구를 통하여 갯벌에 대한 생태계 조사뿐 아니라 이곳에 의존하는 어촌주민들에 대한 장기적인 사회경제 모니터링이 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2017

In the present exploration we identified perception of forest dependent communities in relation to impact of climate change on forest ecosystem in and around Chilapatta reserve forest in northern part of West Bengal, India. Purposive sampling method was used for selection of area and random sampling method was used for selection of respondent. The data collection in this study was through questionnaire based personal in-depth interviews. Almost all the respondents (94%) were farmers and rest had occupation other than farming. Almost all the respondents perceived negative impact of climate change on forest though the level of perception varies from very low to medium (0.23-0.52) based on average perception score after assigning score to individual statements. The level of perception on impact of climate change on forest ecology and forest flora of the community is low and very low as the average perception score is 0.39 and 0.23, respectively while, it is medium (0.52) for forest fauna. Alternately their perception on decreased stream/river flow and quick drying of seasonal streams or water bodies is based on their livelihood experience as they depend on these for their domestic and irrigation water use and fish catch for family diet.

• 한국기후변화학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.21-36
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• 2014

산림생태계는 우리에게 다양한 재화와 서비스를 제공하고 있다. 재화와는 다르게, 산림으로부터 생산되는 생태계 서비스는 시장기작을 통해 가격형태로 평가가 이루어지지 못하는 문제를 지니고 있다. 이러한 평가의 불분명성은 산림생태계 서비스 관련 의사결정에 갈등을 초래하고 있다. 산림생태계 서비스에 대한 중요성과 그에 따른 합리적 의사결정의 필요성을 감안할 때, 산림생태계 서비스의 객관적인 평가가 도입되어야 한다. 최근 기후변화에 관심이 증대되면서, 탄소흡수원인 산림의 탄소저장 및 흡수기능에 대한 객관적 계량화의 필요성이 높아지고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 산림의 탄소저장 및 흡수기능을 평가하는 다양한 국내 외 모형의 규모, 출력인자, 입력인자 확보 가능성을 분석하여, 국내 적용 가능성을 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 탄소저장 및 흡수면에서는 대부분의 모형이 국내에 적용 가능하였으며, 산림의 다른 조절기능(대기정화, 홍수저감, 침식조절, 수절정화 등)까지 포함할 수 있는 모형은 상대적으로 적은 것으로 평가되었다. 본 연구는 탄소저장 및 흡수원으로서의 산림생태계의 조절서비스를 계량화하는 연구에 도움이 될 것이다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제54권2호
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• pp.194-207
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• 2021

It is necessary to assess and manage the different elements of the marine ecosystem, such as climate change, habitat, primary and secondary production, energy flow, food web, potential yield, and fishing, to maintain the health of the ecosystem as well as support sustainable development of fishery. We set up an ecosystem model around the Korean peninsula to produce scientific predictions necessary for the assessment and management of marine ecosystems and presented the usability of the model with scenario experiments. We used the Atlantis ecosystem model based on the marine food web; Atlantis is a three-dimensional end-to-end model that includes the information and processes within an entire system, from an abiotic environment to human activity. We input the ecological and biological parameters, such as growth, mortality, spawning, recruitment, and migration, to the Atlantis model via functional groups using existing research and local measurements. During the simulation period (2018-2019), we confirmed that the model reproduced the observed data reasonably and reflected the actual ecosystem characteristics appropriately. We thus identified the usability of a marine ecosystem model with experiments on different environmental change scenarios.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.228-240
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• 2023

Growing complexity in ecosystem structure and functions, under impacts of climate and land-use changes, requires interdisciplinary understandings of processes and the whole-system, and accurate estimates of the changing functions. In the last three decades, observation networks for biodiversity, ecosystems, and ecosystem functions under climate change, have been developed by interested scientists, research institutions and universities. In this paper we will review (1) the development and on-going activities of those observation networks, (2) some outcomes from forest carbon cycle studies at our super-site "Takayama site" in Japan, and (3) a few ideas how we connect in-situ and satellite observations as well as fill observation gaps in the Asia-Oceania region. There have been many intensive research and networking efforts to promote investigations for ecosystem change and functions (e.g., Long-Term Ecological Research Network), measurements of greenhouse gas, heat, and water fluxes (flux network), and biodiversity from genetic to ecosystem level (Biodiversity Observation Network). Combining those in-situ field research data with modeling analysis and satellite remote sensing allows the research communities to up-scale spatially from local to global, and temporally from the past to future. These observation networks oftern use different methodologies and target different scientific disciplines. However growing needs for comprehensive observations to understand the response of biodiversity and ecosystem functions to climate and societal changes at local, national, regional, and global scales are providing opportunities and expectations to network these networks. Among the challenges to produce and share integrated knowledge on climate, ecosystem functions and biodiversity, filling scale-gaps in space and time among the phenomena is crucial. To showcase such efforts, interdisciplinary research at 'Takayama super-site' was reviewed by focusing on studies on forest carbon cycle and phenology. A key approach to respond to multidisciplinary questions is to integrate in-situ field research, ecosystem modeling, and satellite remote sensing by developing cross-scale methodologies at long-term observation field sites called "super-sites". The research approach at 'Takayama site' in Japan showcases this response to the needs of multidisciplinary questions and further development of terrestrial ecosystem research to address environmental change issues from local to national, regional and global scales.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.157-172
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• 2002

This work aims to collect a biogeographic informations on the biota, alpine ecosystem, nature reserves, forest ecosystem of North Korea, and also to accumulate a basic data on the current situation and problem of the natural ecosystem of North Korea for the preparation of future cooperation and exchange between South and North Koreas. The obtained findings are as follow. First, North Korean biota contains 18,013 species, and consists of 6,710 plant species, including 3,860 species of vascular plants. Secondly, urgent investigation on the biogeographically important arctic-alpine and alpine plants and ecosystem, those are known to be endangered due to environmental change and global warming, is required. Thirdly, the conservations of diverse nature in North Korea are conducted by the introduction of various systems, such as nature preservation region, reserves for plant, animal and sea bird, and natural monuments. Fourthly, out of 9.5 million hectares of forest, one million hectares have already faced forest denudation, thus caused lots of damages for forest ecosystem. Sharp decline of North Korean forest land are due mainly to the expansion of terraced dry-field farming and deforestation. Recovery of denudated forest land should be approached by both South and North Korean sides to solve the problem of shortage of foods and restoration of natural ecosystem of North Korea.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.1-21
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• 2013

This study attempts to explain the mechanism behind the migration from vertically integrated value chain architecture to an innovation ecosystem consisting of horizontally separated layers in value chain. We first present a comprehensive framework based on the theoretical analysis of the drivers for migration to an innovation ecosystem, which are standard (institution), capability distribution, and transaction costs. The theoretical framework suggests that the migration to an innovation ecosystem is explained by the influence of standard on the evolutionary change of capability distribution and transaction costs. In particular, when the new de-jure standard competes with the de-facto standard, the new de-jure standard has the greatest impact on the distribution capabilities and the transaction costs. Based on this theoretical framework, we analyze the latest SDN (Software Defined Networking) case of the network industry. SDN standard has transformed the industry from a vertically integrated value chain architecture to a horizontally separated one with its influence on the distribution capabilities and the transaction costs in the industry.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.367-371
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• 2005

Soil samples were collected from new-developed wetland soil ecosystem of Tamarix chinesis plantation in Chinese Yellow River Delta in different months of 2003. Soil characteristics, temporal change and spatial distribution of microbial community composition and their relationship with nitrogen turnover and circling were investigated in order to analyze and characterize the role of microbial diversity and functioning in the specific soil ecosystem. The result showed that the total population of microbial community in the studied soil was considerably low, compared with common natural ecosystem. The amount of microorganism followed as the order: bacteria> actinomycetes>fungi. Amount of actinomycetes were higher by far than that of fungi. Microbial population remarkably varied in different months. Microbial population of three species in top horizon was corrected to that in deep horizon. Obvious rhizosphere effect was observed and microbial population was significantly higher in rhizosphere than other soils due to vegetation growth, root exudation, and cumulative dead fine roots. Our results demonstrate that microbial diversity is low, while is dominated by specific community in the wetland ecosystem of Tamarix chinesi.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.99-115
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• 2024

도시 녹지는 시민들에게 다양한 긍정적인 효과를 주지만, 생태계디스서비스(Ecosystem Disservice)를 발생시킬 수 있다. 생태계디스서비스는 국제적으로 논의되고 있지만 국내에서는 아직 논의가 미흡하다. 특히, 꽃가루 알레르기는 대표적인 생태계디스서비스로 논의되고 있다. 최근 연구에서는 기후변화에 따라 꽃가루의 부정적인 피해가 증가할 것으로 예측되고 있다. 이런 맥락에서 본 연구는 생태계디스서비스에 대해 논의하는 첫 단계로서 현재 도시 녹지의 꽃가루 알레르기 유발성을 진단하고 기후변화 시나리오상에서 꽃가루 알레르기 유발성의 변화를 확인하고자 한다. 이를 위해, 꽃가루 알레르기 유발성 평가를 위해 개발된 IUGZA (Urban Green Zone Allergenicity Index)를 사용하여 서울어린이대공원을 대상으로 꽃가루 알레르기 유발성을 평가하였다. 현재 서울어린이대공원의 IUGZA는 선행연구에서 제시된 임계값보다 높아 알레르기로 인한 피해가 발생할 수 있는 수준으로 확인되었다. 또한, 기후변화 시나리오에 따라 꽃가루 알레르기 유발성은 점차 높아지는 것으로 확인되었다. 현재와 기후변화가 가장 심한 시나리오를 비교한 결과 현재에는 알레르기 피해 유발 정도가 낮은 수종이 기후변화가 심해지면 높아질 가능성을 확인하였다. 따라서 본연구에서 도출된 결과는 기후변화에 따라 꽃가루로 인한 사회적 피해가 증가할 수 있음을 시사하며 향후 식재 선정 및 관리에 고려가 필요할 만한 수종을 제시하였다는 것에 의의가 있다.